烟雾病的临床特点与影像学分析

目的探讨烟雾病的临床特征及影像学表现，以提高对本病的诊断率。方法对20例烟雾病患者的临床特征和影像学资料进行回顾性分析。结果临床表现：发病年龄为10～19岁占50％（10／20），40岁以前占90％（18／20），缺血型患者主要为偏瘫、失语，出血型患者主要为头痛、呕吐、意识障碍和偏瘫，20例中反复TIA发作者7例，其中两侧交替发作者2例；CT／MRI：脑梗死6例，脑出血13例（脑室出血4例，再出血3例）；梗死或出血病灶发生在基底节6例，脑叶9例，多发性病灶6例，梗死并出血5例；DSA示颈内动脉、大脑前、中动脉狭窄或闭塞，脑基底部烟雾状血管网形成，大脑后动脉（PCA）及其分支增粗者16例，颈外动脉系统向颅内代偿8例。结论对于儿童、青年人出现中风、反复交替性TIA发作、CT／MRI呈多发性脑梗死或出血、脑叶梗死或出血、脑室出血及再出血患者应高度考虑烟雾病，应行DSA检查；DSA可清晰显示烟雾病血管狭窄的程度、闭塞部位及侧支循环的情况。     

荧光定量PCR对伊马替尼治疗后慢性粒细胞白血病bcr/abl融合基因变化的检测效果研究

目的 应用实时荧光定量PCR(RQ-PCR)技术检测慢性粒细胞白血病(CML)患者应用伊马替尼治疗后bcr/abl融合基因的水平,并比较RQ-PCR与荧光原位杂交(FISH)在检测CML微小残留病方面的敏感度.方法 采用RQ-PCR技术检测初诊CML患者30例,以及应用伊马替尼治疗1年、2年的CML患者各8例,观察骨髓细胞中bcr/abl融合基因转录本的表达情况,并与荧光原位杂交(FISH)结果进行比较.结果 RQ-PCR检测bcr/abl融合基因的敏感性可达到10个拷贝.初诊CML患者bcr/abl融合基因水平为68.18%±26.67%,而经伊马替尼治疗1年、2年后的水平分别为0.16%±0.15%、0.04%±0.02%,与治疗前相比,分别下降了2.82和3.36个对数级.当FISH结果为阴性时,RQ-PCR的检测结果仍为阳性.结论 RQ-PCR检测bcr/abl融合基因的敏感性比FISH更高,对于监测伊马替尼治疗过程中分子水平的变化、提示病情发展具有重要的应用价值.     

The anatomical locus of T-junction processing

Inhomogeneous surrounds can produce either asymmetrical or symmetrical increment/decrement induction by orienting T-junctions to selectively group a test patch with surrounding regions [Melfi, T., & Schirillo, J. (2000). T-junctions in inhomogeneous surrounds. Vision Research, 40, 3735-3741]. The current experiments aimed to determine where T-junctions are processed by presenting each eye with a different image so that T-junctions exist only in the fused percept. Only minor differences were found between retinal and cortical versus cortical-only conditions, indicating that T-junctions are processed cortically.     

腰椎术后脑脊液漏的处理

1993年7月～2007年5月，我科共行腰椎手术429例，其中18例术后发生脑脊液漏，发生率4．2％，经积极处理后均治愈。     

A liquid-scintillation-based primary standardization of Pb

A new radioactivity solution standard of ²¹⁰Pb has been developed and will be disseminated by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) as standard reference material (SRM) 4337. This new ²¹⁰Pb solution standard is contained in a 5 mL flame-sealed borosilicate glass ampoule, consists of (5.133±0.002) g of a nominal 1 mol L⁻¹ nitric acid solution, has a density of (1.028±0.002) g mL⁻¹ at 20 °C, has carrier ion concentrations of about 11 μg Pb²⁺ and 21 μg Bi³⁺ per gram of solution, and is certified to contain a massic activity (9.037±0.22) kBq g⁻¹ as of the reference time 1200 EST, 15 June 2006. All of the uncertainties cited above correspond to standard uncertainties multiplied by a coverage factor k=2. The standardization for the ²¹⁰Pb content of the solution was based on 4πβ liquid scintillation (LS) measurements using CIEMAT/NIST ³H-standard efficiency tracing (CNET). Confirmatory determinations were also performed by high-resolution HPGe γ-ray spectrometry, by 2π spectrometry with a Si surface barrier detector of separated ²¹⁰Po, and by 4πβ(LS)–γ(NaI) anticoincidence counting.     

