细胞穿透肽PEP-1介导血红素加氧酶-1对大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤的影响

目的 评价细胞穿透肽PEP-1介导血红素加氧酶-1(HO-1)对大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤的影响.方法 雄性SD大鼠18只,周龄7～9周,体重210～260 g,采用随机数字表法,将大鼠随机分为3组(n=6):假手术组(S组)、肠缺血再灌注组(IR组)和融合蛋白PEP-1/HO-1+肠缺血再灌注组(HO组).采用夹闭肠系膜上动脉45 min,恢复灌注120 min的方法制备大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤模型.HO组夹闭肠系膜上动脉前30 min,左侧髂静脉注射融合蛋白PEP-1/HO-1 0.5 mg,S组不夹闭肠系膜上动脉,余操作同IR组.于再灌注120 min时处死大鼠取小肠组织,称重后计算肠湿/干重比,测定丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和HO-1活性,免疫组化法检测肠组织HO-1蛋白的表达,光镜下观察肠组织结构并进行损伤评分.结果 与S组比较,IR组和HO组肠湿/干重比和MDA含量升高,SOD活性降低,HO-1活性和蛋白表达水平升高,损伤评分升高(P＜0.05);与IR组比较,HO组肠湿/干重比、MDA含量降低,SOD活性升高,HO-1活性和蛋白表达水平升高,损伤评分降低(P＜0.05).HO组大鼠肠组织病理学损伤较IR组减轻.结论 细胞穿透肽PEP-1可将HO-1成功导人大鼠肠组织中的细胞并减轻肠缺血再灌注损伤.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the effects of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) mediated by cell penetrating peptide PEP-1 on intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injuiy in tats. Methods Eighteen male SD rats aged 7-9 weeks weighing 210-260 g were randomly divided into 3 groups (re = 6 each): sham operation group (group S) , I/R group and PEP-1/HO-1 + I/R group (group HO) . To establish a model of intestinal I/R injury, intestines were exteriorized and the superior mesenteric artery was exposed and occluded for 45 min ischemia, and then the clamp was removed for 120 min reperfusion. The PEP-1/HO-1 fusion protein 0.5 mg was injected via the left iliac vein 30 min prior to ischemia in group HO. The superior mesenteric artery was exposed but not occluded in group S. At the end of reperfusion, the rats were sacrificed and intestinal tissues obtained to determine the intestinal wet/ dry ratio, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and HO-1, and HO-1 protein expression. The histological changes in the intestinal mucosa were examined and the injuiy was scored. Results Compared with group S, the intestinal wet/dry ratio, MDA level, HO-1 activity, HO-1 protein expression and injury score were significantly increased, while the SOD activity was significantly decreased in groups I/R and HO ( P ＜ 0.05) . Compared with group I/R, the intestinal wet/dry ratio, MDA level and injury score were significantly decreased, while the SOD activity, HO-1 activity and HO-1 protein expression increased in group HO ( P ＜ 0.05) . The pathologic changes were significantly attenuated in group HO compared with group I/R.Conclusion HO-1 protein can be successfully delivered into intestinal tissues by PEP-1 and has protective effects against intestinal I/R injury.     

The association between inflammatory markers (iNOS,HO-1, IL-33, MIP-1β) and depression with and without posttraumatic stress disorder

Background

Both major depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are characterized by inflammation, increased concentration levels of proinflammatory cytokines, decreased neurogenesis followed by neuroprogression, as well as mitochondrial and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction. Elevated levels of oxidative stress caused by an increased activity of prooxidants over antioxidants are also observed. Based on several reports, depressive episodes can lead to the sensitization of immune-inflammatory pathways. Thus, depression, PTSD, and depression comorbid with PTSD are associated with immune-inflammatory markers. The study aimed at evaluating concentration levels of iNOS, HO-1, IL-33, and MIP-1β in depression with and without PTSD.

Assessment of ultra-structure,viability and function of lipopolysaccharides-stimulated human dermal fibroblasts treated with chrysin and exosomes (in vitro study)

BackgroundLipopolysaccharides (LPS) stimulate production of inflammatory cytokines. Chrysin is flavonoid beneficial for treatment of inflammatory conditions. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BM-MSC) exosomes have regenerative ability in different tissues.ObjectiveTo assess potential role of chrysin and BM-MSC exosomes on ultra-structure, viability and function of human dermal fibroblasts-adult (HDFa) stimulated by LPS.MethodsHDFa cells were divided into: Group I: Cells received no treatment. Group II: Cells were stimulated with LPS. Group III: LPS stimulated cells were treated with chrysin. Group IV: LPS stimulated cells were treated with exosomes.ResultsAfter 48 h, ultrastructural examination of HDFa cells in Group I revealed intact plasma membrane and numerous cytoplasmic organelles. Group II displayed destructed plasma membrane and apoptotic bodies. Group III showed intact plasma membrane with loss of its integrity at some areas. Group IV demonstrated intact plasma membrane that showed fusion with exosomes at some areas. Statistical analysis of MTT represented highest mean value of cell viability% in Group IV followed by Groups III, I and II respectively. Statistical analysis of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) showed the highest mean value of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) was in Group II followed by Groups III, IV and I, while highest mean values of interleukin-10 (IL-10), nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) proteins were in Group I, followed by Groups IV, III and II respectively.ConclusionsLPS have harmful consequences on ultra-structure, viability and function of HDFa cells. BM-MSC exosomes have better regenerative action on inflamed fibroblasts in comparison to chrysin.     

