Comparison of characteristics of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma associated with head and neck cancer and those with gastric cancer

In ongoing reviews of 339 patients with surgically treated primary squamous cell carcinoma, there were 19 (5.6%) with concurrent gastric cancer and 11 (3.2%) with head and neck cancer. The incidences of intra-esophageal multiple occurrence of esophageal cancer are 27.3% and 26.3% in those with associated head and neck cancer and gastric cancer, respectively, and higher than 7.1% in those without such a concurrent cancer. There was no difference in the clinicopathological characteristics of those with concurrent head and neck and gastric cancers, except for the higher incidence of metachronous occurrence in the former. These findings suggest that, in cases of esophageal cancer associated with concurrent head and neck cancer and gastric cancer, intraesophageal multiplicity of the esophageal carcinoma is frequent and that preoperative serial evaluations is most important to design treatment and estimate the prognosis.     

腹壁下动脉插管化疗在子宫颈及阴道恶性肿瘤的应用

我科6年中对子宫颈及阴道恶性肿瘤施行腹壁下动脉插管化疗共34例,作为配合放疗及争取手术的综合疗法之一,提高晚期宫颈癌的放疗效果,对Ⅱ期早宫颈癌施行根治术者6例,但对腺癌、肉瘤及恶性黑色素瘤等效果差。     

肝囊肿腹腔镜开窗引流术后复发原因的探讨

目的探讨肝囊肿腹腔镜开窗引流术后复发的原因. 方法回顾性总结1998年6月～2003年8月54例肝囊肿腹腔镜下开窗引流术的临床资料. 结果 52例随访1～6年,5例复发,复发率9.6%(5/52).3例由于囊肿位置特殊开窗过小,1例由于多发囊肿之间的透明隔未予切开,1例系多囊肝术后复发. 结论适应证选择不当、囊肿开窗过小、遗漏多发囊肿以及黏膜处理不当是导致复发的主要原因.     

癌胚抗原DNA疫苗对大肠癌特异性细胞免疫的激活效果

目的检测以质粒pIRES为载体构建的带有全序列癌胚抗原(CEA)基因的核苷酸疫苗对机体特异性抗肿瘤免疫反应的激活效果。方法将CEA基因片段连接于真核表达质粒pIRES中,用肌肉注射方法接种核酸疫苗;检测CEA在小鼠肌肉组织中的表达情况及其对小鼠脾细胞CEA特异性细胞免疫反应的激活效果。结果小鼠经肌肉注射质粒后,免疫组化证实该核酸疫苗可在体内有效表达CEA;分子免疫检测显示注射后小鼠特异性淋巴细胞增值反应明显并且伴有自然杀伤细胞NK活性显著增高。结论实验所构建的核酸疫苗pIRESCEA可在体外及小鼠体内高效表达并表现出良好的细胞免疫原性。     

前列腺癌新辅助治疗临床分析（附32例报告）

目的 总结32例前列腺癌患者新辅助治疗（NHT）的作用。方法 32例前列腺癌患者中药物去势17例，手术去势15例，并联合抗雄激素治疗3个月，统计NHT前后前列腺癌体积、肿瘤大小、PSA、FSH、LH和睾酮水平变化。结果 2组NHT后前列腺体积明显变小、肿瘤变小、变软，甚至消失，PSA和睾酮明显下降，药物去势组睾酮水平在耻骨后前列腺癌根治术（RRP）术后2～3个月可恢复正常，而手术去势组RRP术后睾酮呈持续低水平。结论 NHT可明显缩小前列腺体积，降低PSA，有利于手术操作。药物去势对内分泌影响是可逆的，而手术去势内分泌改变不可逆。     

Expression of p27 and p53: comparative analysis of uterine carcinosarcoma and endometrial carcinoma

The aim of the study was to assess both p27 and p53 expression in the stromal and epithelial component of carcinosarcoma and to assess if their expression in the latter is different than in endometrial carcinoma. Immunohistochemical staining for p27 and p53 was performed on paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of 18 uterine specimens with carcinosarcoma and their expression assessed. Their expression in the epithelial element was also compared to that in 35 paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of endometrial endometrioid carcinoma. Reduced p27 expression was observed in a similarly high proportion of the stromal (77.8%) as well as of the epithelial component (66.7%) of carcinosarcoma. Although statistically not significant, the proportion of reduced p27 expression in endometrial carcinoma (85.7%) was higher than in the epithelial element of carcinosarcoma. The percentage of p53 overexpression in both elements of carcinosarcomas and in endometrial carcinomas was low and also similar (27.8 and 20.0%, respectively). Our results indicate that reduced p27 expression is common and p53 overexpression is infrequent in carcinosarcoma. Their similar rates of expression in the stromal and epithelial elements of the tumor support the contention of a monoclonal origin of carcinosarcoma. Unexpectedly, reduced p27 expression is more common in endometrial carcinoma than in the epithelial element of carcinosarcoma, in spite of the less favorable prognosticators and outcome in the latter. Further studies of p27 expression in carcinosarcoma are indicated to establish its clinical value in this aggressive malignancy.     

鼻咽癌高危人群微核特征研究

目的 观察鼻咽癌高危人群的主要细胞遗传学特征。方法 常规培养外周血淋巴细胞，检测鼻咽癌高危人群、鼻咽癌患者、鼻咽炎患者及正常人的微核率。结果 鼻咽癌高危人群及鼻咽癌患者的微核率明显增加，且随病情进展而继续增高。结论 鼻咽癌高危人群存在比较明确的细胞遗传不稳定性。     

Perceptions of facial aesthetics in surgical patients with basal cell carcinoma

BACKGROUND: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a non-melanoma form of skin cancer that is frequently localized within the cervicofacial area. So far, little research is available on how patients perceive their facial aesthetics after surgical treatment for BCC. OBJECTIVES: To analyse (i) if there was a statistically significant improvement over time with regard to the perceived facial aesthetics of surgical patients; (ii) if there was a significant difference between primary and recurrent BCC patients; and (iii) between patients who had Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) or surgical excision (SE). To assess (iv) which baseline perceptions and/or clinical parameters may predict the evaluation of facial aesthetics at 6 months after surgery. METHODS: Parallel to a clinical trial, a survey was carried out in which patients were asked, by means of a newly developed disease-specific questionnaire, about perceptions with regard to their facial aesthetics before and after surgery. RESULTS: Aesthetic perceptions of all surgical patients improved over time. There was no statistically significant difference on facial aesthetics between the group with a primary or recurrent BCC and patients treated with MMS or SE. Results also showed that the evaluation of postsurgical facial aesthetics can be predicted by both visibility of the tumour and preoperative perceptions. CONCLUSION: It is recommended to administer preoperatively a short questionnaire in which perceptions related to facial aesthetics are included. In doing so, physicians will become more familiar with the aesthetic problems patients might have regarding their afflicted facial site. Ultimately, it may help physicians in deciding whether patients will benefit from additional cosmetic procedures after surgery.