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41.
目的 探讨高血压病病左室肥厚(LVH)与非在室肥厚(NLVH)患者QTcd的关系及临床意义。方法 用分层抽样法测定103例原发性高血压病患者住院首次12导联心电图QTc离散度(QTcd)其中合并LVH患者57例,合并NLVH患者46例,并与20例健康人作对照,结果 QTcdLVH组分别与NLVH组,对照组比较均有非常显著性差异(P〈0.01)NLVH组与对照组比较无显著性差异(P〉0.05)。结论 相似文献
42.
目的探讨50岁以上正常人左室舒张期脉冲多普勒频谱的参数变化情况。方法选择一年半时间内受检的所有50岁以上正常人475例,按每10岁为一组分4组进行分析。受检者取左侧卧位,常规显示心尖四腔心切面,取样容积置于二尖瓣尖,使声束与二尖瓣血流方向夹角<15°,以连续三个心动周期的平均值分别测量E峰、A峰、E/A及E峰减速时间并统计。结果发现E峰高于正常值低限的例数、平均E峰血流速度以及E/A均随着年龄的增加而下降,E峰减速时间则随着增龄而增加。结论左室舒张期血流频谱的所有参数与年龄有显著的相关性,明显随着增龄而变化,并且有其规律性。 相似文献
43.
主动脉内球囊反搏(intraaortic balloon pump,IABP)已广泛应用于成年人心源性休克和围手术期低心排血量综合征的治疗,并取得良好的治疗效果,但在小儿中的应用仍较局限。现就有关IABP在小儿中的应用进行综述,着重分析IABP的适应证和影响在小儿中应用的技术困难和其他因素,介绍小儿IABP应用的技术要点,可能的并发症和治疗效果。在无体外膜式氧合器(ECMO)和左心辅助设备的情况下,小儿心脏直视手术后如不能脱离体外循环机或发生严重低心排血量综合征等,应用IABP治疗可收到较好的效果。 相似文献
44.
Abstract: In an experimental dog model of acute biventricular failure, the effects of left ventricular (LV) assist on renal hemodynamics and function were evaluated. After the induction of severe cardiac failure by multiple ligation of the coronary arteries, LV assist with a 40 ml pneumatic pulsatile pump was initiated, and the aortic flow was maintained at control values. The right atrial pressure (RAP) rose to 21.3 mm Hg with the appearance of profound right ventricular (RV) failure. Renal arterial blood flow (RAF) decreased to about 60% of the control value after 2 h of LV assist. The urine volume decreased and renal function deteriorated progressively. RV assist decreased the RAP to 4.8 mm Hg, and the reduced RAF recovered. After 3 h of RV assist, the RAF returned to initial values and the urine volume increased, but renal function did not recover. Advanced biventricular failure with elevated RAP during LV assist reduced renal perfusion and impaired renal function and may be an indication for early RV assist 相似文献
45.
S. Haruyama H. Mori L. M. Wan Y. Shinozaki H. Sakamoto H. Okino 《Medical & biological engineering & computing》1994,32(Z1):S91-S98
We proposed a mathematical model to describe the early filling process of the left ventricle and applied the model toin vivo experiments. The solution of a second-order differential equation indicated that the pressure difference between the left
atrium and ventricle during ventricular filling (PD) could be explained by a transient response, i.e. decremental oscillation,
in an LCR circuit. Thereafter, we analysed the sequence of PD during vagal stimulation with two catheter-tip manometers in
12 anaesthetised dogs and evaluated changes in the parameters of the system under various haemodynamic conditions. The values
of ωn and ξ were quite stable among beats within an episode of vagal stimulation, between episodes and even among dogs, despite
the changes in haemodynamic variables. Pericardiotomy and partial discommunication of the mitral valve with the left ventricular
free wall by cutting the mitral chordal tendons decreased ωn and increased ζ, mainly because of the increase in CLV. Occlusion of the coronary vascular beds with large numbers of microspheres increased ωn and decreased ζ, mainly because of the decrease in CLV. Mitral obstruction with an inflated balloon (increase in R) abolished the oscillatory changes and produced and exponential
decay sequence of PD. In conclusion, both the logical and experimental approaches indicated that the sequence of PD could
be considered as decremental oscillation in the LCR circuit and the parameters ωn and ξ could be good indices of the diastolic property of the left ventricle 相似文献
46.
