National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey for Children 0-17 Years of Age in China

The main purpose of the National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey for children 0-17 years of age in China (CNHSC) was to collect basic data on the nutrition, development, and health status for children in different regions across China using evidence-based, reliable, and cost-effective approaches. Children and their parents or guardians from seven regions (south, southwest, north, northwest, eastern, central, and northeast China) in China were recruited. A multi-stage stratified randomized sampling method was used. Two provinces were randomly sampled from each of the seven regions, from which one urban district and one rural country were also randomly sampled, resulting in a total of 28 survey counties/districts. Dietary surveys, health examinations, laboratory testing, and questionnaires were used to collect dietary intake, nutritional status, child development, and health status information. Nutrition, health, and lifestyle assessment of children and their parents was determined using the Knowledge Attitude Practice (KAP) survey. Greater than 100,000 children (38,000 children < 6 years of age and 66,000 children 6-17 years of age) completed the survey. The survey provided comprehensive data on child nutrition and health status for future studies and will serve as the basis for an integrated nutrition and health improvement strategies proposal for children in China.     

Perceived Cognitive Impairment among African American elders: health and functional impairments in daily life

Objectives: The Center for Disease Control began to assess Perceived Cognitive Impairment in 2009, yet there has been no in-depth study of how perceived decline in thinking or memory skills may be associated to the health and lifestyle of an independent community-dwelling older person. Among urban-dwelling older African Americans who are at elevated risk for cognitive impairment and dementia, we know even less regarding the interaction of these risk factors.Method: Five hundred and one African American elders (n = 501) between the ages of 55 and 95 with an average age of 70.73 years (SD = 8.6 years) participated in telephone interviews.Results: Approximately one-third of the elders reported that their memory, thinking skills, or ability to reason was worse than a year ago (n = 150; 29.9%) and 25% of this group (n = 38) reported that this Perceived Cognitive Impairment impacted their daily activities and/or warranted a consultation with their doctor. Bivariate analyses indicated that Perceived Cognitive Impairment was associated with increased health problems, mobility limitations, depressed mood, and lower social functioning.Conclusion: Elders who reported that cognitive problems impacted their daily functioning reported the greatest health and mental health problems. Perceived Cognitive Impairment is an important health variable with implications for an older adult's overall health, mobility, and mental health.     

护理健康教育在独生子女精神分裂症患者中的应用

目的探讨对独生子女精神分裂症患者进行健康教育干预,以期减少疾病复发,改善社会功能。方法通过阳性阴性量表及护理观察量表（NOSIE）对38例独生子女精神分裂症患者和38例非独生子女患者进行健康教育前后调查比较,利用灵活多变的护理健康教育形式对独生子女精神分裂症患者及其家属进行科学的健康教育。结果教育计划与治疗能降低患者住院时间,提高疗效,提高社会功能提高服药依从性。结论对独生子女进行科学的个性化健康教育方式,可提高患者的服药依从性与社会功能,降低复发率,对患者的回归社会有积极的影响。     

亚低温治疗对心肺复苏后幸存者神经功能和预后的影响

目的：研究亚低温治疗对心肺复苏后幸存者神经功能和预后的影响。方法118例心肺复苏幸存患者随机分入实验组和对照组,给予亚低温治疗和常规治疗,统计治疗数据,评价不同治疗方法对患者神经功能和预后效果的影响。结果实验组复苏后第1天、第2天、第4天和第6天的格拉斯哥昏迷指数及综合评分分别为2.31±0.24、3.09±0.32、3.75±0.52、4.62±0.65和3.76±0.45;对照组对应得分分别为0.87±0.13、1.54±0.42、2.46±0.63、2.96±0.58和2.74±0.52。结论亚低温疗法能够有效缓解患者心肺复苏后高灌注造成的二次伤害,促进患者神经功能的恢复,提高患者生活质量。     

Impact of type of procedure and surgeon on EuroSCORE operative risk validation

Objective

EuroSCORE has been used in cardiac surgery operative risk assessment, despite important variables were not included. The objective of this study was to validate EuroSCORE on mortality prediction in a Brazilian cardiovascular surgery center, defining the influence of type of procedure and surgical team.

Methods

Between January 2006 and June 2011, 2320 consecutive adult patients were studied. According to additive EuroSCORE, patients were divided into low risk (score<2), medium risk (3 - 5), high risk (6 - 11) and very high risk (>12). The relation between observed mortality (O) and expected mortality (E) according to logistic EuroSCORE was calculated for each of the groups, types of procedures and surgeons with > 150 operations, and analyzed by logistic regression.

Results

EuroSCORE correlated to the observed mortality (O/E=0.94; P<0.0001; area under the curve 0.78). However, it overestimated the mortality in very high risk patients (O/E=0.74; P=0.001). EuroSCORE tended to overestimate isolated myocardial revascularization mortality (O/E=0.81; P=0.0001) and valve surgery mortality (O/E=0.89; P=0.007) and it tended to underestimate combined procedures mortality (O/E=1.09; P<0.0001). EuroSCORE overestimated surgeon A mortality (O/E=0.46; P<0.0001) and underestimated surgeon B mortality (O/E=1.3; P<0.0001), in every risk category.

Conclusion

In the present population, EuroSCORE overestimates mortality in very high risk patients, being influenced by type of procedure and surgical team. The most appropriate surgical team may minimize risks imposed by preoperative profiles.