Evaluation of monoclonal anti-D reagents using D variant cells

Monoclonal anti-D antibodies submitted to the Third Monoclonal International Workshop were evaluated against a number of D variant cells using standard serological techniques. The monoclonal antibodies were able to discriminate between the cells of Categories Va, VI and DFR but not Category III cells. Cells within each category did not give any aberrant results. The Rh:33 cells behaved as normal Rh(D) positive cells.     

抗晶状体蛋白的特异性抗体免疫示踪研究

目的：了解针对晶状体组织的特异性抗体到达眼前节的途经、部位及其对晶状体生理功能的影响。方法：采用荧光标记抗体，观察被动免疫动物眼前节组织中荧光反应的变化，测定晶状体调节力和进行眼前节裂隙灯检查。结果：特异性抗体(IgG)首先到达睫状体部，而后出现在晶状体囊膜、虹膜和角膜内皮上；眼前节抗体含量峰值与裂隙灯观察的房闪、即同时出现；晶状体上皮细胞的损伤与晶状体的调节力下降则出现于转移免疫后2w。结论：针对晶状体组织抗原的特异性抗体可通过体循环先到达睫状体部，然后随房水而作用于晶状体上皮细胞。     

Mercury from gold minings in the Pantanal of Pocone (Mato Grosso,Brazil)

The Pocone gold minings are situated in the Bento Gomes River Basin, at the border of the Pantanal of Mato Grosso. Gold-bearing quartz veins are removed from the subsoils, milled with water, centrifuged and the heavier fraction is subsequently mixed with mercury for gold separation. The gold mining activities caused a very intensive landscape change, threatening many environmental processes like sediment control and storage and recycling capacity of mercury. Cold Vapor Atomic Fluorescence System (CVAFS) was used to determinate total mercury in water, suspended material and sediments from Bento Gomes River, sampled monthly for 1 year. Apart from the fact that mercury concentrations are low in water and bottom sediments, they are slightly higher in relation to background levels measured in the area. The concentration in suspended material is also lower than other rivers with gold mining activities, but the floodplains of the Bento Gomes River act as mercury sinks. Therefore, the discharge of mercury into the Pantanal floodplain should be avoided, in spite of actual contamination of the system being very low.     

Circulating interleukin 10 and interleukin-6 serum levels in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with methotrexate or gold salts: Preliminary report

In order to evaluate the relationship between serum concentrations of interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-6, and acute phase proteins in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients treated with methotrexate (MTX) or intramuscular gold (IMG) we determined IL-10, IL-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (ACT) in the sera of 35 RA patients. IL-10 and IL-6 levels were evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). AGP and ACT level were measured using rocket immunoelectrophoresis. IL-10 serum level was not increased in RA patients as compared to controls (58.7 ± 18.1 pg/ml vs. 57.2 ± 11.9 pg/ml). IL-6 level was significantly elevated (91.6 ± 46.9 pg/ml vs. 45 ± 19 pg/ml, p < 0.05). CRP was significantly increased as compared to healthy controls (35 ± 19 mg/l vs. 3 ± 2 mg/l, p < 0.05). Patients treated with MTX or IMG presented an increased level of IL-10 and decreased amounts of IL-6, as compared to those treated with NSAID only. However, only changes between patients treated with IMG and NSAID were found to be statistically significant. A good negative correlation between IL-10 and IL-6 serum level was found (r = –0.75, p < 0.05). A positive significant correlation between IL-6 serum level and CRP (r = 0.62, p < 0.05), AGP (r = 0.78, p < 0.05) and ACT (r = 0.45, p < 0.05) was established. On the other hand, a negative correlation between IL-10 and serum level of CRP (r = –0.76, p < 0.05), AGP (r = –0.64, p < 0.05) and ACT (r = –0.38, p < 0.05) was also observed. Moreover, these relationships were maintained when patients treated with MTX, IMG, or NSAID were analyzed independently. According to the data thus far obtained, it seems that IL-10 decreases IL-6 production, and thereby indirectly affects the acute phase response, decreasing CRP, AGP, and ACT concentration in RA patients.Abbreviations ACT -1-antichymotrypsin - AGP ₁-acid glycoprotein - APP acute phase protein - CRP C-reactive protein - CSF colony stimulating factor - IFN interferon - IL interleukin - IMG intramuscular gold - MTX methotrexate - NSAID non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug - RA rheumatoid arthritis     

