Detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in serum specimens from patients with mycoplasma pneumonia by PCR

There are few data on detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae from blood, serum or plasma, and systematic studies on this diagnostic approach in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) are scarce. Compared to testing respiratory specimens, this approach has the advantages that it is less dependent on proper specimen collection, serum is easily stored and handled, and the pathogen is detected in a primary sterile site, where colonization can be ruled out. In this study, acute-phase serum specimens from 29 patients of Vienna University Hospital (treated between 11/1994 and 6/2004; female: 14, male: 15; median age: 31 years, range: 15-66 years) with CAP and serologically verified M. pneumoniae infection, who had not received anti-mycoplasma therapy prior to serum collection, were tested for M. pneumoniae by conventional PCR and real-time PCR. Conventional PCR yielded negative results for all specimens, but real-time PCR detected M. pneumoniae in 15/29 patient sera (52%). These findings indicate that M. pneumoniae is present in the bloodstream of a substantial proportion of patients with mycoplasma pneumonia. Despite the possible adherence of M. pneumoniae to human erythrocytes, the pathogen can be detected from serum, if a method with enhanced sensitivity is applied. However, the negative predictive value of PCR from serum with regard to etiological diagnosis is low. With regard to the potential clinical benefit of blood-based PCR diagnosis of mycoplasma pneumonia the diagnostic accuracy of this approach using either serum or whole-blood specimens should be addressed by large-scale studies.     

肺炎患儿肺炎支原体感染的实验室检测

目的：探讨肺炎患儿肺炎支原体（ＭＰ）感染的实验室检测方法。方法：使用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术检测６７６例肺炎患儿ＭＰ的感染,其中１３９例同时采用支原体培养进行检测;１１２例做间接血凝试验（ＩＨＡ）。结果：ＰＣＲ法对ＭＰ感染的检出率明显高于培养法（Ｐ〈０．０１）,双份血清ＩＨＡ的检测率和ＰＣＲ法比较无显著性差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）,单份血清ＩＨＡ的检出率明显低于ＰＣＲ法（Ｐ〈０．０１）。结论：ＰＣＲ法     

妇科门诊患者生殖道支原体感染及耐药性分析

目的:了解妇科门诊患者生殖道支原体感染状况及支原体的耐药性。方法:采用法国BioMerieux 公司的Mycoplasma IST试剂盒,对妇科门诊患者的生殖道分泌物标本进行支原体培养和耐药性检测。结果:受检者中解脲脲原体( Uu)阳性率为60% ,人型支原体( Mh) 阳性率为26 % ;6 种抗生素的药敏试验显示,Uu 和Mh 对红霉素完全耐药,对氧氟沙星耐药在60% 以上,对交沙霉素和普那霉素最为敏感。结论:妇科门诊患者中存在较大比例的支原体感染和携带,且对常用抗生素已产生一定的耐药性,这种状况应引起临床医生的注意     

Mycoplasma pneumoniae-associated nephritis in children

 Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is a rare cause of acute nephritis. Six children (2 girls) aged 5–10 years, admitted for nephritis, had serological tests showing recent Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. The diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection was based on the presence of serum IgM, detected either by immunofluorescence (IF) (n=1) or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (n=5). Four children had a renal biospy, with analysis of parenchymal Mycoplasma pneumoniae components by indirect IF and polymerase chain reaction. Extrarenal symptoms were: respiratory (n=3), ear, nose, and throat (n=2), gastrointestinal (n=3), hepatic (n=1), neurological (n=1), articular (n=1), and hematological (n=3). The patients presented with acute nephritis (1 had a nephrotic syndrome) or with acute renal failure and proteinuria. Pathological findings included type 1 membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN, n=1), proliferative endocapillary glomerulonephritis (n=2), and minimal change disease (n=1). The patient with type 1 MPGN progressed rapidly towards end-stage renal failure because of a congenital solitary kidney. Among the patients with endocapillary glomerulonephritis, 1 relapsed 6 months later and remained proteinuric, while the other recovered, as did the child with minimal change disease. The search for Mycoplasma pneumoniae antigens and nucleic acids in renal tissue was negative. However, the absence of the microorganism in the kidney is a common feature of post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. We conclude that Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a rare yet potential cause of acute glomerulonephritis. Received: 13 September 1996 / Revised: 16 June 1998 / Accepted: 18 June 1998     

