降钙素原在鉴别脓毒症患儿细菌感染类别的临床意义

目的探讨降钙素原(PCT)定量检测判断脓毒症患儿革兰阴性菌(GN)感染及革兰阳性菌(GP)感染的临床价值。方法回顾性分析2011年12月-2012年4月湖南省儿童医院所有诊断为脓毒症的住院患儿的病历资料,比较GN感染患儿及GP感染患儿PCT水平,根据ROC曲线判断PCT的诊断性能。结果共83例脓毒症患儿纳入研究,GN感染者住院时间较GP感染者短、PCT水平较GP感染者高,PCT区分GN及GP的敏感性、特异性、准确度分别为78.6%、81.5%、79.5%,ROC曲线下面积为0.801。结论 PCT对区分脓毒症患儿革兰阴性菌及革兰阳性菌感染具有一定的临床价值,可辅助指导临床早期合理应用抗生素。     

基于酪胺信号放大和金标银染的致病菌生物芯片检测方法的灵敏度评价研究

目的对基于酪胺信号放大和金标银染技术的致病菌可视化生物芯片检测方法进行评价。方法以伤寒沙门氏菌和痢疾志贺菌作为检测对象,建立生物芯片的TSA-金标银染高灵敏度可视化检测技术,优化试剂浓度、反应温度、温育及银染时间等检测条件,比较了TSA-金标银染与单独金标银染、TSA-金标银染与TSA-荧光的检测灵敏度。并对进口水产品样品进行了伤寒沙门氏菌和痢疾志贺菌的应用检测。结果检测条件优化结果为：Streptavidin-HRP稀释比例为1：1 500,Biotin-Tyramine稀释比例为1：200＋0.5%H2O2,Streptavidin-Nanogold稀释比例为1：100;温育温度37℃,温育时间20 min,银染显色时间8～10 min。TSA-金标银染比单独金标银染的检测灵敏度提高10～100倍,与TSA-荧光的检测灵敏度相同,达到103CFU/ml。检测进出口水产品样品伤寒沙门氏菌和痢疾志贺菌结果与SN标准方法检测结果一致。结论基于酪胺信号放大和金标银染技术的致病菌可视化生物芯片检测方法,为致病菌低成本快速检测提供了新思路。     

核仁形成区嗜银蛋白定量对结肠癌分型、分级的诊断意义

对１１４例不同类型和级别的结肠癌进行银染核仁形成区嗜银蛋白（Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ）形态定量研究．结果表明，Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ数量、大小和分布在结肠未分化癌和印戒细胞癌组与管状腺癌和粘液腺癌组比较，有明显差异．管状腺癌随分化程度的降低，Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ的数量、形态、大小和分布也发生等级性变化．结果提示，Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ形态定量的数量、形态、大小和分布４项指标对结肠癌分型有一定意义，对管状腺癌分级有较好的诊断价值。     

Use of a lignocaine-prilocaine cream as an analgesic in dye laser treatment of port-wine stains

A eutectic mixture of two local anaesthetics—prilocaine and lignocaine (EMLA cream)—has been investigated for its usefulness as an analgesic in the treatment of facial port-wine stains with the tunable dye laser. The cream provided adequate analgesia in eight of 10 patients assessed and was well tolerated. The results of treatment after use of EMLA cream were no different from those where conventional analgesia had been used, and EMLA cream can be recommended for analgesia during laser treatment of port-wine stains.     

