海藻萜类化合物对酒精暴露大鼠抗氧化作用

目的 观察凹顶藻萜类化合物(LET)对酒精暴露大鼠的抗氧化作用,并探讨可能的机制。方法 60只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为6组。酒精模型组给予乙醇7.2g/(kg·d);LET低、中、高剂量干预组分别给予LET 25,50,100 mg/(kg·d);甘利欣药物组给予甘利欣200 mg/(kg·d)灌胃;空白对照组给予等体积蒸馏水。除空白组外,酒精剂量均同模型组。实验进行7 d后,取血,留取肝组织。电镜观察肝组织超微结构,检测血清和肝匀浆中抗氧化酶的活力。结果 电镜下观察到酒精模型组肝细胞内线粒体肿胀,Kupffer细胞周围可见胶原纤维。LET各干预组胞浆内可见少量脂滴。LET低剂量干预组血清及肝匀浆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力分别为(282.39±78.89)、(294.87±162.96)高于模型组[(90.73±48.52)(208.64±43.32)](P<0.05);LET中剂量干预组血清及肝匀浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力分为(245.76±10.64)、(1474.11±402.38),LET、高剂量干预组GSH-Px活力(258.67±7.15)、(1877.24±643.0),均高于模型组(218.75±10.24)(953.56±341.84)(P<0.05)。结论 LET可增强酒精暴露大鼠体内抗氧化酶的活性:改善超微结构的病理损伤,从而对酒精造成的机体氧化损伤起保护作用。     

葡萄籽提取物对人体抗氧化作用的实验研究

目的探讨葡萄籽提取物对人体的抗氧化作用。方法将106例年龄在45～65岁之间的健康志愿者按血清丙二醛含量随机分为试食组和对照组,受试组连续服用受试物180d。测定血清中丙二醛（MDA）含量及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性和安全性指标。结果试食后试食组丙二醛含量明显下降,下降率为5.91%;超氧化物歧化酶活性明显升高,与对照组试食后及自身试验前后比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,升高率为17.41%;谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性明显升高,升高率为7.37%。各项安全性指标试验前后均无明显改变。结论葡萄籽提取物对人体具有抗氧化作用。     

Mogrosides extract from Siraitia grosvenori scavenges free radicals in vitro and lowers oxidative stress,serum glucose,and lipid levels in alloxan-induced diabetic mice

This study evaluated the supplementation of a mogrosides extract (MG) from fruits of Siraitia grosvenori on reducing oxidative stress, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. The oxygen free radical scavenging activity of MG was also assessed in vitro. After induction of diabetes, a significant increase in the levels of serum glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), and hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) as well as a reduction in the level of hepatic high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) associated with diminution of the corresponding antioxidant enzymes, such as glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase, were observed in all diabetic mice. Treatment of diabetic mice with MG (100, 300, and 500 mg/kg ) for 4 weeks significantly decreased serum glucose, TC, TG, and hepatic MDA levels (P < .05), whereas it increased serum HDL-C level and reactivated the hepatic antioxidant enzymes (P < .05) in alloxan-induced diabetic mice (P < .05). The hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and antioxidative activities of MG (100 mg/kg treatment) were all higher compared with all other diabetic groups and were similar to that observed for XiaoKeWan-pill (894 mg/kg; Guangzhou Zhongyi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China), a Chinese traditional antidiabetic drug. Antioxidant capacity evaluated in vitro showed that MG and mogroside V, which was the main component of MG, possessed strong oxygen free radical scavenging activities. These results demonstrate that the extract may have capacity to inhibiting hyperglycemia induced by diabetes, and the data suggest that administration of the extract may be helpful in the prevention of diabetic complications associated with oxidative stress and hyperlipidemia. We conclude that the extract should be evaluated as a candidate for future studies on diabetes mellitus.     

电磁脉冲照射对小鼠脑组织氧化状态的影响及姜黄素的治疗作用

目的观察电磁脉冲（EMR）照射后小鼠脑组织超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）、丙二醛（MDA）的变化及姜黄素的防护作用。方法40只小鼠随机分为空白对照组、单纯EMR组、EMR＋姜黄素低剂量（20mg／kg／d）组、中剂量（40mg／kg／d）组、高剂量（80mg／kg／d）组，每组8只。EMR组和EMR＋姜黄素组小鼠接受200kV／m的EMR照射，EMR＋姜黄素组小鼠同时每日给予不同剂量的姜黄素，5d后停止照射及给药，测定小鼠脑组织中SOD、GSH-Px、MDA的变化。结果与空白对照组比较，EMR照射组小鼠脑组织SOD与GSH-Px活性及MDA含量上升（均P〈0．05）；与单纯EMR组比较，EMR＋姜黄素中、高剂量组小鼠脑组织SOD与GSH-Px活性及MDA含量下降（均P〈0.05）。结论200kV／m的EMR照射可导致小鼠脑组织过氧化，姜黄素可通过其抗氧化作用有效治疗这种损伤，且效应呈一定的剂量依赖关系。     

益生汤抗氧化活性研究

目的:研究益生汤抗氧化作用.方法:用体外化学模拟体系研究了益生汤清除DPPH自由基、羟基(·OH)自由基和超氧阴离子(O2-)自由基的能力以及益生汤总的还原能力、抑制亚油酸过氧化作用进行了测定;通过D-半乳糖诱导的衰老小鼠研究益生汤对小鼠心肌线粒体超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,丙二醛(MDA)含量及肝组织中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性的影响.结果:益生汤清除DPPH自由基、·OH自由基和O2-自由基的IC50值分别为0.547 0、0.209 1和0.300 9 mg·ml-1;总还原力的IC50为0.506 2 mg·ml-1;益生汤可明显抑制亚油酸的氧化.体内研究显示,与模型组相比,益生汤可剂量依赖性提高小鼠心肌线粒体中SOD的活性(P＜0.01)和肝组织GSH-Px活性(P＜0.01),降低心肌线粒体中MDA的含量(P＜0.01).结论:益生汤有一定的抗氧化功能,具有良好的开发前景.     

