克氏针内固定加中药熏洗治疗掌指骨骨折术后功能恢复随访分析

目的 探讨克氏针内固定加中药熏洗治疗掌指骨骨折的疗效及对术后功能恢复的影响。方法 收集我院手外科收治的掌指骨骨折患者60例,随机分为观察组和对照组各30例。两组均行切开复位克氏针内固定手术治疗,术后观察组在进行功能锻炼的同时配合中药熏洗治疗,对照组仅进行功能锻炼。术后随访6—12个月,比较两组术后关节功能恢复情况。结果 与对照组比较,观察组骨折愈合时问短（t=5．48）,术后并发症发生率低（X^2=5．48）,住院时问短（t=5．48）,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。根据Harris髋关节功能评分的标准评价两组术后手指功能恢复情况,观察组术后手指功能恢复优良率显著优于对照组（x。=5．48,P〈0．05）。结论 应用克氏针内固定治疗掌指骨骨折术后功能锻炼配合中药熏洗疗法的效果明显优于单纯术后功能锻炼,可以最大程度地恢复手指关节的功能。     

Effects of herbal and dietary supplements on cognition in menopause: a systematic review

Objective

Many postmenopausal women use herbal remedies and dietary supplements to counteract menopausal symptoms, including the decline in cognitive function. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the evidence regarding the efficacy of herbal and dietary supplements on cognition in menopause.

Design

Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of herbal medicines and dietary supplements were identified using the Medline, EMBASE, AMED, PsycINFO, CINAHL and The Cochrane Library 2010 (Issue 2) electronic databases and by hand searches. Data were independently extracted and evaluated by two reviewers. Risk of bias was assessed by two independent reviewers using the Cochrane Collaboration tool.

Results

Twelve RCTs were included and five of these suggest that isoflavone, soy and Gingko biloba supplementation may improve cognition in postmenopausal women. However, most of the included studies had serious methodological flaws which demand a cautious interpretation of these findings.

Conclusions

The evidence that herbal and dietary supplements might positively affect the cognitive decline during the menopause is not compelling.     

Hepatotoxicity from green tea: a review of the literature and two unpublished cases

Purpose  To review the current literature on suspected green tea-related hepatic reactions and to describe two new cases reported within the framework of the Italian surveillance system of natural health products. Results  A literature search of publication between 1999 and October 2008 retrieved 34 cases of hepatitis. Histological examination of the liver revealed inflammatory reactions, cholestasis, occasional steatosis, and necrosis. A positive dechallenge was reported in 29 cases. There was one reported death. A positive rechallenge occurred in seven cases (20%). In the two new cases, the causality assessment was judged as “possible” according to the RUCAM score. Conclusions  Our analysis of the published case reports suggests a causal association between green tea and liver damage. The hepatotoxicity is probably due to (-)-epigallocatechin gallate or its metabolites which, under particular conditions related to the patient’s metabolism, can induce oxidative stress in the liver. In a few cases, toxicity related to concomitant medications could also be involved.     

Are there new therapeutic options for treating lung cancer based on herbal medicines and their metabolites?

ETHONOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Lung cancer is one of the most lethal cancers in terms of mortality and incidence worldwide. Despite intensive research and investigation, treatment of lung cancer is still unsatisfactory due to adverse effects and multidrug resistance. Recently, herbal drugs have been recognized as one of attractive approaches for lung cancer therapy with little side effects. Furthermore, there are evidences that various herbal medicines have proven to be useful and effective in sensitizing conventional agents, prolonging survival time, preventing side effects of chemotherapy, and improving quality of life (QoL) in lung cancer patients. AIM AND METHODS OF THE STUDY: Nevertheless, the underlying molecular targets and efficacy of herbal medicines in lung cancer treatment still remain unclear. Thus, we reviewed traditionally used herbal medicines and their phytochemicals with antitumor activity against lung cancer from peer-reviewed papers through Scientific Database Medline, Scopus and Google scholar. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that herbal medicines and phytochemicals can be useful anti-cancer agents for lung cancer treatment by targeting molecular signaling involved in the regulation of angiogenesis, metastasis and severe side effects, only provided quality control and reproducibility issues were solved.     

