黄芪注射液对冠心病病人心电图的影响

目的：观察黄芪注射液对冠心病病人心电图的影响。方法：冠心病６０例（男性４５例，女性１５例，年龄５４±ｓ１３ａ），采用黄芪注射液２０ｍＬ＋５％葡萄糖氯化钠注射液２５０ｍＬ，静脉滴注，ｑｄ，连用２ｗｋ。结果：治疗后心电图Ｐｔｆ－Ｖ１绝对值减小，缺血型ＳＴ－Ｔ明显改善。结论：黄芪注射液能明显改善冠心病心肌缺血之ＳＴ－Ｔ改变及左心功能不全所致的Ｐｔｆ－Ｖ１负值增大。     

Endolymphatic sac surgery: analysis of 100 operations*

One hundred endolymphatic mastoid shunt operations in 89 patients with classical Menière's disease were analysed. The disease was bilateral in 18 patients (20%). The patients were carefully pre-selected by a comprehensive protocol of audiovestibular and metabolic investigations. All patients had definite electrophysiological evidence of endolymphatic hydrops with an enhanced negative summating potential on transtympanic electrocochleography. The surgical results were analysed both by the original American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Guidelines (AAOO, 1972) and the more recent modifications of the American Academy of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (AA-HNS, 1985). Control of the vertigo was achieved in 81% of the patients overall, in 88% of the patients with unilateral disease and in 63% of the patients with bilateral disease. A significant hearing improvement was obtained in 19% of patients, no change in 55% and hearing became worse in 26%. Tinnitus improved in 38% of patients, was unchanged in 52% and became worse in 10%. Disability was assessed and there was no disability in 44% of the patients post-operatively, some degree of disability in 48% but only 8% were severely disabled and unable to sustain gainful employment.     

Evaluation of portal MR angiography using superparamagnetic iron oxide

The purpose of our research was to determine the effects of superparamagnetic iron oxide on MR imaging of the portal venous system. Eight piglets were examined in deep anaesthesia and respiratory arrest using a time-of-flight magnetic resonance fast low angle shot, two-dimensional angiography sequence at 1.5T. MR angiograms were acquired precontrast and after intravenous administration of a cumulative dose of 10, 20 and 40 μmol/kg SHU 555A, a superparamagnetic iron oxide contrast agent for MR imaging with a particle size of 60 nm. For each dose, two subsequent sets of scans were obtained and reconstructed by a maximum-intensity-projection algorithm. Hepatic parenchymal and portal venous signal intensities were measured, and portal vein contrast calculated for each set of scans. All examinations were visually rated as to portal vein contrast and homogeneity by two blinded observers. Receiver operating characteristics of both observers were analyzed. The contrast agent reduced hepatic parenchymal signal in a dose-dependent way. After a cumulative dose of 10 μmol iron oxide, hepatic parenchymal signal intensity decreased to 63 ± 6% (average of measurements at 4 and 14 minutes, mean ± standard error of the mean), after 20 μmol to 24 ± 3%, and after 40 μmol to 12 ± 1% of control. Intra-vascular signal in the left main portal vein branch increased to 117 ± 6%, 127 ± 10%, and 133 ± 9% of control, respectively. The contrast-to-noise ratio of the portal vein improved (521 ± 90%, 891 ± 178%, and 995 ± 201% of control in the left portal vein main branch). Intravascular signal intensities increased slightly. The combined effect improved contrast of the portal vein stem and its branches. Receiver operating characteristics analysis documented dose-dependency of contrast medium effects on portal venous contrast and intravascular homogeneity. Visual rating also indicated a positive effect on portal venous contrast. The superparamagnetic iron oxide agent improved portal venous contrast with surrounding hepatic parenchyma in this normal animal model, and could potentially result in more accurate diagnosis of portal venous pathology.     

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome virus infection in livers studied by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry

ＨｅｍｏｒｒｈａｇｉｃｆｅｖｅｒｗｉｔｈｒｅｎａｌｓｙｎｄｒｏｍｅｖｉｒｕｓｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎｉｎｌｉｖｅｒｓｓｔｕｄｉｅｄｂｙｉｎｓｉｔｕｈｙｂｒｉｄｉｚａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｉｍｍｕｎｏｈｉｓｔｏｃｈｅｍｉｓｔｒｙＹａｎｇＳｈｏｕｊｉｎｇ（杨守京）；Ｌ...     