包埋前免疫电镜双标技术在神经解剖学研究中的应用

目的　在超微结构水平观察两种神经递质在纤维终末内的共存或一种神经递质与其相应受体之间的关系。　方法　包埋前免疫电镜双重标记技术———酶标法和免疫金 银标记法相结合的方法。　结果　在免疫反应双重标记的纹状体切片上 ,电镜下观察到大量的SP样 (过氧化物酶免疫反应产物 )阳性终末和SP受体 (SPR ,免疫金 银标记颗粒 )样阳性神经元的胞体和树突 ,同时可见部分SP样阳性轴突终末分别与SPR样阳性神经元的胞体或树突形成对称性轴 体或轴 树突触联系。而在三叉神经脊束核尾侧亚核切片上 ,电镜下可观察到大量的两种囊泡膜谷氨酸转运体 ,即DNPI样 (过氧化物酶免疫反应产物 )和VGluT1样 (免疫金 银标记颗粒 )阳性轴突终末 ,同时还观察到DNPI样和VGluT1样双标的轴突终末与阴性树突形成非对称性突触。　结论　包埋前免疫电镜双重标记技术敏感性较高 ,组织的抗原性保存好 ,特别是在神经解剖学研究中 ,用于研究两种神经递质在同一个细胞或终末内的共存或分析神经递质与其相应受体之间的联系中有独到之处。     

Inhibition of gold thioglucose lesions by intrahypothalamic saline injections

The ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) at the level of the median eminence in CFI female mice was infused with saline unilaterally. Following surgical recovery, the mice were challenged with gold thioglucose (GTG) (800 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. The effects of saline on the GTG-induced necrosis in the VMH were assessed by light microscopy. Intrahypothalamic saline infusions yielded partial or complete inhibition of the GTG lesion on the side of the brain receiving the infusion.     

Total energy expenditure of elite synchronized swimmers measured by the doubly labeled water method

To determine the daily energy requirement of elite synchronized swimmers during moderate-intensity training, the average daily energy expenditure measured by the doubly labeled water method, was calculated for nine female Japanese national team synchronized swimmers [four senior; mean (SD) 22.5 (1.0) years old, 52.2 (3.6) kg, and five junior; 17.6 (1.1) years old, 52.8 (2.3) kg]. Their total energy expenditure (TEE) was 11.5 (2.8) MJ · day⁻¹ [2738 (672) kcal · day⁻¹]. When compared with estimated energy requirements derived from “Recommended Dietary Allowances for the Japanese”, 12.1 (0.6) MJ · day⁻¹ [2897 (139) kcal · day⁻¹], there was no difference between mean actual and estimated energy requirements. However, there were considerable differences observed on an individual basis. Their energy intake, estimated from 7- day self-reported dietary records, was 8.9 (1.7) MJ · day⁻¹ [2128 (395) kcal · day⁻¹], which was significantly lower than their TEE (P < 0.05). Resting energy expenditure (REE), as determined by indirect calorimetry, was 5.2 (0.3) MJ · day⁻¹ [1247 (75) kcal · day⁻¹]. Their physical activity level (TEE/REE) was 2.18 (0.43). These results demonstrate that the TEE values of elite female synchronized swimmers are not dissimilar to those reported for athletes participating in other sports, especially competitive swimmers during moderate-intensity training. Accepted: 26 May 2000     

CSS-Ⅱ型ECG微机自动诊断与临床金标准在1160例中的比较研究

作者自行设计的CSS-Ⅱ型心电图微型计算机自动诊断系统试用于临床,受试者1160例,其中波形异常和心律失常共247份心电图,从913份正常心电图中随机抽样106份,两者共计353份图纸,用本研究诊断确定的“金标准”(Gold standard)与该系统的自动诊断结论进行比较。结果:波形诊断及心律失常的诊断一致率均在90％以上,排除了机遇诊断一致率,其波形为90％,心律失常为88％。     

Laparoscopic bilateral inguinal hernia repair: Should it be the preferred technique?

Inguinal hernias are amongst the most common conditions requiring general surgical intervention. For decades, the preferred approach was the open repair. As laparoscopy became more popular and available and more surgeons became familiarized with this modality, laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair became an alternative. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of laparoscopic inguinal repair, with a focus on bilateral inguinal hernias. Initial reports have shown promising clinical outcomes compared to those of conventional repair of bilateral hernias. However, there are only a few studies concerning laparoscopic repair of bilateral hernias. It is yet to be proven that laparoscopy is the “gold standard” in the treatment of bilateral inguinal hernias. So far, the choice of an inguinal hernia repair technique has been up to each surgeon, depending on their expertise and available resources after taking into consideration each patient’s needs.