PLASMA PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE IN THE HUMAN NEONATE

Abstract. Lucas, A., Adrian, T. E., Bloom, S. R. and Aynsley-Green, A. (University Department of Paediatrics, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford and Hammersmith Hospital, London). Plasma pancreatic polypeptide in the human neonate. Acta Paediatr Scand, 69: 211, 1980.—Plasma pancreatic polypeptide (PP) concentrations have been studied in 197 healthy term and preterm infants. At birth plasma concentrations were lower than those found in the young fasting adult ( p > 0.01), but by the sixth postnatal day in both term and preterm infants basal concentrations had risen to adult levels. In preterm infants, who were studied at two further postnatal ages, 13 and 24 days, basal plasma PP concentrations peaked at 13 days with levels that were over twice those seen in fasting adults ( p > 0.005). However, the marked PP elevations following feeding that have been reported in adults, were not seen in any of the groups of neonates studied. PP physiology thus appears to differ in neonates and adults. These findings may be relevant to adaptation to postnatal life.     

Sysmex XS 800i 血细胞分析仪血小板计数性能评价

目的 评价Sysmex XS-800i 血细胞分析仪血小板(PLT)计数性能。 方法 遵照行业指南验证Sysmex XS-800i血细胞分析仪PLT计数的精密度、线性、携带污染率和正确度; 以显微镜计数法为参考方法对仪器低值PLT检测一致性、小红细胞(RBC)和大PLT的干扰性和仪器报警有效性进行评价。 结果 精密度、线性、携带污染率、正确度均符合行业标准。对于11×10⁹～55×10⁹ L^-1范围内的低值PLT,Sysmex XS-800i检测相关性(r=0.923 9)优于ADVIA 2120i(r=0.908 0); 平均红细胞体积(MCV)<70 fL或MCV<75 fL且PLT直方图异常时、平均血小板体积(MPV)>x^-+2s即MPV>12 fL时,仪器检测PLT结果均有显著性差别(P<0.05)。特异性较高的报警为“RBC大小不一”和“小RBC”,分别为89.47%和83.87%; 阳性预测值较高的报警为“RBC大小不一”(92.00%)。 结论 Sysmex XS-800i血细胞分析仪的PLT计数性能符合行业标准要求; 对低值PLT计数准确性良好,但抗小RBC、大PLT干扰能力较差。日常使用应结合仪器各相关报警的有效性,建立合适的人工镜检复检规则。     

塑化剂对慢性肾衰大鼠模型和腹膜透析患者腹膜纤维化调控因子TGF-β1/Smads表达的影响

目的 研究塑化剂对慢性肾衰大鼠模型和腹膜透析患者腹膜纤维化调控因子——转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)/Smad蛋白家族(Smads)表达的影响。 方法 紫外分光光度法测定腹膜透析液中邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基)己酯(DEHP)的含量。30只雄性SD大鼠随机平均分为正常对照组、模型对照组、低浓度DEHP组、中浓度DEHP组、高浓度DEHP组。模型对照组和DEHP组采用5/6肾切除法制备大鼠肾衰模型,建模成功后每日向大鼠腹腔注射含不同浓度DEHP的“腹透液”连续28 d。苏木精-伊红染色法(H-E)、蛋白质印迹法(Western-blot)及反转录PCR(RT-PCR)技术观察大鼠腹膜组织病理、TGF-β1/Smads通路关键因子及基因的表达,免疫荧光法检测大鼠腹膜组织α平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)的表达。16例腹膜透析患者随机分为2组,分别给予聚氯乙烯(PVC)包装腹透液和非PVC包装腹透液,3月后测量2组腹膜平衡试验、尿素清除指数(KT/V)、肌酐清除率(Ccr)和腹透液中TGF-β1含量。 结果 DEHP组表现出腹膜纤维化趋势。与对照组比较,DEHP组TGF-β1/Smads关键因子及其mRNA的表达水平有明显上调(P<0.05); DEHP组间各蛋白及mRNA的表达比较,差别无统计学意义(P>0.05)。DEHP组Smad7 mRNA和蛋白表达水平较对照组下调(P<0.05),DEHP各组间比较,差别无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组腹膜透析患者KT/V,Ccr及腹膜平衡试验结果比较,差别无统计学意义(P>0.05); 非PVC组腹透液中TGF-β1浓度较PVC组明显降低(P<0.05)。 结论 DEHP可引起慢性肾衰模型大鼠腹膜纤维化的发生,机制为致经典纤维化通路TGF-β1/Smads激活,激活程度与DEHP浓度无关。PVC包装腹膜透析液能上调腹膜TGF-β1的表达,可能导致腹膜纤维化进展。     

口三针滞针牵拉法治疗顽固性面瘫面神经功能指数评价

目的:探寻治疗顽固性面瘫口角歪斜的有效针刺手法。方法:将101例顽固性面瘫患者随机分为观察组(48例)、对照组(53例)。两组在针刺患侧攒竹、四白、颊车、牵正的基础上,同取患侧口三针(地仓、口禾髎、夹承浆),观察组采用滞针牵拉法,对照组采用常规刺法,每天1次,10天为一疗程,观察2个疗程后面神经功能指数(FNFI)的变化。结果:治疗后两组FNFI均显著升高(均P0.01),且观察组优于对照组(P0.01),观察组面神经功能基本恢复率为87.5%(42/48),优于对照组的67.9%(36/53)(P0.05)。结论:口三针滞针牵拉法是治疗顽固性面瘫口角歪斜的较佳方法。     

Transitional implants in a patient with Williams-Beuren syndrome: a four-year follow-up

Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS) is characterized by several diagnostic features, including oligodontia. Restoration of congenitally missing teeth in patients with WBS is a challenge, both emotionally and clinically. In the atrophied alveolar bone process of a juvenile patient with WBS, the maxillary lateral incisors were replaced with two Immediate Provisional Implants (IPI). Early implant loading was used with temporary acrylic resin crowns that were replaced by semi-permanent restorations; the case has been followed for four years. Restoration of the missing maxillary lateral incisors with IPIs and temporary crowns proved to be a convenient, long-lasting and psychologically acceptable solution to the patient and her family.     

