消瘤方加减治疗化疗后正虚痰凝型弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤60例临床观察

目的观察消瘤方加减对化疗后正虚痰凝型弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)患者生活质量、肿瘤负荷情况及机体免疫的影响。方法收集化疗4~6个疗程结束临床评估为完全缓解或不确定的完全缓解的DLBCL患者60例,随机分为对照组与治疗组各30例。两组患者均遵医嘱随访观察定期复查,入组后每个月进行1次随访。治疗组在此基础上予消瘤方加减口服,2周为1个疗程,共治疗6个疗程。对比两组患者治疗前后中医症状积分、生活质量(EORTC-QLQ-C30)评分、KPS评分、肿瘤负荷指标[包括乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、β2-微球蛋白(β2-MG)]、免疫球蛋白[包括免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)]水平,并判定中医证候疗效、生活质量疗效,计算复发率。结果治疗组中医证候疗效总有效率为96.67%,明显优于对照组的33.3%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组无复发,对照组复发率为16.67%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组生活质量疗效中好转率(80.00%)高于对照组(13.33%),治疗组恶化率(0)低于对照组(6.67%,P<0.01)。与本组治疗前比较,治疗后治疗组疲倦、恶心呕吐、气促、失眠、食欲不振、便秘评分,中医症状积分,LDH、β2-MG水平均明显降低,社会功能、情绪功能、躯体功能、角色功能、总体健康状况评分,IgA、IgG、IgM水平均明显升高(P<0.05);对照组中医症状积分明显降低(P<0.05),其余指标差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组各指标差值比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论消瘤方加减可以有效改善化疗后正虚痰凝型DLBCL患者中医证候,提高生活质量及机体免疫力,有效降低肿瘤负荷指标,并可减少复发。     

Breast Implant–Associated ALCL: A Unique Entity in the Spectrum of CD30+ Lymphoproliferative Disorders

CD30⁺ lymphoproliferative disorders represent a spectrum of diseases with distinct clinical phenotypes ranging from reactive conditions to aggressive systemic anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)⁻ anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). In January 2011, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced a possible association between breast implants and ALCL, which was likened to systemic ALCL and treated accordingly. We analyzed existing data to see if implant-associated ALCL (iALCL) may represent a distinct entity, different from aggressive ALCL. We conducted a systematic review of publications regarding ALCL and breast implantation for 1990–2012 and contacted corresponding authors to obtain long-term follow-up where available. We identified 44 unique cases of iALCL, the majority of which were associated with seroma, had an ALK⁻ phenotype (97%), and had a good prognosis, different from the expected 40% 5-year survival rate of patients with ALK⁻ nodal ALCL (one case remitted spontaneously following implant removal; only two deaths have been reported to the FDA or in the scientific literature since 1990). The majority of these patients received cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone with or without radiation, but radiation alone also resulted in complete clinical responses. It appears that iALCL demonstrates a strong association with breast implants, a waxing and waning course, and an overall good prognosis, with morphology, cytokine profile, and biological behavior similar to those of primary cutaneous ALCL. Taken together, these data are suggestive that iALCL may start as a reactive process with the potential to progress and acquire an aggressive phenotype typical of its systemic counterpart. A larger analysis and prospective evaluation and follow-up of iALCL patients are necessary to definitively resolve the issue of the natural course of the disease and best therapeutic approaches for these patients.     

CTOP方案治疗恶性淋巴瘤疗效观察

目的:观察CTOP方案治疗恶性淋巴瘤的疗效。方法:应用CTOP方案治疗我院收治的32例恶性淋巴瘤患者,2个疗程后评价疗效。结果:32例恶性淋巴瘤患者,其中弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤20例,套细胞淋巴瘤6例,T细胞性淋巴瘤4例,伯基特淋巴瘤2例,均为初治病人。予CTOP方案治疗2疗程,结果 CR 50%(16例),PR 25%(8例),总有效率为75%(24例)。毒副反应中骨髓抑制为中度,胃肠道反应轻微。心脏毒性表现为心律失常、ST-T改变等,停药后均可恢复。肝肾毒性轻微。结论:CTOP方案是治疗恶性淋巴瘤的有效方案,可作为一线方案在临床应用。     

