酸性成纤维细胞生长因子对庆大霉素诱导的海马星形胶质细胞MDA、NO、SOD、GSH-Px的影响

目的:研究酸性成纤维细胞生长因子(aFGF)对庆大霉素(GM)引起的体外培养的大鼠海马星形胶质细胞损害的保护作用。方法:大鼠海马经分离、剪切、胰蛋白酶消化,进行星形胶质细胞的体外培养。传3代的细胞接种于24孔板培养3d后用于实验。实验分3组:①对照组:正常培养;②GM组:2g/L GM作用24h;③aFGF+GM组:加入4.25μg/L aFGF 24h后再加2g/L GM培养24h。每组设6个复孔,实验重复3次。观察细胞形态及丙二醛(MDA)、一氧化氮(NO)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)变化。结果:对照组:细胞形态多样,呈三极、多极型,折光性强,多数细胞突起相互交织成网状;GM组:细胞大量皱缩,聚集成团,网状结构被破坏,突起连接中断,细胞质内出现较多的颗粒和空泡;aFGF+GM组:细胞皱缩程度减轻,聚集成团现象减少,突起连接中断不明显,细胞质内少见颗粒和空泡。GM组与对照组比较,SOD、GSH-Px酶活性下降,而MDA、NO升高(P<0.01),提示星形胶质细胞的培养和庆大霉素损伤的建模成功;aFGF+GM组与GM组比较,各生化和酶学指标差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:aFGF对庆大霉素诱导的星形胶质细胞损伤有明显的保护作用。     

Glutathione and its metabolizing enzymes in patients with different benign and malignant diseases

Objectives: Evaluation of glutathione (GSH) system in different tumors to reveal its potential usefulness in a clinical setting.

Design and methods: In addition to 10 normal controls, blood and tissue samples (85 benign and 109 malignant) from patients with breast, ovarian, prostatic, and liver neoplasms were investigated. The GSH concentration, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase activities were biochemically measured.

Results: Whereas all the components of the GSH system increased in patients with breast tumors, few components were significantly changed in patients with malignant ovarian, prostatic as well as metastatic liver diseases. GSH had the highest Z scores in ovarian and breast tumors. It was correlated (p < 0.05) with both glutathione S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase in breast cancer and with glutathione S-transferase only in prostate cancer. No correlation could be found in the expression of the GSH system in the blood and tissues of the same group of patients.

Conclusion: This work revealed that measurement of some and/or all components of the GSH system might be of clinical value in some malignant cases.     

铝氟暴露对大鼠血清脂质过氧化反应的影响

目的 探讨铝氟联合暴露对大鼠抗氧化酶活力和脂质过氧化代谢的影响及其动态改变。方法86只雄性SD大鼠按体质量随机分为9组,氯化铝按105、35和0mg/kg,氟化钠按18、3和0mg/kg剂量三水平交叉实验设计,于实验4、8和11周分别采用硫代巴比妥酸法（TBA法）测定血清丙二醛（MDA）含量;黄嘌噙氧化酶法测定越氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活力;二硫代二硝基苯甲酸法（DTNB）测定谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px)的活力。结果 铝和氟暴露的确引起大鼠抗氧化酶活力和脂质过氧化产物含量的改变,表现为铝氟暴露引起x活力升高,且与铝,氟存在剂量-反应关系,动态观察结果提示SOD急性期（4周）反应强烈,活力处于高水平,亚急性或慢性期（8-11周）降低并趋于稳定。结论 铝氟暴露确能引起大鼠抗氧化酶活力改变和脂质过氧化代谢紊乱,脂质过氧化所致辞损伤可能是铝氟毒性重要机制。值得进一步探讨。     

竹叶提取物降低小鼠脂质过氧化、升高GSH-Px和SOD活力的作用研究

目的:研究竹叶提取物抗氧化作用.方法:采用动物实验方法,对竹叶提取物降低脂质过氧化、升高GSH-Px和SOD活力的作用进行了研究.结果:老龄对照组、少龄对照组和各试验组(分别为低剂量、中剂量和高剂量试验组)的血过氧化脂浓度分别为34.57±1.12、33.15±1.12、32.83±0.68、32.26±1.05和30.64±1.11(nmol/L),各试验组明显低于老龄对照组(P<0.001),中剂量和高剂量试验组明显低于少龄对照组(P<0.01).各组血SOD活性分别为100.19±10.14、123.26±7.97、118.82±11.77、143.79±13.40和149.18±9.40(U/m1),各试验组SOD活性明显高于老龄对照组(P<0.01和<0.001),中剂量和高剂量组SOD活性明显高于少龄对照组(P<0.01);各组血GSH-Px活性分别为157.06±2.52、165.79±1.53、166.49±1.68、167.96±2.13和169.91±1.94(U/ml),各试验组GSH-Px活性明显高于老龄对照组(P<0.001),中剂量和高剂量试验组GSH-Px活性明显高于少龄对照组(P<0.01和<0.001).结论:竹叶提取物具有明显降低脂质过氧化、升高SOD和GSH-Px活力的作用.     

