重组日本血吸虫铁蛋白粘膜免疫诱导小鼠保护力的研究

目的　探讨重组日本血吸虫铁蛋白(rSjFer)粘膜免疫诱导小鼠抗血吸虫的保护性免疫。　方法　实验鼠分为8组,每组10只,包括rSjFer、霍乱毒素B亚单位(CTB)和rSjFer+CTB灌胃免疫组,以及rSjFer、CTB和rSjFer+CTB滴鼻免疫组,PBS灌胃及滴鼻对照组。在第3次免疫后2wk,经腹部感染日本血吸虫尾蚴40±1条,45d后解剖观察减虫率和减卵率。在免疫前和感染前尾静脉采血和取粪样,ELISA检测血清IgA、IgG及粪内sIgA水平。　结果　灌胃及滴鼻各组减虫率依次为3.98%、3.77%、25.57%及7.69%、4.50%、33.35%,每克肝减卵率依次为3.76%、2.46%、34.75%及4.40%、0.06%、60.10%。　结论　rSjFer粘膜免疫能诱导小鼠产生抗血吸虫的保护性免疫。     

Wartość diagnostyczna i zastosowanie kliniczne biomarkerów oraz ferrytynemii w chorobie Gauchera

Gaucher disease is a progressive, multisystem lysosomal storage disorder caused by the deficient activity of the lysosomal enzyme, glucocerebrosidase (GBA), arising from autosomal recessive mutations in the GBA1 gene (1q21). There are several biomarkers used in Gaucher disease (i.e., chitotriosidase, CCL18/PARC, tartrate resistant acid phosphatase, angiotensin-converting enzyme), however, all of them have some disadvantages. It is believed that none of these biomarkers has a significant correlation with the clinical severity of Gaucher disease. A high proportion of patients with type 1 Gaucher disease present with hyperferritinemia, however, the pathophysiology of the high ferritin serum levels in Gaucher disease has not yet been elucidated and different mechanisms are possible. This review presents a current knowledge on biomarkers useful for diagnostic and monitoring of Gaucher disease with a focus on ferritinemia.     

Iron overload induces changes of pancreatic and duodenal divalent metal transporter 1 and prohepcidin expression in mice

It is well known that the iron content of the body is tightly regulated. Iron excess induces adaptive changes that are differentially regulated in each tissue. The pancreas is particularly susceptible to iron-related disorders. We studied the expression and regulation of key iron proteins in the pancreas, duodenum and liver, using an animal model of iron overload (female CF1 mice injected i.p. with iron saccharate, colloidal iron form). Divalent metal transporter 1, prohepcidin and ferritin (pancreas, duodenum, liver) were assessed by immunohistochemistry; divalent metal transporter 1 (pancreas, duodenum) by Western blot. In the iron overloaded mice, prohepcidin expression increased in islets of Langerhans and hepatocytes, and divalent metal transporter 1 expression decreased in cells of islets and in enterocytes. In the iron overloaded mice, ferritin expression decreased in islets of Langerhans and increased in acinar cells; hemosiderin was localized in connective tissue cells. The inverse relationship between divalent metal transporter 1 and prohepcidin may indicate a negative regulation by hepcidin, and hence reduction of iron stores in islets of Langerhans. Our data showed that in iron overloaded mice model, induced by colloidal iron form, a coordinated expression of key iron proteins in the pancreas, duodenum and liver may occur. Further research will be necessary to determine the adaptive responses induced by iron in the pancreas.     

Ferritin involved in the tumor development

Ferritin is a kind of glycoprotein synthesized by the liver. Being the main form of stored iron in the body, it plays an important role in the iron balance. When the iron level in the body increases, ferritin can intake and storage the iron avoid- ing the cytotoxicity caused by the high level of Jntracellular iron; when body needs more iron, ferritJn can release iron at any time. Recent studies have found that tumor tissue can synthesize and secrete ferritin. Ferritin levels increase in liver cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, leukemia and other malignancies. In this paper, we reviewed the relationship between the changed ferritin and the malignancy disease.     

