Use of Fertility Preservation Among a Cohort of Transgirls in the Netherlands

Purpose

The primary aims of the study are to examine the rate of attempted fertility preservation (FP) among a Dutch cohort of transgirls who started gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog treatment and the reasons why adolescents did or did not choose to attempt FP.

Social origins,early hardship and obesity: A strong association in women,but not in men?

This study investigates the relation between early life conditions and adult obesity in France, using a rich data set collected through the 2003 nationally representative Life History Survey. No salient factor emerged in men, while in women, after controlling for current socio-demographic characteristics, a relation was found between obesity and the following factors: father's occupation (OR = 3.2 for women whose father was a clerical worker, versus those whose father was in a higher-level occupation); experience of economic hardship in childhood (OR = 2.0), and; high parity (OR = 2.1 for parities of more than 3 versus parity of 1). Neither early family history nor mother's working status surfaced as significant factors. Those findings highlight a definite gender pattern, with a strong association between early disadvantage and obesity in women, but not in men. Potential mechanisms are discussed, particularly the “habitus”, the “thrifty phenotype” and the “feast–famine” hypotheses, and possible interactions with childbearing and motherhood. An integration of social and biological perspectives is needed to reach a better understanding of the processes involved, and to achieve progress in primary and secondary prevention.     

西南地区铁路职业人群高尿酸血症患病现状及影响因素的性别差异

目的 探讨西南地区不同性别铁路职业人群高尿酸血症（HUA）患病情况及影响因素。方法 以2020年在中国铁路成都局集团公司联合成都大学附属医院开展的健康列车上体检的23 265名在职职工为研究对象,收集人口学特征和体检指标,采用单因素分析和logistic回归分析,不同性别分层分析。结果 HUA检出率为37.4%,其中男性（39.3%）明显高于女性（13.4%）(P<0.001)。在男性中饮酒、当前吸烟、体质指数（BMI）超标、高甘油三酯（TG）、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、慢性肾病（CKD）的检出率分别为71.8%、61.6%、55.6%、46.1%、38.5%、18.5%、2.3%,均高于女性（22.0%、7.3%、29.4%、18.3%、18.6%、5.4%、0.6%,P<0.001）。性别分层logistic回归分析显示：超重/肥胖、高TG、CKD是男性和女性HUA共同的危险因素（OR>1,P<0.05）,已婚是共同的保护因素（OR<1,P<0.05）。另外,在男性,行车关键岗位（OR=1.07,95...     

我国不同性别老年人成功老龄化与死亡的关系研究

目的 了解我国老年人成功老龄化的现状,并探究不同性别老年人成功老龄化及其组成部分与死亡的关系.方法 数据来源为2010-2016年中国健康与养老全国追踪调查(China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study,CHARLS)数据.采用x2检验比较不同性别老年人成功老龄化之间的差...     

Gender-specific Differences in Clinicopathologic Outcomes Following Radical Cystectomy: An International Multi-institutional Study of More Than 8000 Patients

Background

The impact of gender on the staging and prognosis of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) is insufficiently understood.

Objective

To assess gender-specific differences in pathologic factors and survival of UCB patients treated with radical cystectomy (RC).

Design, setting, and participants

Data from 8102 patients treated with RC (6497 men [80%] and 1605 women [20%]) for UCB between 1971 and 2012 were analyzed.

Outcome measurements and statistical analysis

Multivariable competing-risk regression analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship of gender on disease recurrence (DR) and cancer-specific mortality (CSM). We also tested the interaction of gender and tumor stage, nodal status, and lymphovascular invasion (LVI).

Results and limitations

Female patients were older at the time of RC (p = 0.033) and had higher rates of pathologic stage T3/T4 disease (p < 0.001). In univariable, but not in multivariable analysis, female gender was associated with a higher risk of DR (p = 0.022 and p = 0.11, respectively). Female gender was an independent predictor for CSM (p = 0.004). We did not find a significant interaction between gender and stage, nodal metastasis, or LVI (all p values >0.05).

Conclusions

We found female gender to be associated with a higher risk of CSM following RC. However, these findings do not appear to be explained by gender differences in pathologic stage, nodal status, or LVI. This gender disparity may be due to differences in care and/or the biology of UCB.     

