Changes in Energy Intake and Diet Quality during an 18-Month Weight-Management Randomized Controlled Trial in Adults with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

Background

Previous research indicates that individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) are at risk for poor diet quality.

Nano in nano: Biosynthesized gold and iron nanoclusters cargo neoplastic exosomes for cancer status biomarking

Timely detection is crucial for successful treatment of cancer. The current study describes a new approach that involves utilization of the tumor cell environment for bioimaging with in-situ biosynthesized nanoscale gold and iron probes and subsequent dissemination of Au-Fe nanoclusters from cargo exosomes within the circulatory system. We have isolated the Au-Fe cargo exosomes from the blood of the treated murine models after in situ biosyntheses from their respective pre-ionic solutions (HAuCl₄, FeCl₂), whereas Na₂SeO₃ supplementation added into Au lethal effect. The microarray data of various differentially expressed genes revealed the up-regulated tumor ablation and metal binding genes in SGC-7901 cell lines after treatment with Au-Fe-Se triplet ionic solution. The isolation of Au-Fe nanoclusters cargo exosomes (nano in nano) after secretion from deeply seated tumors may help in early diagnosis and reveal the tumor ablation status during and after the relevant treatment like radio-chemo therapies et al.     

以激光扫描共聚焦显微镜三维重建肾小球系膜细胞

为进一步研究肾小球系膜细胞的结构与功能，利用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜对体外培养的人肾小球系膜细胞进行断层扫描及三维重建，并与普通荧光显微镜的图像进行了比较。结果表明，共聚焦显微镜可以清晰地显示系膜细胞的立体形态以及纤维连接蛋白在细胞质内不同层面的分布状况及分布强度，这为从立体结构方面对系膜细胞深入研究提供了一个新的方法。     

蓝光照射对小鼠视网膜形态和功能的损伤作用

目的通过观察蓝光照射对C57BL/6J小鼠视网膜形态和功能的影响,探讨非渗出性年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)的模型。方法采用投币法将20只8周龄清洁级C57BL/6J雄性小鼠随机分为正常对照组和蓝光照射组。蓝光照射组小鼠暗适应24 h后暴露于10000 lx蓝光下5 d,正常对照组小鼠按12 h/12 h正常光照/黑暗的周期饲养于正常光照环境5 d。采用光相干断层扫描成像(OCT)活体检查各组小鼠视网膜厚度变化,采用视网膜电图(ERG)检查各组小鼠视网膜功能变化。于光照结束后24 h采用颈椎脱臼法处死小鼠并制备眼球壁标本,采用免疫荧光染色法测定小鼠视网膜中视紫红质(Rho)、紧密连接蛋白(ZO-1)和β-catenin蛋白表达。结果蓝光照射组小鼠视网膜上部和下部距视盘200、400、600、800和1000μm处视网膜外核层厚度均较正常对照组变薄,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。蓝光照射组小鼠暗适应和明适应b波振幅分别为(305.50±41.52)μV和(119.50±6.67)μV,分别低于正常对照组的(415.50±28.77)μV和(139.75±8.26)μV,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。正常对照组小鼠RPE细胞呈正六边形,视网膜各层形态规则,Rho、ZO-1和β-catenin荧光较强;蓝光照射组小鼠RPE细胞形态不规则,ZO-1染色减弱或消失,β-catenin染色和Rho蛋白荧光强度减弱。结论蓝光照射小鼠视网膜变薄,视网膜功能减弱。     

高频超声生物显微镜动态观察局部注射二丙酸倍他米松治疗病理性瘢痕

目的采用高频超声生物显微镜(HFB,40MHz)观察二丙酸倍他米松治疗病理性瘢痕的临床效果。方法对39例接受二丙酸倍他米松局部注射治疗患者(治疗组)和20例未接受任何治疗患者(对照组)以40MHz探头行高频超声,于第1、31、61、91天测量瘢痕横径、垂直厚度;以DFY型超声图像诊断仪测量其面积、平均灰度值、声强值;结合温哥华瘢痕量表(VSS)对瘢痕评分。结果治疗组:第31、61、91天较治疗前横径、垂直厚度明显减小(P均0.05),面积、平均灰度值、平均声强值明显减小(P均0.05),VSS评分明显降低(P均0.01);第61天较第31天、第91天较第61天以上各参数均明显减小(P0.05),评分明显降低(P0.01)。对照组:各参数及评分均降低,但差异无统计学意义(P均0.05)。结论高频超声显微镜能无创、定量观察二丙酸倍他米松局部治疗后病理性瘢痕改变,对评价治疗情况有一定临床价值。     