银杏外种皮内酯拮抗D-半乳糖致衰老小鼠作用的实验研究

目的　检测银杏外种皮内酯拮抗D 半乳糖致衰老小鼠的作用。方法　给小鼠腹腔注射D 半乳糖建立衰老模型 ,同时以银杏外种皮内酯作为抗衰老实验药物灌服。 6w以后 ,与对照小鼠比较在行为、记忆及脑组织内丙二醛 (MDA)含量及超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH -Px)活性的差异。结果　银杏外种皮内酯可增强小鼠脑内SOD、GSH Px的活性 ,减少MDA的含量 ,提高小鼠的记忆学习能力。结论　银杏外种皮内酯具有一定的抗脑衰老作用。     

血清TSH测定与纸片TSH测定的对比观察

观察了６３例正常成人血清ＴＳＨ与纸片ＴＳＨ关系，并与１０４例新生儿纸片ＴＳＨ进行对比分析。结果表明，成人血清ＴＳＨ与纸片ＴＳＨ无显著性差异；成人纸片ＴＳＨ与新生儿纸片ＴＳＨ也无显著性差异。提示纸片ＴＳＨ测定可代替血清ＴＳＨ测定用于碘缺乏病的人群监测。     

苯乙烯作业工人血GSH含量和GSH-Px活力的研究

目的：研究苯乙烯接触工人血中谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）的变化。方法：选择接触苯乙烯工人54人为接触组,选择年龄、性别构成与接触组相似的不接触遗传毒物的工人25人为对照组。血中GSH含量和GSH-PX活力测定,采用二硫代二硝基苯甲酸（DNTB）比色法。结果：苯乙烯接触组工人GSH-Px活力明显升高,与对照组比较差异有显著性。结论：接触苯乙烯使工人GSH-Px活力增加,导致脂质过氧化改变。     

Effect of taurine supplementation on cytochrome P450 2E1 and oxidative stress in the liver and kidneys of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes

To investigate whether diabetes-induced alterations of CYP2E1 and oxidative stress can be modulated by dietary taurine supplementation, male Wistar rats were divided into non-diabetic, diabetic, and diabetic taurine-supplemented groups (administered at 2% in the drinking water). Increased levels of CYP2E1-catalyzed p-nitrophenol hydroxylation were found in liver and kidney microsomes of rats with STZ-induced diabetes compared to those of non-diabetic control rats. Immunoblot and RT-PCR analyses of CYP2E1 protein and mRNA levels in the liver and kidneys showed the same trend as with enzyme activities. Taurine supplementation significantly decreased the enzyme activity and expression (protein and mRNA) of CYP2E1 in diabetic rat kidneys. Plasma β-hydroxybutyrate concentration was significantly reduced in taurine-treated diabetic rats. The induction of heme oxygenase-1 mRNA was suppressed by taurine treatment in diabetic rat kidneys. An increase in reduced glutathione (GSH) and a higher ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) together with lower values of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) were observed in the kidneys of taurine-treated diabetic rats. However, taurine supplementation caused only a slight or insignificant effect on these alternations in the liver of diabetic rats. Our results show dietary taurine may reduce CYP2E1 expression and activity, and oxidative stress in kidneys of diabetic rats.     

针药合用刺激嗅觉系统对血管性痴呆大鼠学习记忆功能及海马自由基系统的影响

[目的]探讨针药合用刺激嗅觉系统对血管性痴呆大鼠学习记忆功能及海马自由基系统的影响作用。[方法]成年SD雄性大鼠48只,体重（300±10）g。随机分为正常对照组、VD模型组、VD嗅球损毁模型组、嗅三针组、丁香酚刺激组和针药合用组,每组8只。制作VD大鼠模型和VD并损毁嗅球大鼠模型,分别通过嗅三针电刺激、丁香酚刺激、针药合用方法,测试大鼠水迷宫学习记忆能力并测定海马MDA含量、GSH-Px和SOD活性。[结果]定位航行试验显示,平均逃避潜伏期和平均游泳路程比较,正常对照组明显短于VD模型组（P〈0.01）;嗅三针组、丁香酚刺激组和针药合用组均明显短于VD模型组（P〈0.01）;针药合用组短于嗅三针组、丁香酚刺激组（P〈0.05）;嗅三针组与丁香酚刺激组相比较,其差异无显著性意义（P〉0.05）;VD模型组与VD嗅球损毁模型组相比较,其差异无显著性意义（P〉0.05）。海马自由基系统检测显示：与正常对照组比较,VD模型组海马MDA含量显著增高（P〈0.01）,而海马GSH-Px和SOD活性明显降低（P〈0.01）;与VD模型组比较,嗅三针组、丁香酚刺激组和针药合用组海马MDA含量显著降低（P〈0.01）,而海马GSH-Px和SOD活性显著增高（P〈0.01）;针药合用组与嗅三针组、丁香酚刺激组比较,海马MDA含量降低（P〈0.05）。[结论]嗅三针和丁香酚均能够显著增强VD大鼠学习记忆功能、能降低海马MDA的含量、并且提高海马GSH-Px和SOD的活。