Synaptic and extrasynaptic NMDA receptors: Problems and prospects

This review is devoted to the problem of induction of differently directed NMDA-dependent longterm plasticity in the central nervous system and their transformation into pathological changes. Their hypothetical mechanisms and the corresponding experimental data are discussed. Special attention is paid to the functional characteristics of synaptic and extrasynaptic NR1/NR2A and NR1/NR2B receptors, their different involvement in the spatiotemporal organization of Ca²⁺ signaling, and peculiarities of biochemical reactions of the cell. The possible structural reorganization of NMDA receptors as one of the kinds of plasticity is also analyzed.     

Pharmacologic preconditioning effects: Prostaglandin E1 induces heat-shock proteins immediately after ischemia/reperfusion of the mouse liver

Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) has several potential therapeutic effects, including cytoprotection, vasodilation, and inhibition of platelet aggregation. This study investigates the protective action of PGE1 against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in vivo using a complementary DNA microarray. PGE1 or saline was continuously administered intravenously to mice in which the left lobe of the liver was made ischemic for 30 minutes and then reperfused. Livers were harvested 0, 10, and 30 minutes postreperfusion. Messenger RNA was extracted, and the samples were labeled with two different fluorescent dyes and hybridized to the RIKEN set of 18,816 full-length enriched mouse complementary DNA microarrays. Serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels at 180 minutes postreperfusion were significantly lower in the PGE1-treated group than in the saline-treated group. The cDNA microarray analysis revealed that the genes encoding heat-shock protein (HSP) 70, glucose-regulated protein 78, HSP86, and glutathione S-transferase were upregulated at the end of the ischemic period (0 minutes postreperfusion) in the PGE1 group. Our results suggested that PGE1 induces HSPs immediately after ischemia reperfusion. HSPs might therefore play an important role in the protective effects of PGE1 against ischemia/reperfusion injury of the liver.     

兔眼滤过术中应用抗瘢痕药物后的眼压变化

目的:在兔眼滤过术中应用两种抗瘢痕药物后观察其眼压变化,探讨提高青光眼手术成功率的抗瘢痕药物种类及用药方式。方法:将激素及丝裂霉素分别应用于兔眼滤过术中,测定术前、术后3d、7d和1个月眼压并进行分析。结果:①术前各组间眼压元显著差异;②术后 3 d和 7 d,甲强龙各浓度组眼压与术前相比有显著性差异(P<0.01),而组间两两比较差异不显著(P>0.05);③术后1个月实2、3、4组和对2组眼压均较术前明显下降,差异有显著性(P<0.01),各组间差异不显著(P>0.05);④术后1个月实1组和对1组眼压恢复至术前水平,差异不显著(P>0.05),其两组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。结论:眼压变化的结果表明甲强龙不仅具有早期抑制肉芽组织的作用,而且在一定浓度下对肉芽组织的成熟也有抑制作用,提示甲强龙术中湿片贴敷是一种安全、有效的抗瘢痕方法。     

Ilizarov技术矫正儿童僵硬型马蹄内翻足畸形

[目的]探讨Ilizarov技术矫正僵硬性马蹄内翻足畸形的方法和效果。[方法]作者在2000年3月～2005年3月间，使用Ilizarov技术矫正9例11足重度僵硬性马蹄内翻足畸形，将连接于胫骨、跟骨、跖骨的外固定环互相连接、组合成复杂的三维外固定架，通过逐渐调整外固定架矫正畸形，从而使患足达到或接近正常足的外形和功能。[结果]按Garceau标准评定疗效，优6足，良4足，差1足。[结论]Ilizarov外固定架三维矫正马蹄内翻足畸形效果确实，尤其适用于大年龄儿童之僵硬、复发或难治性马蹄内翻足，有一定的临床应用价值。     

心磷脂与缺血/再灌注损伤

心磷脂（CL）是维持线粒体能量代谢所必需的一种磷脂，参与了众多重要生理过程。此文对CL的结构、合成和转化；在维持线粒体正常功能中的作用；缺血／再灌注（I／R）损伤中的改变以及和线粒体功能的关系等作了逐一阐述，说明CL与I／R损伤导致的细胞死亡关系密切，CL量或性质的改变在细胞凋亡中处于中心地位。