川芎嗪对老龄小鼠心,肝组织中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活化的影响

川芎嗪不同剂量给老龄小鼠灌胃，连续4周．大剂量组可显著升高老龄小鼠心、肝谷光甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH－PX）活性（P＜0.05）。结果提示，川芎嗪通过提高心、肝脏中GSH－PX的活性，能有效地抑制自由基反应，减少自由基对机体的毒害，有抗衰老作用．     

矽尘作业者血抗脂质过氧化活性变化

作者测定了矽尘作业者和对照组血超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的活性变化,结果是矽尘作业者和健康对照组SOD、GSH-Px的活性分别为2.396±0.413(×10~3u/gHb)、35.06±6.94(μmol GSH被氧化量/min·gHb)和2.098±0.591(×10~3u/gHb)、27.41±9.20(μmol GSH被氧化量/min·gHb),前者均显著高于后者,同时SOD、GSH-Px活性高尘龄组也显著高于低尘龄组,揭示长期接触矽尘机体内的脂质过氧化和抗过氧化活性均处于亢奋状态。抗脂质过氧化活性的增强,可能是机体的一种防御性机制,是矽尘作业者机体对二氧化硅细胞毒性作用的不同阶段的反应。     

鹰嘴豆蛋白酶解物对D-半乳糖衰老小鼠抗氧化能力的影响

目的研究不同剂量鹰嘴豆蛋白酶解物(CPH)对D-半乳糖致衰小鼠血清、心脏和肝脏抗氧化能力的影响。方法D-半乳糖连续颈部注射制作亚急性衰老的小鼠模型,采用生物化学方法检测各组小鼠血清、心脏和肝组织匀浆中超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)、谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的活力及丙二醛(MDA)的含量。结果D-半乳糖致衰小鼠SOD活力、GSH-Px活力均明显下降,MDA含量明显上升,与正常小鼠比较差异显著;不同剂量的鹰嘴豆蛋白酶解物灌胃给药后均能提高小鼠血清、肝脏和心脏组织中的SOD和GSH-Px,同是降低血清、心脏和肝脏组织中MDA浓度;其效果与VE效果相当。结论鹰嘴豆蛋白酶解物能显著提高亚急性衰老小鼠的抗氧化能力,尤以高剂量组效果最好,具有一定延缓衰老的作用。     

Propolis alleviates aluminium-induced lipid peroxidation and biochemical parameters in male rats

Aluminium is present in many manufactured foods and medicines and is also added to drinking water during purification purposes. Therefore, the present experiment was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of propolis in alleviating the toxicity of aluminium chloride (AlCl₃) on biochemical parameters, antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation of male Wistar Albino rats. Animals were assigned to 1 of 4 groups: control; 34 mg AlCl₃/kg bw; 50 mg propolis/kg bw; AlCl₃ (34 mg/kg bw) plus propolis (50 mg/kg bw), respectively. Rats were orally administered their respective doses daily for 70 days. The levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) was increased, and the activities of glutathione S-transferase, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase were decreased in liver, kidney and brain of rats treated with AlCl₃. While, TBARS was decreased and the antioxidant enzymes were increased in rats treated with propolis alone. Plasma transaminases, lactate dehydrogenase, glucose, urea, creatinine, bilirubin, total lipid, cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-c were increased, while total protein, albumin and high HDL-c were decreased due to AlCl₃ administration. The presence of propolis with AlCl₃ alleviated its toxic effects in rats treated with AlCl₃. It can be concluded that propolis has beneficial influences and could be able to antagonize AlCl₃ toxicity.     

Effect of β-naphthoflavone on AhR-regulated genes (CYP1A1, 1A2, 1B1, 2S1, Nrf2, and GST) and antioxidant enzymes in various brain regions of pig

The constitutive and inducible expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and of the AhR-regulated genes coding for CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, CYP2S1, and Nrf2 was investigated by real-time or traditional PCR in cerebral areas (cortex, cerebellum, midbrain, and hippocampus), blood–brain interfaces (meninges and brain microvessels) and liver obtained from control pigs and from pigs treated with β-naphthoflavone (βNF), a potent AhR agonist. The enzymatic activities of ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), and methoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (MEROD), marker for CYP1A1 and CYP1A2, the GST and various antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, GSSG-reductase, and GSH-peroxidase) were also determined in the same CNS regions. The AhR, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, Nrf2 mRNAs were detected, although at different extent, in all the CNS regions, while CYP2S1 mRNA was detected only in midbrain. In the blood–brain interfaces, the constitutive basal expression of AhR and CYP1A1 was comparable to the hepatic one and even higher for CYP1B1 and Nrf2. The treatment with βNF determined the induction of CYP1A1 and 1B1 (but not of AhR, CYP1A2, and Nrf2) mRNA levels in various CNS areas; notably, CYP1A1 mRNA was increased to about 300-fold in the microvessels. The analysis of enzymatic activities revealed that EROD, but not MEROD, was induced in microsomes but not in mitochondria of all the CNS areas. However, the mitochondrial EROD activities were comparable (in midbrain, meninges) or higher (in cortex, cerebellum, hippocampus) than the microsomal ones, suggesting an important metabolic function of CYP1A1 in this subcellular localization. The activities of GST and antioxidant enzymes were detected in all CNS tissues, with levels lower than the hepatic ones, but found quite evenly distributed and marginally affected by βNF treatment. The high expression of metabolic enzymes found in blood–brain interfaces could represent a very important defence toward toxins of CNS.     

白芍水煎剂对老龄小鼠抗衰老作用的实验研究

中药白芍水煎剂给予老龄小鼠灌胃(10g/kg),每日一次,连用4周。采用邻苯三酚自氧化法、DTNB和TBA比色法测定红细胞超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,全血谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力和红细胞中及血浆中MDA含量。结果表明,白芍水煎剂能显著增强老龄小鼠红细胞SOD活性、全血GSH-Px的活力,而且可显著降低红细胞和血浆中MDA含量,故具有延缓衰老作用。