血红素加氧酶-1对食管癌细胞株Eca109增殖及凋亡作用的影响

目的 研究血红素加氧酶-1(heme oxygenase,HO-1)对食管癌细胞株Eca109增殖活性及凋亡作用的影响.方法 利用体外设计合成的靶向抑制HO-1的低分子RNA(siRNA)沉默食管鳞癌Eca109细胞HO-1基因的表达,应用RT-PCR、Western blot检测HO-1 mRNA和蛋白表达水平,分别以MTS法、流式细胞术检测干扰HO-1后食管鳞癌Eca109细胞增殖和凋亡水平.结果 RT-PCR、Western blot检测结果显示转染HO-1 siRNA可以成功抑制食管鳞癌Eca109细胞HO-1的表达;与空白组、阴性对照组比较,HO-1 siRNA干扰组Eca109细胞增殖能力明显减弱,细胞凋亡率显著增加.结论 HO-1siRNA可有效沉默食管癌细胞HO-1的表达,抑制细胞的增殖活性,促进细胞的凋亡.     

莱菔子素对人肝细胞Ⅱ相代谢酶的作用研究

目的:探讨莱菔子素(sulforaphene)对人肝细胞系HHL-5细胞Ⅱ相代谢酶的影响。方法:采用噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法测定莱菔子素对HHL-5细胞的毒性作用;蛋白印记法(western blotting)检测莱菔子素对Ⅱ相代谢酶蛋白表达的影响。结果:5μmol/L莱菔子素处理HHL-5细胞24h促进细胞增殖,10～100μmol/L表现生长抑制作用;莱菔子素能明显诱导血红素加氧酶(HO-1)和硫氧还蛋白还原酶(TrxR)蛋白的表达并呈剂量依赖关系。结论:莱菔子素可诱导肝细胞Ⅱ相代谢酶HO-1和TrxR的表达,具有潜在的化学致癌物解毒功能。     

Heme oxygenase protects hippocampal neurons from ethanol-induced neurotoxicity

Ethanol has deleterious effects on neuronal cells both in vivo and in vitro, but the mechanisms are unknown. Here, treatment with increasing doses of ethanol (from 20 up to 600mM) decreased the viability of a mouse hippocampal neuroblastoma cell line, HT22. The glutathione concentration decreased and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) increased in a dose-and time-dependent manner, suggesting that the neurotoxicity was due to oxidative stress. Expression of heme oxygenase (HO)-1, a redox regulator and heat shock protein, increased with time after ethanol treatment, but HO-2 was expressed constitutively. The addition of 5microM zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP IX), a competitive HO inhibitor, with the ethanol further reduced cell viability and increased intracellular ROS, but these effects were reversed by co-treatment with 50nM bilirubin, a well-known antioxidant and a product of HO catalysis. These results suggest that HO has a protective role in hippocampal neurons as an intrinsic factor against ethanol-induced oxidative stress and the protection depends on the degree of oxidative stress.     

银杏叶提取物诱导大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞HO-1的表达及细胞信号通路研究

目的： 旨在研究银杏叶提取物（Ginkgo Biloba Extract,EGB761）对大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞(RVSMC)血红素氧合酶-1（HO-1）蛋白的影响,并探讨其中涉及的细胞信号通路。方法: 大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞株复苏、传代培养到第6代，再复孔培养用于实验，分别给予空白对照、单纯EGB761、EGB761＋锌原卟啉Ⅸ(ZnPPⅨ)或不同的细胞内信号途径特异性阻断剂进行处理，采用Western blotting法定量检测HO-1蛋白表达。结果: EGB761能呈剂量依赖性诱导HO-1蛋白表达，加用ZnPPⅨ（血红素氧合酶特异性阻断剂）及酪氨酸蛋白激酶(TPK)阻断剂木黄酮均能显著抑制EGB761诱导的HO-1蛋白表达（均P<0.01），但calphostin-C（蛋白激酶C阻断剂）、LY294002（磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶阻断剂）及Bay11-7082（核因子-κB阻断剂）对EGB761诱导的HO-1蛋白表达无明显影响（均P>0.05）。结论: (1) EGB761能显著诱导RVSMC中HO-1蛋白的表达，并且这种诱导作用能被血红素氧合酶的特异性阻断剂ZnPPⅨ所阻断。（2）EGB761通过TPK途径介导大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞HO-1蛋白的表达。     