Medical pluralism on Mfangano Island: use of medicinal plants among persons living with HIV/AIDS in Suba District, Kenya

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Given the increasing coverage of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV/AIDS treatment as well as the high utilization of herbal medicine, many persons living with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa are thought to practice medical pluralism, or the adoption of more than one medical system for their care and treatment. Using a cross-sectional study we sought to document and identify the herbal medicines used by persons living with HIV/AIDS on Mfangano Island, Suba District, Nyanza Province, Kenya.

Materials and methods

We interviewed herbalists and knowledgeable mothers to obtain information regarding medicinal plants, particularly for HIV/AIDS-related symptoms, HIV/AIDS, and chira (an illness concept with similarities to HIV/AIDS regarding sexual transmission and wasting symptoms). Using systematic sampling, 67 persons living with HIV/AIDS (49 of whom were receiving ART) were selected from an Mfangano Island health clinic and participated in semi-structured interviews.

Results

Interviews with herbalists and mothers identified 40 plant species in 37 genera and 29 families that a person with HIV/AIDS or chira could use for herbal remedies. Overall, 70.1% of persons living with HIV/AIDS had used medicinal plants after HIV diagnosis, most commonly to treat symptoms related to HIV/AIDS. In addition to common vegetables and fruits that can serve medicinal purposes, Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (Meliaceae), Carissa edulis (Forssk.) Vahl (Apocynaceae), and Ximenia americana L. (Olacaceae) were the most frequently cited medicinal plants used by persons living with HIV/AIDS.

Conclusions

Collaboration and communication between biomedical clinicians and herbalists should be encouraged given high rates of concomitant ART-herb usage. Pharmacological, toxicological, and ART-herb interaction studies based on the plants identified in this study and their constituent ingredients should be considered.     

密集性温针灸结合中药薰洗治疗强直性脊柱炎体会

目的:观察密集性温针灸结合中药薰洗治疗强直性脊柱炎的临床疗效。方法:选择52例强直性脊柱炎患者随机分成治疗组及对照组,治疗组用密集性温针灸结合中药薰洗的方法,对照组用常规单纯针刺疗法,治疗时间相同,比较治疗组和对照组疗效的差异。结果:治疗组的治愈率及有效率明显高于对照组。结论:密集性温针灸结合中药熏洗可更好地治疗强直性脊柱炎。     

硫酰氟杀灭德国小蠊的熏蒸剂量研究

目的计算硫酰氟杀灭德国小蠊成虫和卯的熏蒸剂量。方法采用熏蒸瓶熏蒸,观察德国小蠊死亡情况,计算杀灭的熏蒸剂量。结果即使在低浓度（2．2～2．6g／m^3）情况下,15．38h内能全部杀灭试虫,且无复苏;在温度为20±2℃的情况下,当熏蒸剂量达到34．99±3．15g／m^3时,能有效杀灭成虫及其虫卵。结论硫酰氟杀灭德国小蠊成虫及其虫卵效果很好,在实际工作中,可依据熏蒸剂量,科学调整投药浓度与熏蒸时间以达到满意的效果.     

振动法对外敷七厘散动物模型骨折愈合的病理研究

目的探讨振动法对中药七厘散外敷动物骨折愈合的促进作用,为临床提高骨折康复质量提供依据。方法将家兔随机分为4组,1组为对照组,2-4组分别在骨折后1天、2天、3天给予中药七厘散外敷包扎,配合低频率间歇振动,骨折前及骨折后1周、2周、3周拍X线片,观察骨痂形成情况,3周末处死,行弯曲试验及病理切片检查。结果3、4组经振动后最大载荷平均增加了20％;最大弯矩平均增加了39％;组织学愈合良好,软组织血供丰富;三周末骨痂形成率平均较对照组增加了21．4％。结论采用中药七厘散外敷包扎配合小型振动仪间歇振动可有效促进骨折愈合速度和质量;振动介入以骨折后2天、3天为佳。