HIV‐associated primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma: a clinicopathological subset with more aggressive behavior? Case report and review of the literature

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected patients carry an increased risk of lymphomagenesis. Although the majority of HIV‐related lymphomas have a B‐cell phenotype, the incidence of peripheral T‐cell lymphomas (PTCL), including primary cutaneous subtypes, may be up to 15‐fold higher than in the general population, with anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCL) accounting for 18–28% of HIV‐associated PTCL. In contrast to systemic ALCL, the relation between HIV infection and primary cutaneous ALCL has been relatively neglected in the literature. We report the case of a primary cutaneous ALCL occurring in a 76‐year‐old patient with advanced HIV infection, and showing unusually aggressive course. Neither ALK1 immunohistochemical positivity nor evidence of EBV infection were detected; staging procedures at initial presentation ruled out systemic involvement. We provide a summary of the literature regarding primary cutaneous ALCL in HIV‐infected patients. We draw attention to clinicopathological features, prognostic implications and therapeutic quandaries of HIV‐related primary cutaneous ALCL. Further, we propose that a significant fraction of HIV‐associated cases might represent a more aggressive subset of primary cutaneous ALCL.     

EBV+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma arising within atrial myxoma in Chinese immunocompetent patient

The incidence rate of Primary cardiac lymphoma is very low. Primary cardiac lymphoma within myxoma is extremely rare disease. So far, these cases have been reported only eight in the world, which has not reported in Chinese so far. Hence, we reported the unique Chinese case of 52-year-old immunocompetent male with primary Epstein-Barr virus positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma arising within atrial myxoma, and had no evidence of systemic lymphoma. The patient presented right sided body numbness, arm weakness no incentive and mouth twitch. A transthoracic echocardiogram revealed a large intraatrial mass, attached to the left atrial wall. The mass was removed by open thoracic surgery and subsequently diagnosed as malignant diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with myxoma by histopathology. This was the fourth case of discovered Epstein-Barr virus positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in a cardiac myxoma reported so far. The patient has been well by followed up for 5 months without chemotherapy. Now we discuss the importance of histodiagnosis and the proper treatment. Epstein-Barr virus positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma arising within atrial myxoma is an extraordinary lymphoma for better prognosis, avoiding excessive treatment.     

Bone marrow biopsies do not impact response assessment for follicular lymphoma patients treated on clinical trials

Clinical trials enrolling follicular lymphoma (FL) patients typically require bone marrow biopsies (BMBs) at baseline and at a subsequent point if complete response is achieved. These procedures are painful, take time and add cost. We hypothesized that BMBs do not provide information significant for response assessment in most follicular lymphoma patients on clinical trials. We identified 99 patients treated on clinical trials for follicular lymphoma between 2000 and 2016. BMBs resulted in a possible response assessment change in 1·0% of patients (95% confidence interval: 0·0–5·5%). We conclude that mandatory BMBs at baseline and for response assessment are unnecessary in clinical trials for follicular lymphoma.     

Molecular biology of mantle cell lymphoma: From profiling studies to new therapeutic strategies

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a well-defined lymphoid malignancy characterized by a rapid clinical evolution and poor response to current therapeutic protocols. The hallmark genetic alteration of MCL is the t(11;14)(q13;32) chromosomal translocation that leads to the overexpression of cyclin D1. Recently, new molecular alterations of major importance in the pathogenic mechanisms of this disease have been discovered, and have revealed the biological heterogeneity of MCL. The first section of our review discusses our current understanding of the molecular biology of this entity according to recent information from comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and expression profiling studies, which are leading to the identification of several druggable targets. In the second section we revise new therapeutic strategies based on new drug families that target key molecular pathways of major relevance in this malignancy. We analyze emerging agents that are already producing significant results in different models of human cancers, including MCL. Based on the current knowledge and recent studies, we suggest that the encouraging results described here should provide a rationale platform for the design of new treatments that may overcome the resistance of this aggressive lymphoma to conventional therapy and improve patient prognosis.