内源性一氧化碳/血红素氧合酶体系在缺氧性肺动脉高压形成中的作用

目的 研究内源性一氧化碳／血红素氧合酶（CO／HO）体系在慢性低氧环境中的变化规律，探讨CO／HO体系在缺氧性肺动脉高压形成中的作用。方法 将第1批大鼠随机分为对照组、低氧1d组、低氧3d组、低氧7d组、低氧14d组；第2批大鼠随机分为对照组、低氧组、低氧＋锌原卟啉（ZnPP）均。均以右心导管法测定肺动脉压力；称量并计算右心室与左心室加室间隔的比例；应用双波长分光光度法间接测定大鼠血浆及肺组织匀浆中CO含量；应用免疫组织化学技术对第一批大鼠肺内HO－1蛋白表达进行定位及半定量分析。结果 大鼠低氧7－14d开始形成稳定的肺动脉高压，伴右心室肥大；血浆及肺组织心浆中CO含量分别于低氧1d和低氧14d时两次明显增高（P＜0．01）；低氧1－3d肺泡及肺泡间质巨噬细胞和炎性细胞（F＝8．72，P＜0．001）；低氧＋ZnPP组大鼠肺动脉平均压明显高于对照组及低氧组，血浆及肺组织匀浆中CO含量明显 于氏氧组（P均＜0．01）。结论 内源性CO／HO体系在慢性低氧刺激下明显增高，且呈时间依赖性的双峰现象，其中第2次代偿性增高与肺动脉压力的变化密切相关，HO－1抑制剂的干预研究进一步表明，内源性CO／HO体系对缺氧性肺动脉高压形成具有积极的调节作用。     

血红素氧合酶-1对大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞增殖的影响

目的探讨血红素氧合酶-1(HO-1)蛋白表达对大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞(RASMC)增殖的影响。方法大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞株经复苏、传代培养后用于实验,设置空白对照组、HO-1诱导组、HO-1抑制组,后两组分别加用血晶素、锌原卟啉Ⅸ与细胞共同孵育,用Western blot法检测HO-1表达量,并检测HO-1活力;用MTT法检测RASMC增殖能力。同时,还观察了血晶素、锌原卟啉Ⅸ的细胞毒性作用。结果上调HO-1蛋白表达及升高HO-1活力能显著抑制血清刺激的RASMC增殖,反之,抑制HO-1蛋白表达及其活力则增强血清刺激的RASMC增殖。实验浓度的血晶素、锌原卟啉Ⅸ无明显细胞毒性作用。结论 HO-1蛋白高表达能有效抑制RASMC增殖。     

香烟烟雾提取物对A549细胞MUC5AC分泌影响的机制研究

目的探讨香烟烟雾提取物(CSE)所致人气道上皮细胞黏液高分泌的分子机制及血红素加氧酶-1(HO-1)对该分子机制的阻断作用。方法通过CSE刺激人肺A549细胞,构建气道黏液高分泌的细胞模型,给予HO-1诱导剂氯化高铁血红素(Hemin)及HO-1抑制剂锌原卟啉(ZnPPIX)干预,观察HO-1、双功能氧化酶1(Duox1)、黏蛋白5AC(MUC5AC)、表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)及磷酸化EGFR(p-EGFR)的表达。将A549细胞分为对照组、CSE刺激组、Hemin干预组和ZnPPIX干预组。用四甲基偶氮唑盐法(MTT)测定Hemin及ZnPPIX对细胞活性的影响;逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法检测各组HO-1、Duox1、EGFR及MUC5AC的mRNA水平;Western blot法检测p-EGFR、EGFR、Duox1及HO-1的蛋白水平;并用酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测各组上清液及细胞裂解液中的MUC5AC蛋白含量。结果 CSE刺激组MUC5AC的mRNA积分吸光度值、培养上清液及细胞裂解液中MUC5AC蛋白水平分别为(0.660±0.044)、(62.80±6.85)μg/mg及(157.00±3.26)μg/mg,EGFR mRNA和蛋白的积分吸光度值分别为(0.596±0.061)和(0.620±0.051),均较对照组明显升高(P0.05),p-EGFR蛋白水平亦明显升高,且HO-1及Duox1的mRNA和蛋白水平也较对照组增高(P0.05)。给予Hemin预处理后,与CSE刺激组相比,HO-1mRNA及蛋白明显增多,p-EGFR蛋白水平、Duox1、EGFR及MUC5AC的mRNA和蛋白水平降低(P0.05)。给予ZnPPIX预处理后,与对照组相比,HO-1mRNA及蛋白水平无明显增高(P0.05),而p-EGFR蛋白水平、Duox1、EGFR及MUC5AC的mRNA和蛋白水平明显增高(P0.05)。结论 HO-1可通过下调Duox1的表达,阻断香烟烟雾诱导的EGFR活化上游的配体依赖信号途径,减少EGFR活化,从而抑制黏蛋白MUC5AC的合成及分泌,此结果为研究香烟烟雾诱导的气道黏液高分泌的信号机制提供了新的线索。