中成药如何进入欧盟市场

本文通过对欧盟植物药市场及管理现状的研究，提出了目前中成药进入欧盟市场的两大突破口——传统草药形式和饮食补充剂形式。并围绕中成药如何以这两种形式进入欧盟市场展开论述，以期抛砖引玉，对我国欲开拓欧盟市场的中药企业提供一些思路和参考。     

止眩颗粒对瘀血阻络复制的家兔CSA模型TCD的影响

目的:探讨止眩颗粒对家兔椎动脉型颈椎病(CSA)模型TCD的影响及作用机理。方法:采用瘀血阻络的方法在家兔左侧颈夹肌及头夹肌内注入瘀血9ml,造成局部气血运行受阻,椎动脉供血不足,复制CSA模型。胃肠灌注止眩颗粒、西比灵,通过经颅骨多普勒(TCD)观察药物对模型的影响及作用。结果:止眩颗粒组、西比灵组基底动脉(BA)收缩期血液速度(PEAK)较CSA模型组2周明显增快,有显著性差异;与模型组4周比较,有极显著性差异。止眩颗粒组BA的平均血液速度(MEAN)、舒张期血液速度(DIAS)与模型组4周比较,有极显著性差异。止眩颗粒组LVA、RVA的PEAK、DIAS、MEAN较模型组2周、4周明显增快,有显著或极显著性差异。西比灵LVA的PEAK、DIAS与模型组2周比较,RVA的DIAS、MEAN与模型组2周、4周比较,明显增快,有显著性差异。止眩颗粒组BA的MEAN、LVA的PEAK较西比灵组明显增快,有显著性或极显著性差异。结论:止眩颗粒是通过扩张家兔BA、LVA、RVA,解除血管痉挛,增加血流速度,显著改善脑循环来发挥疗效的,在对家兔TCD的改善上优于西比灵。     

中药穴位注射加CO_2激光照射对大鼠子宫内膜炎的病理形态学及免疫功能的影响

目的:观察中药穴位注射加CO2激光照射对大鼠子宫内膜炎的病理形态学及免疫功能的影响并探索作用机制。方法:建立大鼠子宫内膜炎模型,模型动物根据取穴不同分为三阴交、足三里、后会(位于17椎下,相当人类的次髎穴)三个治疗组与相应对照组,治疗组给予中药“盆腔Ⅰ号”穴位注射,并施以CO2激光穴区照射,对照组仅给予生理盐水穴位注射。结果:各穴位治疗组与相应对照组比较,子宫内膜炎变程度明显减轻,经Ridit分析,差异有显著性;子宫内膜上皮细胞超微结构观察显示,治疗组上皮细胞内的细胞器形态及分布基本正常,而对照组有不同程度的病理变化。免疫指标测定显示,IgG、IgA、T细胞百分率、淋巴细胞转化率、中性细胞吞噬率、吞噬指数,治疗组较对照组有明显提高(P<0.05或P<0.01)结论:中药穴位注射加CO2激光照射能够有效治疗大鼠子宫内膜炎,调整与改善免疫功能是其可能机制。     

中药防治动脉粥样硬化研究现状述评

简要评述中药防治动脉粥样硬化的研究现状，研究证实多种中药通过调节脂质代谢、保护血管内皮细胞、抑制脂质过氧化、抑制血管平滑肌增殖、调节增殖与凋亡之间的平衡、抗炎症反应等一系列途径和环节，干预和治疗由A軎病变所引起的心脑血管疾病。     

微波煎煮中药方剂的实验研究

目的评估使用微波技术煎煮中药方剂的可行性。方法以煎出液的相对密度、pH值和紫外吸收度作为评价煎出效果的指标,用一般线性模型考察煎煮火力(文火、武火)、煎煮时间(10 m in,20 m in)和煎煮用具(电火锅,微波炉)等因素对方剂煎出效果的影响。结果以UV吸收度作为评价煎出效果的指标,GLM显示有较好煎出效果的因素是:文火(P=0.001),20 m in(P=0.018),微波炉(P=0.006)。结论微波技术适用于中药汤剂的制备。     

甲壳质及其衍生物在中药制剂中的应用

目的 :对甲壳质及其衍生物在中药制剂中的应用进行回顾。方法 :查阅国内有关资料进行综述。结果 :甲壳质及其衍生物在中药制剂中可作为澄清剂及新型辅料。结论 :甲壳质及其衍生物在中药制剂中有着广泛的应用和研究前景。     

