Branched-Chain Amino Acids Supplementation Does Not Accelerate Recovery after a Change of Direction Sprinting Exercise Protocol

BCAAs supplementation has been widely used for post-exercise recovery. However, no evidence is currently available to answer the question of whether BCAAs supplementation can attenuate muscle damage and ameliorate recovery after a bout of change of direction (COD) sprinting, which is an exercise motion frequently used during team sport actions. This study aimed to assess the effect of BCAAs supplementation on muscle damage markers, subjective muscle soreness, neuromuscular performance, and the vascular health of collegiate basketball players during a 72 h recovery period after a standardized COD protocol. Participants orally received either BCAAs (0.17 g/kg BCAAs + 0.17 g/kg glucose) or placebo (0.34 g/kg glucose) supplementation before and immediately after a COD exercise protocol in a randomized, crossover, double-blind, and placebo-controlled manner. Creatine kinase increased immediately after exercise and peaked at 24 h, muscle soreness remained elevated until 72 h, whilst arterial stiffness decreased after exercise for both supplemented conditions. A negligibly lower level of interleukin-6 was found in the BCAAs supplemented condition. In conclusion, the results of this study do not support the benefits of BCAAs supplementation on mitigating muscle damage and soreness, neuromuscular performance, and arterial stiffness after COD for basketball players.     

Successful regenerative response of a severe bone defect in a right lower central incisor affected by a cemental tear

Cone‐beam computed tomography and clinical examinations including pulp vital testing and pocket probing depth showed a cemental tear with a severe labial alveolar bony defect, but no endodontic lesions, in #25, which had a sinus tract at the labial site, in a 75‐year‐old woman.     

不同骨缺损条件下的即刻与延期种植修复的临床应用评价

目的：评估即刻种植修复与延期种植修复在不同骨缺损状态下的远期疗效。方法：对80例患者的96枚种植体在不同骨缺损条件下的远期追踪观察（平均1-3年）,以种植体的稳定程度,牙龈形态色泽,唇侧骨丰满度,牙周袋的深度,及种植体与牙槽骨之间的X线影像等作为评价指标,通过采用即刻种植与延期种植技术及不同的植骨方式,评估即刻种植与延期种植的临床效果。结果：经过3年的临床观察,即刻种植与延期种植的临床成功率基本相同,Ⅳ,Ⅴ骨缺损种植牙颈部存在一定骨吸收（见表）。结论：在行使种植修复时（前牙尤其要注意美观）,选择好适应症,运用正确的植骨方式,种植方式,均能达到预期的临床效果,但值得注意的是：严重骨缺损处经植骨修复后存在骨吸收,这种趋势可能存在一定的延续性,还需观察。     

Wnt signaling in liver regeneration,disease, and cancer

The liver exhibits the highest recovery rate from acute injuries. However, in chronic liver disease, the long-term loss of hepatocytes often leads to adverse consequences such as fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. The Wnt signaling plays a pivotal role in both liver regeneration and tumorigenesis. Therefore, manipulating the Wnt signaling has become an attractive approach to treating liver disease, including cancer. Nonetheless, given the crucial roles of Wnt signaling in physiological processes, blocking Wnt signaling can also cause several adverse effects. Recent studies have identified cancer-specific regulators of Wnt signaling, which would overcome the limitation of Wnt signaling target approaches. In this review, we discussed the role of Wnt signaling in liver regeneration, precancerous lesion, and liver cancer. Furthermore, we summarized the basic and clinical approaches of Wnt signaling blockade and proposed the therapeutic prospects of cancer-specific Wnt signaling blockade for liver cancer treatment.     

影响人胰岛存活的关键基因及靶向保护方法探讨

目的  探讨影响人胰岛存活的关键基因及靶向保护方法。方法  采用生物信息学方法,在基因表达综合（GEO）数据库中经过筛选比对,选择基因表达谱（GSE53454）。使用GEO2R工具筛选出24、48、72 h 3个时间段暴露于白细胞介素（IL）-1β和干扰素（IFN）-γ的人胰岛处理组（暴露组）和非暴露组之间的差异表达基因（DEG）。使用DAVID进行基因本体（GO）和京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）富集分析。通过STRING和Cytoscape应用构建蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（PPI）网络。结果  共鉴定出69个上调的DEG和2个下调的DEG。GO分析结果显示,在生物过程中,DEG在对病毒的防御反应、炎症反应等方面富集;细胞成分中,DEG在细胞外隙、质膜外侧、细胞外区域显著富集;分子功能中,DEG在趋化因子活性、细胞因子活性方面显著富集。KEGG分析结果显示,DEG主要在细胞因子-细胞因子受体相互作用、病毒蛋白与细胞因子和细胞因子受体的相互作用等信号通路中富集。STRING分析结果选出了10个连接度较高的核心基因（STAT1、CXCL10、IRF1、IL6、CXCL9、CCL5、CXCL11、ISG15、CD274、IFIT3）,均在暴露于IL-1β和IFN-γ的人胰岛中显著上调。KEGG再富集发现6个基因（STAT1、CXCL10、CXCL9、CXCL11、CCL5、IL6）,主要在Toll样受体信号通路中显著富集。结论  STAT1、CXCL10、CXCL9、CXCL11、CCL5、IL6为影响人胰岛存活的关键基因,主要在Toll样受体信号通路中富集,是胰岛保护的重要靶点。     

神经再生素对皮层细胞基因表达影响的基因芯片研究

目的：采用基因芯片技术,观察神经再生素对体外培养的胚鼠大脑皮质细胞基因表达的影响。方法：取ICR胚鼠（15d)大脑皮层细胞,无血清培养。实验组加入神经再生素（2μg/ml）,对照组加入等量基础培养液。培养6h后,抽提实验组和对照组皮层细胞总RNA,经反转录分别用Cy5、Cy3荧光标记成cDNA探针。将荧光标记的cDNA与MGEC－40s基因表达谱芯片杂交,芯片扫描、数据处理。结果：实验组与对照组大脑皮质细胞出现64条差异性表达的基因。呈现上调的基因有：钙调素结合蛋白、锌指蛋白激酶、核糖体蛋白等基因;下调基因有：抑制细胞分裂因子等基因。结论：神经再生素可作用于体外培养的胚鼠大脑皮层细胞,从基因调控水平促进脑细胞生长。     

大鼠肝再生过程中碱性磷酸酶活性变化及其超微细胞化学研究

目的 研究2／3肝切除后大鼠肝再生过程中碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性的变化及其细胞定位。方法 利用比色法对AKP活性进行定量分析;用酶的原位复性电泳技术分析再生肝中AKP的种类和活性变化;用电镜细胞化学方法研究酶定位。结果 在肝部分切除后的肝再生期间,AKP出现两个活性高峰(16h和19h),在每个活性高峰后,AKP均有显著下降;获得3种肝型AKP同工酶(140、160和180kD),其中180kD的AKP只在肝再生过程中出现;随着肝再生的进展,AKP活性出现在细胞的不同部位。结论 AKP在肝再生过程中起重要作用,可能参与细胞代谢、物质转运、DNA合成和细胞分化。