Bone phosphoprotein of newborn rat calvaria detected histochemically with the cationic carbocyanine dye “Stains-all”

Abstruct The originally mineralized area of a fixed and demineralized specimen of newborn rat calvarium was stained blue with Stains-all, which stained phosphoprotiens, glycoproteins and Ca-binding proteins blue. The material stained blue in the histological sections was solubilized by an acidic solution and found to be the protein (Stains-all positive protein = SAPP). This SAPP was found to consist of two different types of phosphoproteins, which had the same amino acid sequence at the N-terminal region and a quite similar amino acid composition to each other. The minor one was equal to the 44kD phosphoprotein which has previously been reported by Prince et al (J. Biol. Chem., 262, 2900, 1987). The major one was a 66kD phosphoprotein, it's molecular weight being determined by SDS electrophoresis on a 15% polyacrylamide gel. The result of the amino acid analysis and peptide mapping analysis after CNBr cleavage contained no Met. Based on its solubility characteristics at sequential extractions with three acidic solutions (pH 5.5, pH 3.5 and pH 2.6), the histochemically discovered SAPP was believed to be bound to the matrix by a weak ionic bond and covered with mineral. It is suggested that the Met free phosphoprotein is a new protein in the mineralized phase of newborn rat calvaria and participates in the induction of bone mineralization.     

门诊下腰疼437例的病因分析

通过对４３７例门诊下腰疼患者的病因分析，发现中老年患者是主要就诊对象，女性患者多于男性，慢性腰疼患者居多。腰部外伤和退行性变是腰疼的主要病因。各种病因与腰部组织的结构、患者年龄、性别、工作性质、环境、气候等有密切关系。引起腰疼的病因或单一存在，或重叠并存；有直接原因，也有继发因素；有新鲜损伤，也有陈旧病灶，存在诊断的复杂性。因此，详细询问病史，认真查体是了解发病原因的主要手段。     

Two rapid methods of counterstaining flourescent dye tracer containing sections without reducing the flourescence

A method is described for counterstaining neural tissue containing cells that are retrogradely labeled by flourescent dyes or horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Specifically, protocols are detailed for the combined use of the tracers with Methylene blue for a Nissl stain or with silver methods for the detection of acetylcholine esterase. The usefulness of these techniques is evaluated in relation to cortico-cortico and thalamocortico projections. The findings indicate that the methods do not mask the labeling of the most sensitive fluorescent dyes or by HRP. Only the yellow dyes are significantly affected by the Methylene blue counterstain. Further, Fast blue labeling in neurons is not significantly diminished by the Bodian fiber stain. The effect of coverslipping sections containing fluorescent dye labeled cells also was evaluated and found to significantly extend the life of the labeling while not reducing the sensitivity. Thus the two counterstaining techniques provide excellent structural information, do not seriously affect tracer labeling and have few of the disadvantages common to other counterstaining methods.     

A Case of I-Cell Disease

A case of I-cell disease is reported. The patient suffered from several episodes of pneumonia, and died of pneumonia at 12 months of age. Tissue specimens obtained at autopsy were stained with colloidal iron to demonstrate acid mucopolysaccharides. Characteristic foamy changes were observed in organs such as the heart, kidneys, liver, spleen and brain. An interesting finding in this case was that not only the interstitial cells but the alveolar epithelium in the lung showed the same foamy changes. The major causes of death of patients with I-cell disease are congestive heart failure and recurrent respiratory infections. However, there have been few reports on the histological changes in the lungs, and none have described the changes in the alveolar epithelium. Further cases must be investigated to examine the pathological relation between the histological changes in the lungs and the cause of death, because recurrent respiratory infections are the major contributor to death in patients with I-cell disease.     

DNA酸解后甲基绿——派洛宁改良染色法在胃癌,食管癌诊断中的应用

目的 对ＤＮＡ酸解后甲基酸－－派洛宁染色进行改良并用于肿瘤诊断。方法 收集已明确诊断的常规外检标本胃癌及食管癌共１２６例，应用改良染色法对ＤＮＡ酸解后组织进行染色观察。结果 被染组织色彩艳丽可清楚显示肿瘤细胞的染色强度及染色数量，清楚显示肥大细胞的形态特点，也显示其他多种组织成分。结论 ＤＮＡ酸解后甲基绿－－派洛宁改良染色法可用于判定肿瘤的增殖活性及分化程度，用于区别良、恶性病变，也适用于其他病理外检的诊断及组织形态学研究。