目的 观察血压变异性 (BPV)对老年性高血压患者左心室肥厚的影响 .方法 老年性高血压患者 10 0例 ,根据左室重量指数 [LVMI]分为两组 :左室肥厚组和非左室肥厚组 ,进行 2 4小时动态血压监测 ,以各时段 (日间、夜间及 2 4小时 )血压的标准差作为血压变异性的量化指标 .结果 左室肥厚组日间、夜间及 2 4小时收缩压BPV显著高于非左室肥厚组 (p <0 .0 1) ,日间、夜间及 2 4小时收缩压BPV与LVMI呈正相关 ,舒张压BPV与LVMI无相关性 .结论 收缩压BPV与高血压左室肥厚的发生和肥厚程度有关 ,老年性高血压患者更容易出现左室肥厚 ,在治疗老年性高血压时 ,要注意平稳降压 相似文献
47.
Braakman R. Sipkema P. Westerhof N. 《Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology》1986,407(4):432-439
It has been reported that sodiumnitroprusside (SNP) decreases mean systemic pressure and simultaneously increases pressure pulse amplification towards the iliac periphery (Kenner and van Zwieten 1982). This unexpected finding was suggested to be due to a decrease in iliac peripheral resistance but an increase in iliac differential resistance. In order to investigate this apparent contradiction, the iliac periphery was hemodynamically isolated from the rest of the circulation and perfused with the dog's own blood by means of a pump. Perfusion pressure (P) and flow (F), femoral venous pressure (Pv), systemic pressure (Ps) and cardiac output (CO) were measured. Steady state pressure-flow relations of the isolated bed were obtained during control and during various i.v. infusion rates of SNP and adenosine (ADS) and were found to be straight (meanr=0.99). Their slope (P/F) was defined as differential resistance (Rd). Peripheral resistance (Rp) of the iliac bed was defined as Rp=(P-Pv)/F, calculated at the flow value where perfusion pressure equalled the prevailing systemic pressure. Total peripheral resistance (TPR) was defined as TPR=Ps/CO. The changes of Rd, Rp, Ps, CO and TPR with respect to control show that during low SNP infusion rates Rd and Rp were both increased while TPR was decreased. During all infusion rates of SNP CO did not change while Ps decreased. During low infusion rates of adenosine CO increased while Ps, Rd and Rp did not change and TPR decreased. During high infusion rates of ADS CO decreased again, Rd, Rp and Ps decreased, and TPR remained constant but at a decreased level.It is concluded that: (1) the suggestion of Kenner and van Zwieten is not supported, since SNP (as well as ADS) affects iliac peripheral and iliac differential resistance in a similar way; (2) SNP (as well as ADS) affects iliac peripheral resistance and total peripheral resistance in a differentiated way, and even in an opposite way during low infusion rates of SNP; (3) it is this opposite effect that explains the paradoxical observations of Kenner and van Zwieten; (4) for comparable reductions of TPR, CO is better maintained during infusion of SNP, while Ps is better maintained during infusion of ADS. 相似文献
48.
愈心梗液保护急性心肌梗死后心力衰竭大鼠心肌细胞和线粒体超微结构及抗氧化作用的实验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的观察愈心梗液保护大鼠急性心肌梗死(AMI)后状动脉造成实验性AMI心力衰竭模型,并使之长期存活。造模成心力衰竭心肌细胞及线粒体超微结构和抗氧化的作用。方法结扎Wistar大鼠冠功后,大鼠随机分为7组,每组10只,即空白组、假手术(只穿刺不结扎)组、模型组、开搏通组、愈心梗液大、中、小剂量组。各给药组于手术即日起开始灌胃给药,连续4周。4周后麻醉处死大鼠.心脏组织切片处理后通过电镜和光镜观察心肌细胞及线粒体的形态结构及测定心肌细胞的横截面积、周长,同时测定大鼠心肌组织和血清中丙二醛(MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的含量。结果动物造模4周后,大鼠心肌细胞中心肌纤维排列杂乱,图像系统测量显示心肌细胞横截面积增大、周长增加。与模型组比较,愈心梗液大、中剂量可显著降低大鼠心肌细胞横截面积、周长和直径(和模型比较,P〈0.01)。减少大鼠心肌组织和血清中MDA的含量和升高SOD的含量。结论愈心梗液可抑制大鼠AMI后心肌细胞的代偿性增大,保护线粒体结构的相对完整性,提高大鼠的抗氧化能力,干预AMI大鼠心室重构VR的病理过程,有改善AMI后心力衰竭的作用。 相似文献
49.