葛根中药复方对妊娠糖尿病大鼠治疗的结局分析

目的:研究葛根中药复方对妊娠期糖尿病大鼠的治疗作用。方法:采用四氧嘧啶(alloxan,ALX)建立糖尿病妊娠大鼠动物模型,葛根中药复方糖尿病妊娠治疗组(13例)予中药复方1 mL/100 g体重灌胃,糖尿病妊娠大鼠未治疗组(12例)和正常妊娠大鼠10例作为对照。观察各组妊娠10、15、20 d血糖、妊娠20 d孕鼠血HPL、E3的水平;各组胎鼠平均身长、体重,畸形发生数。结果:中药复方治疗组与糖尿病未治疗组相比:妊娠10、15、20 d空腹血糖均有明显降低。各组妊娠20 d血E3、HPL水平无明显差异。妊娠20 d葛根中药复方治疗组与未治疗组比较胎鼠平均身长、体重有明显改善。各组均无畸形胎儿发生。结论:葛根中药复方对妊娠期糖尿病大鼠有良好的治疗作用,对妊娠糖尿病有潜在的应用前景。     

关节腔灌注骨肽加中药熏蒸治疗股骨头缺血性坏死14例

目的：观察关节腔灌注加中药熏蒸治疗股骨头缺血性坏死的疗效，力求保护修复坏死股骨头关节面，提高患者生活质量。方法：14例患者给予关节腔灌注骨肽加中药熏蒸治疗，7天为1个疗程，连续治疗3个疗程后进行评价。结果：治疗前、后患者疼痛指数、关节活动度评定得分间差别有显著性意义（P〈0．01）。结论：关节腔灌注骨肽加中药熏蒸治疗股骨头缺血性坏死能改善患者的关节功能，加快肌力恢复，缩短康复疗程，提高保守治疗效果及生存质量。     

Natural sources of antidyslipidaemic agents: is there an evidence-based approach for their prescription?

Numerous randomized clinical trials, systematic reviews and meta-analyses have confirmed the antidyslipidaemic activity of different dietary supplements, nutraceuticals and herbal remedies. International guidelines for cardiovascular disease prevention have begun to consider dietary supplements as an evidence-based approach to improve patients’ plasma lipid levels. They already suggest to increasing or supplementing the dietary intake of soluble fibre (especially psyllium), soy proteins, plant sterols, niacin, and fish oil. Among the nutraceuticals, mevacoline and policosanol are both able to reduce plasma LDL-C by a mean of 20%. A preliminary clinical study of berberine has shown it to be the most powerful antihyperlipidaemic natural compound, reducing plasma LDL-C by 25% and triglycerides by 35%. Among the herbal remedies, several placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials have confirmed the anti-Numerous randomized clinical trials, systematic reviews and meta-analyses have confirmed the antidyslipidaemic activity of different dietary supplements, nutraceuticals and herbal remedies. International guidelines for cardiovascular disease prevention have begun to consider dietary supplements as an evidence-based approach to improve patients’ plasma lipid levels. They already suggest to increasing or supplementing the dietary intake of soluble fibre (especially psyllium), soy proteins, plant sterols, niacin, and fish oil. Among the nutraceuticals, mevacoline and policosanol are both able to reduce plasma LDL-C by a mean of 20%. A preliminary clinical study of berberine has shown it to be the most powerful antihyperlipidaemic natural compound, reducing plasma LDL-C by 25% and triglycerides by 35%. Among the herbal remedies, several placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials have confirmed the antihypercholesterolaemic, and antihypertriglyceridaemic properties of aged garlic powder, artichoke leaf extracts, guggul, and fenugreek. Single small clinical trials have also suggested that Korean ginseng, green tea, onion, yarrow, holy basil and arjun have an antihypercholesterolaemic effect.     

Herbal mixtures in the traditional medicine of eastern Cuba

Herbal mixtures in the traditional medicine of Eastern Cuba. Traditional herbal mixtures in Eastern Cuba are investigated through interviews with 130 knowledgeable people and traditional healers of the provinces of Santiago de Cuba and Guantánamo. One hundred seventy plant species and other products are used in 199 formulas, galones being the more complex. Cocos nucifera L. (Arecaceae), Bidens pilosa L. (Asteraceae), Cissus sicyoides L. (Vitaceae), Erythroxylum havanense Jacq. (Erythroxylaceae) and Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl. (Verbenaceae) are the species most frequently cited. The ecological distribution of the taxa and cultural and anthropological aspects of mixtures are highlighted; particularly American and African influences that have shaped local knowledge about plant combinations are discussed.