利用主客体分子包结现象选择分离蛇床子有效成分的方法

利用1,1,6-四苯基-2,4-已二炔-1,6-二醇(I)的包结能力,可简单而迅速地从蛇床子中选择分离出有效成分欧前胡素(2)和花椒毒素(3),收率分别为0.054%(2)和0.002%(3)。本文用UV,IR,¹HNMR和¹³CNMR验证了2和3的化学结构,并用HPLC检验了2和3的纯度。X-射线衍射晶体结构分析表明主体分子I与组分2靠氢键形成包结物,它们的摩尔比为1:2,氢键长为2.8612A。包结物晶体属单斜晶系,空间群为已P₂₁/C,晶胞参数:a=15.468(5)A,b=8.595(3)A,c=18.663(7)A,β=93.64(5)°,Z=4和R=0.088。     

胶原酶在治疗烧、创伤创面中应用的临床观察

目的　探讨胶原酶制剂治疗烧、创伤创面的临床疗效。方法　创面常规清创后涂胶原酶制剂外敷凡士林纱布或无菌纱布包扎 ,每日或隔日换药。结果　本组 2 2 0例 ,其中 4 4例浅Ⅱ度烧伤创面用药后 8～ 11d基本愈合 ,83例深Ⅱ度创面 12～ 18d愈合 ,4 2例Ⅲ度创面用药 7～ 10d基本达到植皮条件 ,5 1例创伤所致肌腱、韧带、骨骼等外露创面用药 12～ 19d基本具备植皮条件。结论　胶原酶治疗烧、创伤创面 ,具有加速坏死组织液化、促进损伤部位残留表皮细胞生长、利于创面修复和减轻瘢痕的作用     

Identifying the affected hemisphere by 1H-MR spectroscopy in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and no pathological findings in high resolution MRI

Up to 30% of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) remain without remarkable changes in MRI. In this study we investigated the role of (1)H-MR spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) in lateralizing the affected hemisphere in the mentioned patient group. Twenty-two consecutive patients diagnosed with TLE were investigated by high resolution MRI and (1)H-MRS. We examined the incidence and diagnostic accuracy of temporal metabolite alterations determined by Linear Combination of Model Spectra (L C Model) via water reference. Metabolite values of each hemisphere of TLE patients were compared with healthy controls. Results of metabolite alterations were related to intensive video EEG focus localization. Reduction of N-acetylaspartate + N-acetylaspartyl-glutamate (tNAA) in the affected hemisphere revealed identification in six of nine patients (66%) with unilateral TLE. Group comparison revealed a significant reduction of tNAA (6.1+/-0.8*) in the involved temporal lobe compared with controls (6.67+/-0.4*, P=0.026). Choline levels were significantly increased in the affected hemisphere (1.42+/-0.17*) compared with healthy controls (1.22+/-0.17*, P=0.035). The results of our study show that (1)H-MRS is able to identify the affected hemisphere of MRI negative TLE patients and can be used as an additive tool in multimodal focus localization.     

Effects of low-dose transdermal scopolamine on autonomic cardiovascular control in healthy young subjects

We studied how posture influences the effects of transdermal scopolamine on autonomic cardiovascular regulation in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study of 10 healthy young volunteers. We recorded the electrocardiogram and auscultatory sphygmomanometric and continuous non-invasive finger arterial pressure (Finapres device) to obtain signals for the beat-by-beat R–R interval and systolic, mean and diastolic pressures. R–R interval and arterial pressure variabilities were characterized by power spectral analysis. Scopolamine increased the mean R–R intervals and reduced arterial pressure in both the supine and the standing positions, but did not affect blood pressure variability. Scopolamine increased the total variability of R–R interval and its mid- (0·07–0·15 Hz) and high- (0·15–0·40 Hz) frequency band power in the standing position during controlled breathing at 0·25 Hz. In the supine position, scopolamine did not affect R–R interval variability. In the deep breathing test, scopolamine increased the maximal expiratory–inspiratory R–R interval ratio. This study showed that low-dose scopolamine increases vagal cardiac inhibition in both supine and standing positions in healthy volunteers. However, scopolamine increases heart rate variability only in the standing position during partial vagal withdrawal. The study also demonstrates that transdermal scopolamine decreases blood pressure in healthy young subjects.     

兔局灶脑缺血后脑片[Ca~(2 )]i的变化

目的：研究脑缺血后脑片[Ca2＋]i变化。方法：采用新型Ca2＋荧光指示剂Fura－2双波长法测定兔大脑中动脉阻塞（MCAo）局灶脑缺血后脑片细胞内游离钙（[Ca2＋]i）。结果：脑缺血后脑组织[Ca2＋]i显著升高。结论：[Ca2＋]i在脑缺血损害中起重要作用。     

Association of angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene polymorphism with essential hypertension

The renin-angiotensin system is involved in control of blood pressure and salt and fluid homeostasis. Genes for components of this system have been of major focus in research on the causation of the common, complex, polygenic trait, essential hypertension (HT). Association of an A→C variant at nucleotide 1166 of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT₁R) gene with HT, but an absence of linkage of this locus with this disease, has been reported recently. Since confirmation in a different setting is imperative, we performed a cross-sectional case-control study of the A1166C variant in a well-characterized group of 108 Caucasian HT subjects with a strong family history (two affected parents) and early onset disease. Genotyping was by mismatch polymerase chain reaction/ Bfr I restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Frequency of the C¹¹⁶⁶allele was 0.40 in HTs and 0.29 in normotensives. The difference in genotype (χ²= 13, P = 0.0015) and allele (χ²= 5.3, P = 0.02) frequencies between the two groups was significant (odds ratio for CC vs AA+AC = 7.3 [95% CI, 1.9–31.9). The present results implicate the AT₁R gene, or a locus in linkage disequilibrium with the variant tested, in the causation of essential HT.     

Malignant lymphoma. Pathology, diagnosis, therapy

Summary Malignant lymphomas can be subdivided into Hodgkin's disease and low- or high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). The principal therapeutic options are polychemotherapy and radiotherapy. Besides the histological classification, staging of the disease with particular regard to risk factors is an essential prerequisite for the therapeutic decision. Diagnostic imaging modalities such as computer tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasonography have improved the accuracy of clinical staging such that invasive pathological staging is only necessary in exceptional cases. A novel therapeutic approach is high-dose chemotherapy with autologous haematopoietic stem-cell support. This treatment improves the survival of patients with relapsed high-grade NHL. The place of high-dose therapy as the primary therapeutic option in malignant lymphoma is now being assessed in prospective studies following encouraging results from single-centre studies, including those involving the treatment of low-grade lymphoma. The effects of antibodies directed against lymphatic cells are currently being examined in experimental treatments. An assessment of the viability and rate of proliferation of lymphoma tissue on completion of therapy using sensitive radiological and nuclear medical methods is an important aim for the future. Eingegangen am 5. November 1996 Angenommen am 12. November 1996