New posture equilibrometer for the diagnosis of vestibular disease

Summary The vestibulospinal level of vestibular function is commonly neglected in the evaluation of vertiginous patients. We have now developed a new posture equilibrometer. A transducer is placed on the head of the subject being tested. With this meter we can record body swaying, X (left-right) and Y (fore-aft) components of angular displacement, angular velocity, and angular acceleration. A detailed analysis of the data can be made by having patients keep their eyes either open or closed during the Romberg test. The head is turned left or right in this test, while the eyes are opened and closed in the Mann test. The posture equilibrometer has enabled us to evaluate more precisely vestibulospinal function and sensory interactions. Offprint request to: N. C. Zhong     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者家庭支持与自我概念的相关性研究

目的 探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(慢阻肺)患者的家庭支持与自我概念的关系。方法 用方便抽样法选取108位慢阻肺患者，应用修订的个人资源问卷、自我概念量表和一般资料问卷分别测定其家庭支持、自我概念水平和一般资料。结果 该组患者家庭支持程度为中到高度，自我概念中度积极；家庭支持与总的自我概念呈中度正相关，与自我概念中的体感、自我一致性、理想自我及道德一伦理一精神自我有显著相关．与体象无关。结论 慢阻肺患者的家庭支持水平越高，其自我概念越积极。     

Pattern of renal dysfunction in analgesic nephropathy--comparison with glomerulonephritis.

Comprehensive renal function tests were performed in 84 patients with analgesic nephropathy, 33 glomerulonephritis patients matched for creatinine clearance, and 30 control subjects. A system of 1-day renal function tests including urine microscopy, creatinine clearance, phenolsulphonphthalein excretion, urine concentration and acidification, and electrolyte excretion, was used. Patients with analgesic nephropathy were found to have significant sterile pyuria and haematuria, even those with mild renal insufficiency, significantly reduced concentrating ability and a distal acidifying defect, and a tendency to impaired sodium conservation. These function defects are consistent with the primary lesion of renal papillary necrosis in analgesic nephropathy; the detection of these defects have implications in patient management.     

Urinary protein excretion and renal function in young people with diabetes mellitus.

To detect early renal involvement in young diabetic patients (IDDM), urinary protein excretion and renal function were examined in 110 patients aged 5.9-25.0 years. Clearances of inulin and PAH were determined as well as albumin (Alb), IgG, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and creatinine (Cr) excretion rates (UV). The patients were grouped according to IDDM duration (2- less than 5, 5-10 and greater than 10 years) and albumin excretion rate (non-albuminuria less than 20, microalbuminuria 20-200, and albuminuria greater than 200 micrograms/min per 1.73 m2). Four patients had overt albuminuria, 17 microalbuminuria (equally distributed among the duration groups). Grouped according to albumin excretion rate, the mean GFR was increased in those without albuminuria but 'normalized' in patients with microalbuminuria/albuminuria. Grouped according to albumin excretion rate and the duration of the disease, the non-albuminuric patients with IDDM for greater than 10 years had a lower GFR than those with a shorter duration of IDDM. The patients with microalbuminuria/albuminuria and IDDM for less than 5 years had a reduced GFR. Patients with increased NAG excretion rate had lower Na excretion rate, lower fractional Na excretion and greater creatinine excretion than those with normal NAG excretion. Albumin excretion correlated with IgG excretion, but also with NAG excretion. Our results suggest that early albuminuria in IDDM is of both glomerular and tubular origin. The hyperfiltration declines with increasing albumin excretion but also with the duration of the disease.     

Usefulness of antiendomysial antibodies as a serological marker in coeliac children

The new diagnostic criteria of coeliac disease (CD) give more importance to serological markers. Immunoglobulin A antiendomysial antibodies (IgA-EmA) were determined in 138 sera from 79 coeliac children and the antibody levels compared to IgG and IgA antigliadin antibodies (IgG-AGA, IgA-AGA) in the sera. The assessment was also carried out in 29 children with other gastrointestinal diseases, 29 with non-gastrointestinal diseases and 35 healthy children. The IgA-EmA had a 91.4% specificity and a 88.4% sensitivity for active CD. The corresponding figures were 89.8% and 64.4% for IgA-AGA and 73.7% and 86.2% for IgG-AGA, respectively. The results of IgA-EmA determinations were concordant with the intestinal biopsy findings in 90% of cases, versus 80% for IgA-AGA and 83% for IgG-AGA. In most of the discordant cases the biopsy showed only minor changes, making the classification difficult. All patients with positive IgA₂-EmA also had positive IgA₁ EmA antibodies. IgA-EmA are an excellent serological marker of CD activity in children and they are useful to decrease the number of intestinal biopsies which are needed to confirm the diagnosis in coeliac patients.