Glucose preferences in wild and domestic guinea pigs

Male wild (Cavia aperea) and domestic (C. porcellus) guinea pigs were tested in two-bottle choice tests for preferences between glucose solutions of different concentrations and de-ionized water. Wild males showed significant preferences for concentrations between 0.025 and 0.4 M glucose while domestic males preferred only the 0.2 M glucose solution to de-ionized water. C. aperea males also consumed significantly greater volumes of liquid per kg body $\text{wt.}{}^{\mathrm{<mtext>3</mtext><mtext>4</mtext>}}$ during the glucose tests than did the C. porcellus males. These comparative results contrast sharply with those obtained by other authors with wild and domestic Norway rats.     

Origin of efferent fibers of the vestibular apparatus in goldfish. A horseradish peroxidase study

After injecting a horseradish peroxidase (HRP) solution into the vestibular apparatus in goldfish (Carassius auratus), cells in the medulla oblongata exhibited retrogradely transported HRP reaction product. These labeled cells were confined to 3 nuclei, i.e. the nucleus motorius tegmenti of Bartelmez (with the most prominent labeled cell groups), the ventral vestibular nucleus (Dieter's nucleus) and the medial vestibular nucleus. We consider these labeled cells to be the origin of the efferent innervation to the vestibular apparatus in goldfish. Neurons providing efferent innervation to the sensory periphery in the nucleus motorius tegmenti have, as yet, not been described.     

Ribosomal binding sites on poliovirus RNA

Eucaryotic ribosome binding sites on type 1 poliovirus RNA were obtained by isolation of T1 RNase-resistant RNA fragments from 80 S ribosomes that had been bound under conditions specific for initiation of translation and prevented from translocation with sparsomycin. The fragments were analyzed by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Three ribosome-protected (RP) oligonucleotides and several non-ribosomal-protein-protected (NP) oligonucletides were analyzed. Secondary T1 digestion of the RP fragments revealed that at least three separate species existed. By comparison of these secondary digests to T1 digests of RNaseIII fragments mapped on the polio RNA, and by electron microscopic observation of ribosomes bound to polio RNA, preferred ribosome binding sites were localized to near 115 bases from the 5′ end, just to the 3′ side of midgenome, and 780 bases from the 3′ end.     

A sleep disturbance in high risk for SIDS infants

A developmentally immature sleep pattern has been identified in infants with a recent history of an unexplained life-threatening episode of sleep apnoea who are considered at risk for SIDS. In these infants there is a persistence of Sleep Onset REM Periods (SOREMPS) after prolonged wakefulness when compared to controls matched for age, sex, birthweight and race. This sleep characteristic has not been previously reported.     

Aussagekraft der präoperativen Thrombozytenmarkierung bei Patienten mit idiopathischer thrombozytopenischer Purpura

Summary ⁵¹Cr-platelet kinetic studies were performed in 77 patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. The sequestration site was splenic for 63, splenic/hepatic for 7 or hepatic for remaining 7 patients. In 20 patients platelet survival was extremely shortened to 0–3 h, whereas only 26 patients had a survival time of more than 24 h. Those patients with low platelet counts also had a very short platelet survival time, whereas patients with higher platelet counts (>50×10⁹/l) had longer platelet survival times. 51 patients (66%) were splenectomized following the kinetic studies. 25 patients who had a splenic sequestration site had normalized platelet counts and 6 patients had platelet counts between 80–149×10⁹/l 12 months after splenectomy (i.e. in 92% of cases with splenic sequestration site a full or partial remission). Of the 11 patients with a hepatic or splenic/hepatic sequestration site, 2 patients had full remission, 1 partial remission, 3 patients had minimal improvement and 5 other patients were treatment failures in respect to the splenectomy.

---

Abkürzungen ACD-A Acid-Citrat-Dextrose Lösung A - HBsAge Hepatitis-B Oberflächen-Antigen - ITP idiopathische thrombozytopenische Purpura - PAIgG plättchenassoziierte IgG-Antikörper - TRP thrombozytenreiches Plasma     

The effect of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate on hormone-induced differentiation of rat parotid gland in organ culture

Parotid glands of 5-day-old rats were maintained in DM-153 synthetic, serum-free medium in organ culture for 24 to 48 hr. Differentiation of acinar cells in vitro, as revealed by an increase in amylase activity in the gland and in the culture fluid, as well as by the immunocytochemical demonstration of amylase in the acinar cells, was accelerated by insulin, prednisolone, and l-thyroxine added to the culture medium. The potent tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (10^?7M) inhibited both the unstimulated and hormone-stimulated differentiation of the gland without causing cellular degeneration or necrosis.     

The synthesis of coliphage T1 DNA: Degradation of the host chromosome

T1 derives most of the thymine for synthesis of its DNA from the host DNA. Nevertheless, degradation of host DNA to acid-soluble products cannot be observed even when synthesis of phage DNA is inhibited. The methods of inhibition were infection of a nonpermissive host with amber mutants with a DO (no DNA synthesis) phenotype, infection of a nonpermissive host with an amber mutant with a DA (DNA synthesis arrest) phenotype, shift to a nonpermissive temperature after infection with a ts mutant with a DO phenotype, and addition of nalidixic acid. We conclude that degradation of the host chromosome is linked to ongoing synthesis of phage DNA. During T1's development cycle, the bacterial nuclear region maintains a normal appearance by electron microscopy. Filling and filled phage heads are observed chiefly near the boundary of the nuclear region.