Functional inhibition and release: unilateral tachistoscopic performance and stereoelectroencephalographic activity in a case with left limbic status epilepticus

During prolonged nonconvulsive unilateral left limbic status epilepticus, a natural model of functional hemispheric inhibition, we performed two tachistoscopic experiments, a lexical decision task associated with a RVF (left hemisphere) superiority and a facial matching task associated with a LVF (right hemisphere) superiority. We found that epileptic activity in the left hemisphere, especially rhythmic high-frequency "tonic" discharges, inhibited performance on the lexical task but not on the facial matching task. This suggests that only cognitive activity in the discharging hemisphere is inhibited. Strikingly, the best performance of the right hemisphere was obtained while the left hemisphere was most inhibited, suggesting a functional balance of inhibition and release.     

ER "capture" of the skid-row alcoholic

In response to the spiraling anger and frustration voiced by the emergency room (ER) medical staff and the observed negative interactions between the alcohol-dependent patient and the ER staff, the author completed a 6-month retrospective review of all patients evaluated by the ER service with a complaint of alcohol abuse, chronic alcoholism, or requesting detoxification. As a result of that study, an ER-based comprehensive approach to the management of this population was proposed. Utilizing an existing Connecticut state statute, a specific approach to manage the skid-row alcoholic arriving repeatedly in the ER was developed. I report on this ER-based model and an approach to "capturing" the skid-row alcoholic.     

尿微量蛋白检测在诊断糖尿病肾病早期损伤中的意义

目的：浅析糖尿病肾病早期诊断的方法。方法：采用免疫速率散射比浊法检测尿微量白蛋白（MA）。转铁蛋白（TRU）。免疫球蛋白G（IgU)和a1-微球蛋白（A1M）。结果：尿蛋白阴性的糖尿病患者MA,TRU,IgU,A1M较对照组增高（P＜0．01）。尿蛋白定性阳性的糖尿病患者MA,TRU,IgU,A1M较阴性组显著增高（P＜0．01）。单项及双项检测MA,TRU,IgU,A1M四项指标阳性率较低,而将这四项指标同时检测阳性率达92％。结论：同时检测尿MA,TRU,IgU,A1M是诊断糖尿病肾病早期损伤的灵敏、可靠指标。     

中国6个KM小鼠群体外形形态特征调查

对来自我国南方6个科研机构饲养的KM小鼠的外形进行了调查,测量了成年KM小鼠（每个机构20♂,20♀）的体全长、尾长和头体长3个主要外形指标。结果显示：各群体间在这3项指标上存在着不同程度的差异,表明中国KM小鼠的外形特征出现了一定程度的种群分化。     

Cytokine regulation of Group II phospholipase A2 expression in glomerular mesangial cells

Phospholipase A₂ (PLA₂) is believed to play an essential role in inflammatory processes by releasing arachidonic acid from membrane phospholipids for synthesis of important lipid mediators, such as prostaglandins, leukotrienes and platelet activating factor.We have used glomerular mesangial cells as a model system to study the regulation of PLA₂ under inflammatory conditions. Potent pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin 1 (IL-1) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF), as well as agents that increase cellular cAMP levels have been found to increase Group II PLA₂ gene expression in a time- and dose-dependent manner.     

Hemodynamic differences between carvedilol and labetalol in the cutaneous circulation

The effects of labetalol and carvedilol on local cutaneous microvascular perfusion and calculated local cutaneous microvascular resistance were investigated in anesthetized rats at submaximal doses that produced equivalent reductions in blood pressure and heart rate. Labetalol decreased cutaneous perfusion (– 25% ± 3%) without significantly affecting cutaneous vascular resistance ( – 6% ± 3%). In marked contrast, carvedilol dramatically increased cutaneous perfusion ( + 64% ± 9%) and significantly reduced cutaneous vascular resistance ( – 57% ± 3%). These results suggest that carvedilol and labetalol possess differences in the mechanisms by which they produce vasodilation in vivo.     

结核分枝杆菌DNA两种提取方法比较

目的 :比较能够满足内切酶分析的结核分枝杆菌染色体DNA提取的两种方法 ,并结合实验室条件加以改进。方法 :称取结核分枝杆菌培养物 ,灭活后以溶菌酶和蛋白酶K消化后 ,分别以CTAB/NaCl和酚 /氯仿 /异戊醇 (2 5∶2 4∶1)抽提 ,无水乙醇沉淀 ,紫外分光光度计测定DNA的含量。结果 :酚抽提法和CTAB抽提法提取的基因组DNA的得率分别为0 47± 0 0 71,0 41± 0 10 (‰ ,W/W )。A2 60 /A2 80 的值分别为 1 83± 0 12 ,1 89± 0 0 72。结论 :用CTAB/NaCl抽提结核分枝杆菌基因组DNA均能满足内切酶及杂交操作的要求 ,酚抽提法得率稍高 ,但无统计学意义。CTAB法污染少 ,省时省材 ,可代替酚抽提DNA。     

Periventricular- intraventricular hemorrhage in the premature infant- A historical perspective

The objective of this chapter is to trace the evolution of intraventricular hemorrhage in the premature infant highlighting the importance of the germinal matrix, a critical role for cerebral blood flow changes in the genesis of hemorrhage, clinical factors that increase the bleeding risk, and potential preventative strategies. In 1976, neuropathological studies demonstrated capillary rupture within the germinal matrix as the precursor of hemorrhage. In 1980, introduction of cranial ultrasound facilitated diagnosis of intraventricular hemorrhage. In 1979, loss of cerebral autoregulation in sick newborn infants was demonstrated. In the 1980’s, studies demonstrated the importance of intravascular factors in provoking hemorrhage. In 1983, the association of cerebral blood flow velocity fluctuations and subsequent hemorrhage was demonstrated. In 1994, antenatal steroids use to accelerate lung development was recommended. This was associated with an unanticipated reduction in hemorrhage. In the mid 1990’s early indomethacin administration was associated with a reduction of severe hemorrhage.