三七总皂甙对实验性脑缺血脑血流及血脑屏障的影响作用

目的 观察三七总皂甙对脑缺血后再灌流期间血脑屏障及脑血流的影响。方法 利用大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌流和全脑缺血再灌流损伤两种实验模型。结果 与相应对照组比较，不论是全脑缺血还是局灶性脑缺血1h后再灌注3d，应用三七总皂甙的各组动物及水肿明显减轻，血脑屏障通透性改善，大脑局部血流量显著增加。结论 三七总皂甙对脑缺血后脑水肿、血脑屏障、大脑局部血流量具有保护作用。     

血必净对大鼠肝缺血-再灌注后急性肺损伤的保护作用

目的观察肝脏缺血-再灌注后急性肺损伤的发病机制及血必净对其的干预作用。方法将健康雄性Wistar大鼠90只随机分3组:假手术组(SOG组)30只,缺血再灌注组(I/R组)30只,血必净组(XBJ组)组30只。XBJ组术前3d经尾静脉注射血必净注射液5ml·kg-1·d-1。于再灌注6h、12h、24h各组分别随机选取10只大鼠进行标本检测:观察大鼠肺脏组织病理切片;取新鲜肺组织测定湿/干重比(W/D)、肺组织髓过氧化物酶(MPO)含量,取动脉血检测血气分析(PaO2)。结果XBJ组较I/R组在相同时相点的肺脏病理改变较轻,MPO含量显著降低(P<0.01);W/D显著降低(P<0.01);PaO2升高(P<0.05)。结论血必净注射液对肝脏缺血-再灌注后急性肺损伤具有保护作用,该作用与抑制中性粒细胞在肺内集聚、减少氧自由基的产生有关。     

骨髓干细胞移植治疗缺血性心脏病的研究进展

干细胞具有自我更新，多向分化能力，在适宜的体外培养中干细胞能够稳定生存增殖并保持多向分化潜能，是便于体外操作的理想的靶细胞。本综合近几年国内外献，阐述了骨髓干细胞通过移植技术移植至试验动物的病损心脏，可以分化增殖为心肌细胞和血管结构，从而改善缺血的心脏功能。因此具有广阔的临床应用前景，值得进一步研究。     

Optic Disc Cupping in Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy Resembles Glaucomatous Cupping

Five cases of anterior ischemic optic neuropathy secondary to biopsy-proven giant cell arteritis are presented. In each case, cupping of the optic disc, which closely resembled glaucomatous cupping, was observed in the affected eye. The presence of glaucoma was ruled out on the basis of normal intraocular pressures and normal tonographic measurements of facility of outflow. These cases indicate that arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy can result in optic disc cupping, which closely resembles glaucomatous cupping. The similarities in the appearance of cupping of these discs with that seen in eyes with glaucoma suggest that the pathogenesis of cupping in glaucoma and in arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy may share some common mechanisms.     

Protective effects of Terminalia arjuna against Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity

Terminalia arjuna has been marked as a potential cardioprotective agent since vedic period. The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of butanolic fraction of Terminalia arjuna bark (TA-05) on Doxorubicin (Dox)-induced cardiotoxicity. Male wistar rats were used as in vivo model for the study. TA-05 was administered orally to Wistar rats at different doses (0.42 mg/kg, 0.85 mg/kg, 1.7 mg/kg, 3.4 mg/kg and 6.8 mg/kg) for 6 days/week for 4 weeks. Thereafter, all the animals except saline and TA-05-treated controls were administered 20 mg/kg Dox intraperitonially. There was a significant decrease in myocardial superoxide dismutase (38.94%) and reduced glutathione (23.84%) in animals treated with Dox. Concurrently marked increase in serum creatine kinase-MB (CKMB) activity (48.11%) as well as increase in extent of lipid peroxidation (2.55-fold) was reported. Co-treatment of TA-05 and Dox resulted in an increase in the cardiac antioxidant enzymes, decrease in serum CKMB levels and reduction in lipid peroxidation as compared to Dox-treated animals. Electron microscopic studies in Dox-treated animals revealed mitochondrial swelling, Z-band disarray, focal dilatation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) and lipid inclusions, whereas the concurrent administration of TA-05 led to a lesser degree of Dox-induced histological alterations. These findings suggest that butanolic fraction of Terminalia arjuna bark has protective effects against Dox-induced cardiotoxicity and may have potential as a cardioprotective agent.     

缺血性脑血管病患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块与超敏-CRP关系

目的探讨脑梗死患者颈动脉粥样硬化性斑块与超敏C-反应蛋白（Hs-CRP）含量的关系。方法分别测定30名通过颈动脉超声检查发现有粥样硬化斑块的急性脑梗死（A组）、脑供血不足患者（B组）和无颈动脉粥样硬化斑块老年健康体检者（C组）血清中Hs-CRP含量。结果A组Hs-CRP含量明显高于B组和C组（P〈0.05）;而B组和C组之间无显著性差异。结论Hs-CRP与动脉硬化引起的急性脑梗死有关,Hs-CRP与稳定性颈动脉硬化性斑块患者的脑供血不足的症状无关。     

大鼠心肌急性缺血再灌注Fos蛋白表达及其意义

目的:探讨急性心肌缺血再灌注早期不同时间心肌细胞内Fos蛋白表达的变化,为心肌早期缺血再灌注损伤致死死后诊断提供新方法。方法:在32只SD大鼠建立心肌早期缺血再灌注损伤模型,另外40只大鼠分为正常与缺血对照组。用免疫组化SABC法结合图象分析研究心肌细胞核Fos蛋白的累积情况。结果:缺血30min再灌注30min后,再灌注区有部分心肌细胞核呈弱阳性着色,以后随缺血时间延长核阳性增强。缺血90min再灌注30min后核棕褐色染色最强,180min后又开始减弱。正常和单纯缺血组心肌细胞核未见有阳性反应。HE染色无明显病理改变。结论:Fos蛋白表达高峰在缺血90～180min之间,FosSABC染色法可诊断缺血30min再灌注30min或更长时间的损伤。免疫组化染色法检测心肌细胞核Fos蛋白的表达有望成为急性心肌缺血再灌注死后诊断的一种有意义的手段。     

柴胡三参胶囊对缺血性心律失常大鼠模型心肌细胞HERG K+通道蛋白的研究

目的：探讨柴胡三参胶囊对缺血性心律失常大鼠心肌中HERG K+通道蛋白表达的影响,为柴胡三参胶囊的临床应用提供实验依据,为缺血性心律失常的中医药治疗提供更多的治疗途径。方法将大鼠随机分为空白组、假手术组、模型组、柴胡三参胶囊（青蒿）组、柴胡三参胶囊（常山）组、稳心颗粒组、胺碘酮组,每组各10只,药物组在结扎左冠状动脉前降支前10 d开始预先给药,连续10 d,观察大鼠结扎左冠状动脉前降支后心电图改变及心肌中 HERG K+通道蛋白表达。结果柴胡三参胶囊能够降低缺血性心律失常的发生率(P<0.05)、显著性的降低大鼠心肌细胞HERG K+通道蛋白的失活(P<0.01)。结论柴胡三参胶囊抗缺血性心律失常的效果明显,心肌细胞HERG K+通道蛋白是其作用靶点。