Immunohistochemical expression of myofibroblasts,TGF-β1 and IFN-γ in oral fibrous lesions

ObjectiveAnalyze the presence of myofibroblasts (MFBs) in oral fibrous lesions and investigate TGF-β1 and IFN-γ expression by immunohistochemistry during their differentiation.DesignTwenty giant cell fibromas (GCFs), 20 fibromas (FIBs), and 20 fibrous hyperplasias (FHs) were selected. To evaluate the presence of MFBs, anti-α-SMA-immunoreactive cells were quantified in connective tissue. TGF-β1 and IFN-γ expressions were evaluated in epithelial and connective tissue by determining the percentage of immunoreactive cells.ResultsHigher MFBs concentrations were observed in GCFs (median of 20.00), followed by FHs (15.00) and FIBs (14.00) (P = 0.072). No significant correlation between TGF-β1 or IFN-γ immunoexpression and the number of MFBs in oral fibrous lesions was observed (P > 0.05).ConclusionsThe higher density of MFBs found in GCFs, followed by FHs and FIBs, reaffirms the fibrogenic role of these cells, while the higher concentrations detected in GCFs, including evidence of giant MFBs, also suggest a role in the neoplastic behavior of these lesions. No correlation was observed between TGF-β1 and IFN-γ in the myofibroblastic transdifferentiation process of the analyzed lesions.     

When to do surgical resection for atypical breast lesions: Results of a prospective cohort of 518 lesions

AimThere is no consensual indication for surgical resection after diagnosis on per-cutaneous biopsy of borderline breast lesions (B3). We evaluate under-evaluation rate of per-cutaneous biopsy and predictive factors of under-evaluation. We analyze accuracy of reported decision-making tools.MethodsWe conduct a prospective multicentric study including, atypic-ductal hyperplasia (ADH), atypic-lobular hyperplasia (ALH), atypic-cylindro-cubic metaplasia (FEA), papilloma, radial scars (RS) and phyllod tumors. When several B3 lesions were associated, the more severe lesion was used to classify the lesion. We determined breast cancers (BC) rate and histologic type.Among 478 patients, 518 B3 lesions were studied: 15.1% (78) FEA, 48.6% (252) ADH, 16.8% (n = 87) ALH, 5.4% (n = 28) RS, 12% (n = 62) papilloma, 0.8% (n = 4) phyllod tumors and 0,8% (n = 4) with a suspicious low grade DCIS. More than 1 lesion was identified in 31.9% (165) of cases.A surgical resection was performed for 86.3% (447/518) lesions. Significant factors of surgical resection were: residual micro-calcification after biopsy (OR: 2.7) and type of B3 lesion.ResultsOverall BC rate was 15.3% (68/445) with 79.4% (54) in-situ carcinomas. According to B3 lesions, BC rates were 12.9% for FEA, 20% for ADH, 11.6% for ALH, 3.7% for RS, 8.8% for papilloma and 25% for suspicious in-situ carcinoma.A score has been calculated and patients were distributed in 3 groups. Patient's rates without BC were respectively: 100%, 80.4% and 80.6% (p = 0.029).ConclusionIn conclusion, it could be suggested to avoided complementary surgical resection in case of good radio-pathologic concordance and low probability of BC.     

Tumour-like lesions of the spleen

Tumour-like lesions of the spleen are very rare lesions but can cause diagnostic confusion due to their varying morphologic patterns. These lesions behave in a benign fashion. Included in this group are hamartomas, sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation (SANT), inflammatory pseudotumors, and possibly IgG4-related disease. Clinically, these lesions are often discovered incidentally on imaging or at autopsy. However radiological and morphological findings can be misleadingly worrisome. It is therefore important to be familiar with these lesions to distinguish them from malignant lesions.     

Hand‐foot‐skin reaction related to use of the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib and hard orthotics

Hand‐foot‐skin reaction is a distinct clinical condition arising in association with the use of multikinase inhibitors, including sorafenib. Because multikinase inhibitors are increasingly being used in children with cancer, recognition of this previously unfamiliar condition is of importance to pediatric dermatologists. We describe the diagnosis and successful treatment of a case of hand‐foot‐skin reaction in a child taking sorafenib for an unresectable desmoid tumor.     

中药诱导胃癌及癌前病变细胞凋亡研究进展

目的:探讨中药诱导胃癌及癌前病变细胞凋亡的研究进展。方法:对近年来胃癌及癌前病变细胞凋亡相关文献进行分析、总结,并提出研究中的不足及展望。结果:中药及复方可诱导胃癌及癌前病变细胞凋亡。结论:中药及其复方可通过诱导细胞凋亡,从而治疗胃癌及癌前病变。     

WAIS-III VIQ–PIQ and VCI–POI Discrepancies in Lateralized Cerebral Damage

We evaluated Verbal IQ (VIQ)–Performance IQ (PIQ) and Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI)–Perceptual Organization Index (POI) discrepancies among 16 patients with right-sided and 20 with left-sided cerebral lesions. Means for age and education among left hemisphere-damaged patients were 46.25 years (SD = 17.42) and 12.17 years (SD = 2.87). Means and standard deviations for age and education were 47.86 years (SD = 16.83) and 12.27 years (SD = 2.46) for those with right-sided damage. Left hemisphere lesions produced nonsignificant VIQ < PIQ and VCI < POI means, whereas right hemisphere damage resulted in significant VIQ > PIQ and VCI > POI mean discrepancies. Additional analyses indicated that neither discrepancy score was effective in identifying lateralized brain damage.     

Histopathologic study of the rectum in 1,438 consecutive rectal specimens in a single Japanese hospital: I. benign lesions

The author investigated histopathology of 1,438 consecutive rectal specimens in the last 10 years of our pathology laboratory in Japan. A computer review of pathologic reports was done. Observations of pathologic slides were performed, when appropriate. The rectal specimens were composed of 1,022 benign lesions and 416 malignant lesions. The 1,022 benign lesions were composed non-specific proctitis (n=460, 45%), adenoma (n=248, 24%), ulcerative colitis (n=98, 10%), hyperplastic polyp (n=54, 5%), carcinoma in adenoma (n=40, 4%), rectal ulcer (n=37, 4%), serrated adenoma (n=24, 2%), hyperplastic nodule (n=21, 2%), Crohn’s disease (n=9, 1%), ischemic proctitis (n=8, 0.8%), mucosal prolapse syndrome (n=7, 0.6%), juvenile polyp (n=6, 0.6%), lymphoid hyperplasia (n=5, 0.5%), lipoma (n=4, 0.4%) and amebic dysentery (n=2, 0.2%), and mature cystic teratoma (n=1, 0.1%). In this article, histopathological features of these benign lesions were described in details. In particular, adenomas were classified into adenomas with mild, moderate, and severe atypia, serrated adenoma, and carcinoma in adenoma. The later are mainly seen in large adenoma with severe atypia. Ulcerative colitis was characterized by continuous lesion, crypt abscess, abnormal branching, and deletion of goblet cells. Crohn’s disease was characterized by transmural inflammation and epithelioid granulomas. Ischemic colitis was characterized by ischemic necrotic changes and pseudomembrane formation. Mucosal prolapse syndrome was characterized by abnormal muscle in the mucosa (fibromuscular obliterance). Juvenile polyp was characterized by abnormal dilations of the crypts. Lymphoid hyperplasia must be differentiated from MALT lymphoma. Lipoma was ordinary lipoma without lipoblasts. Amebic dysentery was characterized by ulcer and presence of histiocyte-like entamoeba histolitica. Mature cystic teratoma was characterized by hairs and other elements of skin and mesodermal and endodermal components.