胃癌的自体荧光图像分析

目的：探讨胃癌组织显微自体荧光图像的特征表现。方法：采用氩离子（Ar^ ）激光（激发波长488nm）和氦氖（He-Ne）激光（激发波长543nm）的双通道法激光扫描共聚焦显微镜对16例胃癌手术标本进行自体荧光图像分析，并作自身对照研究。结论：胃正常组织各层的显微自体荧光图像均以绿色荧光为主，胃癌的显微自体荧光图像则红色荧光强度明显增加，并可见棕红色区，其显示率达100％。结论：棕红色区是胃癌在显微自体荧光图像上的特征表现，自体荧光图像分析是胃癌诊断的有效方法。     

Photodynamic therapy of colorectal cancer using a new light source

PURPOSE: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a relatively new alternative modality for palliation of rectal cancer. Current source of light for PDT are laser systems that are expensive and not necessarily needed for PDT. We evaluated a new nonlaser light source for PDT, Versa-Light ^® .METHODS AND RESULTS: In vitro PDT—CT26 murine colon carcinoma cells were incubated with aluminum phthalocyanine (AlPcS ₄ ) for 48 hours and subjected to photoradiation using Versa-Light ^® ,and viability was assessed. There was a significant decrease in viability of treated cells compared with controls. In vivo PDT—BALB/c mice were injected either subcutaneously or intrarectally with CT26 cancer cells. IP AlPcS ₄ (2.5 mg/kg) was injected when tumors were visible. After 24 hours, mice were subjected to photoradiation. Massive tumor necrosis in response to PDT was observed. PDT also prolonged survival of treated mice. Patient treatment—A 70-year-old woman with recurrent local rectal carcinoma received intravenous Photofrin II ^® (2 mg/kg). After 48 and 96 hours, she was subjected to direct photoradiation. After the first light session, there was complete macroscopic disappearance of the tumor. Biopsies up to 10 weeks after the treatment showed no cancer cells in the treated area. Sixteen weeks later, a randomized biopsy from previous tumor site showed carcinoma cells. CONCLUSIONS: We believe that Versa-Light ^® ,is a good light source for PDT. It was effective in both in vitro and animal studies. It can also be safely used for clinical PDT.Supported by the Roni Udassin Memorial Fund of the Israel Cancer Society.     

光固化流体树脂与可见光固化窝沟封闭剂防治儿童龋病的疗效对比

目的 探讨光固化流体树脂与可见光固化窝沟封闭剂对儿童龋病的疗效.方法 将我院龋齿防治的120例儿童随机分为两组.试验组60例进行光固化流体树脂治疗.对照组60例可见光固化窝沟封闭剂治疗.观察两组患龋率及封闭剂维持率.结果 试验组龋齿率为7.9％,稍低于对照组的8.8％,无统计学差异（P ＞0.05）;试验组1年封闭剂维持率为96.2％,高于对照组的84.2％,有统计学差异（P＜0.05）;试验组2年封闭剂维持率为90.0％,高于对照组的75.8％,有统计学差异（P＜0.05）.结论 光固化流体树脂较可见光固化剂疗效显著,其患儿封闭剂维持率比较高,同时患儿患龋率也较低,值得临床选择.     

预防性和治疗性二极管蓝光照射防治极低出生体质量儿高胆红素血症的疗效比较

目的比较预防性和治疗性二极管（LED）蓝光照射防治极低出生体质量儿（VLBWI）高胆红素血症的临床疗效。方法选择2012年11月至2014年2月扬州大学临床医学院产科转入新生儿重症监护中心（NICU）住院的80例VLBWI为研究对象,并采用随机数字表法将其分为采用预防性LED蓝光照射的预防组和采用治疗性LED蓝光照射的治疗组,每组各为40例。观察两组患儿总照射时间、胆红素峰值、黄疸消褪时间、高胆红素血症（血清胆红素水平〉171.0μmol/L）发生率及治疗不良反应（发热、腹泻、皮疹、低钙血症、贫血、青铜症）发生情况。本研究遵循的程序符合扬州大学临床医学院人体试验委员会所制定的伦理学标准,得到该委员会批准,分组征得受试对象监护人的知情同意,并与之签署临床研究知情同意书。两组患儿入院胎龄、体质量、入院时间、性别、分娩方式比较,差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结果预防组患儿总照射时间长于治疗组,但两组比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,其胆红素峰值、黄疸消褪时间明显低于治疗组,二者比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。预防组患儿高胆红素血症发生率显著低于治疗组,两组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。两组患儿治疗不良反应（发热、腹泻、皮疹、低钙血症、贫血、青铜症）发生率比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论预防性LED蓝光照射防治VLBWI高胆红素血症虽然总照射时间略长于治疗性LED蓝光照射,但其临床疗效显著优于后者,具有便捷、高效、安全、治疗不良反应小等优点。