血清Ghrelin和瘦素水平与幽门螺杆菌感染的关系研究

目的 探讨血清Ghrelin和瘦素水平与幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染的关系,进一步明确其临床意义.方法 选取2009年4-7月于北京大学第三医院进行胃镜检查的患者116例,于胃镜检查前抽血检测血清Ghrelin和瘦素水平,同时检测血清Hp抗体.所有患者进行胃镜检查时于胃窦和胃体至少分别钳取一块组织进行Warthin-Starry染色,判定Hp感染情况.血清Ghrelin、瘦素和Hp抗体检测采用ELISA法.结果 Hp阳性患者血清Ghrelin水平低于Hp阴性患者(291.03 pg/ml vs.374.77 pg/ml),Hp阳性患者血清瘦素水平亦低于Hp阴性患者(4.34 ng/ml vs.4.37 ng/ml),但差异均无统计学意义(P值分别为0.288、0.550).男性患者血清Ghrelin水平低于女性患者(232.28 pg/ml vs.403.09 pg/ml),差异有统计学意义(P=0.000);男性患者血清瘦素水平亦低于女性患者(4.24 ng/ml vs.4.46 ng/ml),但差异无统计学意义(P=0.671).男性患者Hp阳性组与Hp阴性组血清Ghrelin水平间差异无统计学意义(243.87 pg/ml vs.205.67 pg/ml,P=0.950),血清瘦素水平间差异亦无统计学意义(4.16 ng/ml vs.4.42 ng/ml,P=0.297).女性患者Hp阳性组与Hp阴性组血清Ghrelin水平间差异无统计学意义(342.12 pg/ml vs.494.54 pg/ml,P=0.330),血清瘦素水平间差异亦无统计学意义(4.54 ng/ml vs.4.34 ng/ml,P=0.856).体质指数(BMI)＜24.0 kg/m2组与BMI≥24.0 kg/m2组血清Ghrelin水平间差异有统计学意义(362.28 pg/ml vs.238.40 pg/ml,P=0.003),血清瘦素水平间差异亦有统计学意义(3.83 ng/ml vs.5.39 ng/ml,P=0.000).BMI＜24.0 kg/m2时,Hp阳性组与Hp阴性组血清Ghrelin水平间差异无统计学意义(303.85 pg/ml vs.483.81 pg/ml,P=0.107),血清瘦素水平间差异亦无统计学意义(3.79 ng/ml vs.3.91 ng/ml,P=0.387).BMI≥24.0 kg/m2时,Hp阳性组与Hp阴性组血清Ghrelin水平间差异无统计学意义(262.06 pg/ml vs.204.39 pg/ml,P=0.621),血清瘦素水平间差异亦无统计学意义(5.59 ng/ml vs.5.10 ng/ml,P=0.388).结论 Hp感染与否对血清Ghrelin及瘦素水平没有影响,性别对血清Ghrelin水平可能有影响,BMI对血清Ghrelin及瘦素水平可能有影响.     

透明牙技术观察不同性别上颌第一前磨牙牙根及根管形态研究

目的探讨应用透明牙技术观察不同性别上颌第一前磨牙牙根及根管形态。方法选择2010年8月～2012年8月口腔正畸患者100例的离体上颌第一前磨牙（100颗）,根据患者的性别进行分组,其中男性组56例（56颗）;女性组44例（44颗）。分析两组患者上颌第一前磨牙牙根形态分布;应用透明牙技术对牙根根管的形态及所占比例进行统计分析。结果①本组100颗离体牙标本中,单根牙55颗,占55．0％;双根牙42颗,占42．0％;三根牙3颗,占3．0％。②男性组单根牙、双根牙以及三根牙分别为18颗、36颗以及2颗,构成比分别为32．14％、64．29％以及3．57％;女性组单根牙、双根牙以及三根牙分别为37颗、6颗以及1颗,构成比分别为84．09％、13．64％以及2．27％,两组牙根形态构成比差异有高度统计学意义（P〈0．01）。③本组93颗透明牙标本中,Ⅰ型10例,占10．75％,Ⅱ型11例,占11．83％,Ⅲ型6例,占6．45％,Ⅳ型51例,占54．84％,Ⅴ型11例,占11．83％,Ⅵ型4例,占4．30％。结论上颌第一前磨牙牙根形态呈现多样性;应用透明牙技术以及解剖技术,可对牙根根管形态进行详细地了解。     

Genre et accidents vasculaires cérébraux à Brazzaville

BackgroundThe relationship between gender and cerebrovascular disease is controversial. The aim of our study was to evaluate the relationship between gender and vascular risk factors, biological variables and the severity of the neurological deficit in stroke.MethodsThis cross-sectional study, conducted from March to August 2011 in the department of neurology of the university hospital of Brazzaville which included all patients hospitalized for confirmed stroke. The study variables were: age, sex, vascular risk factors, NIHSS scores and Glasgow, blood pressure, and the biological exams and complications. Statistical analysis was performed on SPSS12.ResultsEighty patients were included. The mean age was 62.7 ± 11.2 years, with 58.8% of men. Alcohol intake and smoking were more frequent in men than women respectively P = 0.005 and P = 0.032. Psychosocial stress was more often declared by women than men (P = 0.042). However there was no significant difference in biological variables, the severity of stroke and the occurrence of complicationsConclusionOur study suggests that in the Congolese context, gender does not influence significantly most parameters during stroke, but men consume more alcohol and women are exposed to psychosocial stress.     

What is the UK Gender Duty and why is it linked to men's health?

Emerging from contemporary UK equality policy, the Gender Duty is not ostensibly about health, although men's health groups are keen to use it to bring about improvements in the health of men. Nevertheless, the status of men's health as an inequality is contentious and any links to equality policy should not be left unquestioned. In this article, I try to develop a critical but supportive perspective regarding the potential of equality legislation for improving men's health by describing the Gender Duty and exploring the links between equality and human rights and men's health.