泌尿生殖道支原体临床分离株对7种抗菌药物的耐药性研究

目的 比较7种抗生索对泌尿生殖道支原体临床分离株的抗菌作用，指导临床用药。方法 采用直接肉汤药盘法测定了临床标本中146株解脲脲原体(Uu)和92株人型支原体(Mh)对7种抗菌药物的耐药性。结果 146株Uu对四环索、多西环索、米诺环素、罗红霉索、阿齐霉索、交沙霉索、氧氟沙星的耐药率分别为34．2％、24．7％、28．1％、8．9％、4．8％、11．0％、和28．8％。92株Mh对四环索、多西环索、米诺环索、罗红霉索、阿齐霉索、交沙霉索、氧氟沙星的耐药率分别为55．5％、25．0％、45．7％、97．8％、100％、8．7％、和16．3％。耐四环索的Uu和Mh株对多西环索、米诺环索、交沙霉索以及氧氟沙星存在交叉耐药性。850例Uu和Mh混合感染者对交沙霉索的耐药率最低(8．1％)。结论 泌尿生殖道支原体的耐药性监测对指导临床治疗具有重要意义。     

基因转殖酵母菌培养液中生物素的高灵敏ELISA竞争测定法

目的　发展一种测定基因转殖酵母菌培养液中生物素的灵敏ELISA竞争测定法。方法　酶标板先用猪肺炎支原体包被 ,再依次用兔抗猪肺炎支原体抗血浆、羊抗兔IgG -生物素温育形成固态生物素 ,同溶液中的生物素 (标准液或试样 )竞争有限量的链霉亲和素 HRP。建立了在 5 0 - 2 0 0 0ng·L- 1 范围内生物素的标准曲线。结果　检测限为 83ng·L- 1 ,比文献报告的ELISA测生物素的最低测定浓度小 10 0 0倍。测定生物素浓度为 2 0 0、5 0 0、10 0 0ng·L- 1 的用空白培养液稀释的标准生物素试样的相对标准偏差分别是 2 4 87%、6 15 %、7 86 % ,平均回收率为 10 1 13%。在用本法测定野生酵母菌及其 6 3个基因转殖酵母菌培养液中的生物素时 ,发现 85 %以上的培养液试样中生物素浓度均得到不同程度扩增。结论　用猪肺炎支原体作包被蛋白 ,提高了ELISA结果的精确度和准确度 ,可供测定其它介质中生物素的参考     

DNA analysis for phospholipase A2 coding sequences of Mycoplasma hominis isolated from women with a normal pregnancy and women with a pregnancy complicated by preterm labour

A possible cause of preterm labour is an increased synthesis of prostaglandins by a phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity. PLA2 activity has been detected in Mycoplasma hominis. The aim of this study was to test whether chromosomal DNA of M. hominis contains sequences coding for PLA2. M. hominis was cultured in specimens from 5 women with normal pregnancy and 4 in preterm labour. Using sequence alignment, primer pairs for the active part of PLA2 of different species were designed for PCR analysis. No sequences coding for PLA2 could be amplified. Whatever its role in preterm labour, M. hominis is not involved in causing an increase of prostaglandin synthesis. Received: 21 September 1997 / Accepted: 17 January 1998     

支原体耐药性与抗菌药消耗量相关性研究

目的：了解支原体耐药性与抗生素消耗量之间的相关性。方法：对112份解脲支原体阳性标本进行9种抗菌药敏感性试验，统计2002～2003年有关药物的消耗量，分析解脲支原体耐药率与相应药品消耗量之间的关系。结果：多因素逐步回归分析表明上年度相关药物成人剂型的消耗量是有显著性意义的相关因素（r=0．858，F=16.778，P〈0．01）。结论：支原体的耐药率主要与上一年度的相关药物消耗量相关。     

衡阳地区不孕不育者支原体感染现状

目的　了解湖南省衡阳地区不孕不育者解脲脲原体 (Uu)、人型支原体 (Mh)感染现状。　方法　设计Uu、Mh特异性引物 ,用PCR扩增 13 7例不孕不育者标本 ,统计分析Uu、Mh感染情况。　结果　在 13 7例不孕不育者中 ,Uu阳性 5 1例 ( 3 7.2 % ) ,Mh阳性 3 6例 ( 2 6.3 % )。　结论　不孕不育者的Uu与Mh感染率明显高于正常生育者 ( χ2 =8.70 ,P <0 .0 5 )。     

应用超高倍显微分析仪检测泌尿生殖道支原体感染

目的　探讨多功能超高倍显微分析仪 (TsingHuaMultimediaMicroscopyDiagnosticInstrument ,THMMDI)活体检测泌尿生殖道支原体感染的诊断价值。　方法　应用THMMDI与传统的培养法和PCR (polymerasechainreaction ,PCR)检测法对 10 5例患者进行解脲支原体 (ureaplasmaurealyticum ,UU )检测。　 结果　THMMDI对泌尿生殖道感染患者中的支原体检出率与培养法和PCR的检出率比较无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。　结论　THMMDI活体检测支原体为一种快速、简单的诊断方法。