H. Seibold U. Roth R. Lippert J. Kohler S. Wieshammer E. Henze M. Stauch 《Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany)》1986,64(9):433-441
Summary In patients with varying degrees of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), simultaneous measurements of central hemodynamics and left ventricular radionuclide ventriculograms at rest and during exercise were made. In 21 of these patients, satisfactory echocardiograms could be performed. In seven of the patients, arterial blood pressure at rest was increased. Decreased compliance of the left ventricle was thought to be present in patients with COPD and additional arterial hypertension. The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) at rest was in the high normal range in all patients. During exercise, no further increase was observed. This pattern of LVEF response seems to be typical in patients with COPD. Because the highest values were observed in the more severe COPD and right ventricular hypertrophy, it is unlikely that an impairment of left ventricular function is caused by COPD. In five of 27 patients, an abnormal decrease of LVEF and regional hypokinesis occurred during exercise, thus suggesting additional coronary heart disease. The fact that at least 30% of the patients with COPD suffered from arterial hypertension and 20% of the patients exhibited unexpected ischemia detected by regional hypokinesis in RNV during exercise, but not in the ECG, may be of practical relevance. Coronary angiography was not indicated because most of these patients were over 65 and the factor limiting the working capacity was ventilatory impairment and not angina pectoris, in all patients. For this reason, a diagnostic uncertainty remains with regard to additional coronary heart disease in the older patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Lung Function Parameters VC (1)
inspiratory vital capacity
- FEV1 (1)
forced exspiratory volume in 1 sec
- Raw (cmH20/l/s)
airways resistance
- RV/TLC (%)
residual volume/total lung capacity
- paO2 (mm Hg)
O2 partial pressure
Hemodynamic Parameters CI (1/min/sqm)
cardiac index
- SVI (ml/sqm)
stroke volume index
- PAP (mm Hg)
pulmonary artery mean pressure
- PwP (mm Hg)
pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
- RRs (mm Hg)
systolic arterial pressure
- RRd (mm Hg)
diastolic arterial pressure (at the time of catheterization)
- RR(WHO) (mm Hg)
mean values measured at different days (at least 3 values).
Parameters Derived from Combined Radionuclide Ventriculography and Central Hemodynamics LVEF (%)
left ventricular ejection fraction
- LVESVI (ml/sqm)
left ventricular endsystolic volume index
- P/V (mm Hg/ml/sqm)
peak systolic pressure/endsystolic volume index
- PFR (1/sec)
peak filling rate: endsystolic volume/sec
Echocardiographic Parameters RV d wth (mm)
right ventricular enddiastolic wall thickness
- LV d wth (mm)
left ventricular enddiastolic wall thickness
In honor to Prof. W.E. Adam's 60th birthday 相似文献
50.
Jorge A. Negroni Elena C. Lascano Ricardo H. Pichel 《Annals of biomedical engineering》1987,15(1):35-50
We undertook a theoretical analysis of the source resistance of the left ventricle represented in a mean pressure-mean flow
diagram, using the chamber properties established in terms of the pressure-volume relationship. This analysis showed that
pairs of points should lie above the linear function proposed by Elzinga and Westerhof. A third-order polynomial function
would theoretically explain better than a linear relation or a parabolic fit the curved shape of experimentally obtained
relationships. The analysis resolves the discrepancy between Elzinga and Westerhof's theoretical concept of linear source
resistance and the actual nonlinear
relationship. 相似文献