高一普通班与尖子班学生心理健康调查研究

目的 了解高一普通班学生和尖子班学生心理健康状况,探寻适合在两种不同小环境中生活的学生的心理健康教育对策.方法 选用心理健康诊断测验(MHT)对某市一中高一普通班和尖子班共94名学生进行心理健康状况调查.结果 女生在心理健康水平上显著不如男生,并表现出比男生更多的对人焦虑,自责,身体症状和冲动倾向.高一普通班学生与尖子班学生在心理健康水平上不存在显著差异,但从均分来看,前者的心理健康状况不如后者.结论 女生应是中学心理健康教育的重点对象,采用重点和非重点的分班制可能不利于学生的心理健康.     

乳腺病灶影像报告数据系统分级的超声诊断指标量化研究

目的 探讨基于病灶超声特征评分进行乳腺影像报告数据系统(BI-RADS)分级的意义.方法 分析1005个经病理证实的乳腺病灶声像图,对所有病灶的形状、边缘、回声、纵横比、周边强回声晕、后方回声、钙化、内部血流、腋下肿大淋巴结及年龄等10项指标进行综合评分并按分值进行分组,将各组病灶中恶性构成比与不同BI-RADS分级的理论恶性风险值比较,得出超声诊断指标评分与BI-RADS分级之间的对应关系.结果 (1)超声诊断指标评分≤3分、4分、5分、6分、7分、8分、9分、10分、11分、12分、13分、14分、≥15分各组病灶中恶性构成比分别为0、1.6%、4.3%、8.8%、29.5%、42.1%、55.3%、69.7%、79.2%、73.0%、77.8%、95.7%、94.5%;(2)与BI-RADS 2、3、4a、4b、4c、5级相对应的评分分别为≤3分、4分、5～7分、8～9分、10～13分、≥14分;(3)将超声征象评分为8分,即BI-RADS 4b作为临床诊断的分界点,诊断乳腺良恶性病灶的敏感度、特异度、准确度、阴性预测值、阳性预测值分别为90.2%、90.1%、90.2%、95.3%、80.7%.结论 以超声诊断指标评分为量化依据对乳腺病灶进行BI-RADS分级诊断,可以使超声报告得到一定程度的客观化及规范化,为临床评价乳腺病灶恶性风险程度提供可靠依据.     

Structure of Drug Use and Drug Definition among Youth

Five thousand West-German soldiers anwered a questionnaire on personal drug use, evaluation of substances regarding their being drugs, and illness-value ascribed to heavy drug use. A partial correspondence between the structures of drug use and drug definition was found. Beer and wine consumption were clearly differentiated. Mentally, cannabis and hard liquor were placed on comparable levels. A wholesale approach to alcohol consumption, and exclusive categorization of cannabis as a fashion drug, lumped together with hallucinogens and opiates. seem unwarranted.     

山东省立医院在健康中国行动中的探索与实践

《关于实施健康中国行动的意见》推出健康中国行动15项行动计划,公立医院成为实施健康中国行动防病治病的主战场。山东省立医院积极探索"六位一体"的健康医院模式,通过健康管理打造一站式服务医院,健康宣教打造人文爱心医院,医务社工打造温情医院,"互联网+医疗"打造智慧医院,医养结合打造示范医院,控费提效打造便民惠民医院,取得一定成效。剖析了现存问题,提出了下一步开展健康中国行动的思路。     

非酒精性脂肪性肝病分级分期管理研究进展

非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）是代谢综合征在肝脏的病理学表现。由于饮食结构的改变,NAFLD发病率呈现上升趋势,且NAFLD与肝病进展、糖尿病和心血管疾病死亡密切相关。因此,寻求NAFLD患者综合管理方法迫在眉睫。本文综述了NAFLD分级、分期、治疗和随访评估的研究进展,以期指导临床诊断、治疗和管理。     

某院住院患者死亡率偏高原因分析及建议

目的 分析某三甲医院住院患者死亡率偏高的原因,探讨改进建议.方法 通过问卷调查、医生访谈、病历抽查等,对2013年653例住院病例进行回顾性调查与分析.结果 死亡率偏高的主要原因是收治病种诊治难度高、姑息治疗与临终关怀患者多、病案管理水平与医疗质量不高等.结论 建议加强医务人员培训,提高诊疗水平;建立临终关怀病房,加强与社区医院的合作;提高对老年疾病的重视程度,加强老年患者管理;强化病案管理,提高诊断与编码的准确率等.     

Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) protein expression is increased in high-grade prostate cancer

Chemokines, including chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1), may enhance tumor epithelial-stromal interactions facilitating tumor growth and invasion. Studies have linked CXCL1 expression to gastric, colon and skin cancers, however, no study to date has been reported describing CXCL1 in human prostate tumors. Herein, we set out to describe the expression pattern of CXCL1 in human prostate tumors.     

Numerical and Experimental Analysis of Titanium Sheet Forming for Medical Instrument Parts

The paper analyses the forming of the surgical instrument handles made of Grade 2 titanium sheets. Sheet metal forming is a technology ensuring high strength and light weight of products. Replacing stainless steels with titanium further reduces instrument weight and additionally provides the required resistance to corrosive environments typical for surgeries. The low instrument weight is important to prevent fatigue of surgeons and allow them to maintain high operational accuracy during long term surgeries. The numerical analysis of the technological process was performed in order to adapt it to forming tool handles using titanium sheets instead of steel sheets. The numerical calculations were experimentally verified. It was found that, in the case of titanium handles, it is necessary to use a blank holder in the first forming operation to eliminate sheet wrinkling in the flange area. The shape and dimensional accuracy of the drawn part after trimming were high enough and the 4th forming operation became unnecessary. Moreover, the process modification included lubrication using rapeseed oil with the addition of boric acid, which effectively prevents the galling of titanium on the working surfaces of the steel tools and ensures a more uniform distribution of plastic strains in the drawn part.     

Work and family characteristics as socioeconomic determinants in long sickness absence: the Japanese civil servants study

Long sickness absence is more common among low socioeconomic status (SES) groups than high SES groups. This study aimed to evaluate whether work and family characteristics contribute to SES and sex differences in long sickness absence (7 days or more). The participants were 3080 civil servants working for a local Japanese government. In both sexes, low-grade employees were likely to take long sickness absence, with a statistically significant association for men (age-adjusted OR of lowest-grade employees for long sickness absence: 2.30 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.32–4.02)). After adjusting for all variables, SES differences in long sickness absence in men decreased to OR 1.98 (CI 1.10–3.55) but remained significant; in men, being without a spouse was significantly associated with long sickness absence. Employees working long hours had lower OR for long sickness absence after adjusting for all variables in both sexes. Conversely, poor sleep quality and longstanding illness significantly increased OR for long sickness absence. In conclusion, SES differences in sickness absence were explained partly by work and family characteristics, longstanding illness, and poor sleep quality; however, other factors that were not evaluated in this study may also be associated with SES differences.