Solitary median maxillary central incisor in association with Goldenhar's syndrome: a case report

Goldenhar's syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by several anomalies that include dermal epibulbar cysts, auricular appendices and malformations and vertebral anomalies. In this article, the authors report a case of Goldenhar's syndrome in a 10-year-old child who presented with the classical signs of this condition and a solitary median maxillary central incisor (SMMCI).     

STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF ORALLY ADMINISTERED AGAR ON THE SERUM BILIRUBIN LEVEL OF PREMATURE INFANTS and MATURE NEWBORNS

ABSTRACT: Windorfer, A. Jr, Kunzer, W., Bolze, H., Ascher, K., Wilcken, F. and Hoehne, K. (University Children's Hospital, Freiburg i. Brg., West Germany). Studies on the effect of orally administered agar on the serum bilirubin level of premature infants and mature newborns. Acta Paediatr Scand, 64:699, 1975.–The effect of orally administered agar on the serum concentration of bilirubin was tested in 366 premature and newborn infants. For this purpose two different concentrations of agar were added to the milk for 8–10 days. On none of the groups tested did the serum level of bilirubin show a significant decrease after administration of agar. Therefore the attempt to lower the level of serum bilirubin in premature and newborn infants by inhibiting enteric reabsorption by means of adsorbents must be considered a failure.     

UMBILICAL ARTERY CATHETERIZATION IN NEWBORNS: IV. Strain-Gauge Plethysmography for the Diagnosis of Catheter-Related Thrombo-Embolism in the Legs

Abstract. Wesström, G. and Lassvik, C. (Departments of Paediatrics and Clinical Physiology, University Hospital, Linkoping, Sweden). Umbilical artery catheterization in newborns. IV. Strain-gauge plethysmography for the diagnosis of catheter-related thromboembolism in the legs. Acta Paediatr Scand, 69:365, 1980.—Strain-gauge plethysmography was performed shortly after withdrawal of the catheter in 48 of 49 newborn infants who had undergone umbilical artery catheterization. Plethysmography was used to find a non-invasive method for diagnosing catheter-related thrombo-embolism in neonates. The results were compared with the findings at angiography. The method permits simultaneous measurements of the systolic blood pressure and of the resting and submaximal blood flow in both legs. Nine infants showed angiographic signs of total or partial occlusion in one leg, and 8 of them were investigated with plethysmography. The systolic blood pressure was significantly reduced in infants with total and/or partial occlusion, but the blood flow was reduced only in infants with total occlusion. The peak now after suprasystolic occlusion was significantly oftener delayed in infants with thrombo-embolism in the leg.     

PARA-INFLUENZA PNEUMONIA IN DiGEORGE SYNDROME TWO YEARS AFTER THYMIC EPITHELIAL TRANSPLANTATION

Abstract. Beard, Lorraine J., Robertson, Evelyn F. and Thong, Y. H. (Department of Paediatrics, University of Adelaide and Department of Chemical Pathology, Adelaide Children's Hospital Inc.). Para-influenza pneumonia in DiGeorge syndrome two years after thymic epithelial transplantation. Acta Paediatr Scand 69:403, 1980.—A patient with DiGeorge syndrome developed pneumonia caused by para-influenza virus type 3 two years after immunological reconstitution with foetal thymic epithelium. There was a transient reduction of mitogen-induced lymphocyte transformation at the time of the pneumonia. Although she recovered from the pneumonia, bronchitis persisted and the virus could still be isolated from her pharyngeal secretions 3½ months later.     

Restrictions upon Epstein-Barr virus infection of the leukemic cell are demonstrated in patients with hairy cell leukemia

We tested the hypothesis that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) might actually infect leukemic hairy cells in vivo by examining those cells for the EBV-receptor, EBV nuclear antigen (EBNA) and membrane antigen (MA), for spontaneous transformation and rescue of infectious virus and for presence of EBV genome. EBV-receptors were found on subpopulations of leukemic cells from each of 7 patients with hairy cell leukemia (HCL) tested. MA was present on low numbers (1-5 per cent) of fresh leukemic cells of 7 patients and in some instances occurred with a greater frequency after 3 to 5 days in culture, with or without 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. In 11 fresh leukemic cell preparations from 8 HCL patients, no EBNA was demonstrated. However, 2 samples after 4 days in culture expressed low frequencies of EBNA-positive cells. Spontaneous, EBV-positive cell lines were established with a high transformation efficiency from 3 HCL blood samples but not from 8 other specimens. Infectious EBV could be rescued from some hairy leukemic cell preparations by co-cultivation with cord blood lymphocytes. These results demonstrated that leukemic cell populations harbored infectious EBV, that the leukemic cells expressed virus receptors and suggested that a small subpopulation of leukemic cells might become infected in vivo at least transiently and possibly transformed in vitro by EBV. To test for the extent of occult in vivo infection of leukemic cells with EBV, Southern type hybridization studies were performed with a probe for EBV genome (Bam HI W). At a sensitivity level of 0.1 genome per cell, EBV genome was not detected in the leukemic cell populations of 7 patients. We conclude that host defence mechanisms protecting these individuals from EBV also prevent infections of the leukemic cell and/or most hairy leukemic cells are not suitable targets for both infection and transformation.