日本血吸虫重组铁蛋白的粘膜免疫效果研究

目的　构建日本血吸虫铁蛋白(SjFer)原核表达质粒。以壳聚糖作佐剂,探讨重组日本血吸虫铁蛋白(rSjFer)粘膜免疫诱导小鼠抗血吸虫感染的保护力。　方法　用PCR扩增SjFer基因,亚克隆入原核表达载体pTWIN1上intein2的N端 ,经PCR、限制性酶切筛选阳性重组子并经测序鉴定。将阳性重组子转化大肠埃希菌,在低温和低浓度的异丙基βD硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)条件下诱导表达可溶性重组融合蛋白。利用重组融合蛋白的壳聚糖结合功能域(CBD)结合位点,使其与壳聚糖结合,经滴鼻免疫小鼠,于第3次免疫后2周攻击感染,用减虫率和减卵率表示保护力。感染前采血和唾液用ELISA检测抗体。　结果　成功克隆并表达了rSjFer。rSjFer以壳聚糖作佐剂经滴鼻免疫获得了35.51%的减虫率和52.17%的减卵率。免疫后小鼠血清IgG和IgA及唾液SIgA抗体水平与对照组比较均明显升高。　结论　获得了rSjFer,该蛋白以壳聚糖作佐剂经粘膜免疫能诱导小鼠产生部分抗血吸虫感染的保护力。     

Iron status in Danes updated 1994. I: Prevalence of iron deficiency and iron overload in 1332 men aged 40–70 years. Influence of blood donation, alcohol intake, and iron supplementation

 Iron status, S-ferritin, and hemoglobin (Hb) were assessed in a population survey in 1994 (DAN-MONICA 10) comprising 1332 Caucasian Danish men equally distributed in age cohorts of 40, 50, 60 and 70 years. Blood donors (n=186) had lower S-ferritin, median 76 μg/l, than nondonors, median 169 μg/l (p<0.0001). S-ferritin in donors was inversely correlated with the number of phlebotomies (r _s=–0.57, p<0.0001). S-ferritin in nondonors (n=1146) was similar in men 40–60 years of age, median 176 μg/l, and subsequently decreased at 70 years of age to a median of 146 μg/l (p=0.01). In the entire series, the prevalence of small iron stores (S-ferritin 16–32 μg/l) was 2.7%, that of depleted iron stores (S-ferritin <16 μg/l) 0.45%, and that of iron deficiency anemia (S-ferritin <13 μg/l and Hb <129 g/l) 0.15%. Among nondonors, the prevalence of iron overload (S-ferritin >300 μg/l) was 20%. S-ferritin in nondonors correlated with body mass index (r _s=0.19, p=0.0001) and with alcohol intake (r _s=0.26, p=0.0001). In the entire series, 28% of the subjects took supplemental iron (median 14 mg ferrous iron daily). Iron supplements had no influence on iron status. Nondonors (n=170) treated with acetylsalicylic acid had lower S-ferritin, median 136 μg/l, than nontreated, median 169 μg/l (p<0.001) and those treated with H₂-receptor antagonists (n=30) had lower S-ferritin, median 142 μg/l, than nontreated, median 171 μg/l (p<0.04). Compared with the DAN-MONICA 1 iron status survey of Danish men in 1984, the prevalences of iron depletion and iron deficiency anemia are unchanged whereas the prevalence of iron overload has increased significantly. In Denmark, iron fortification of flour was abolished in 1987. This apparently had no negative effect on iron status in men. Received: November 19, 1998 / Accepted: April 25, 1999     

海拔高度对正常人群红细胞内铁蛋白影响的研究

目的：研究海拔对正常人群红细胞内铁蛋白的影响;方法：本文用放射免疫法,对海拔２２６０ｍ的西宁地区、３７００ｍ的玉树地区正常男性进行红细胞内铁蛋白的测定观察;结果：铁蛋白在不同海拔地区正常人中的含量,随着居住时间、海拔的升高而升高（Ｐ〈０．０１）;结论：说明在缺氧情况下,在生理适应调节或失代偿的病理过程中,海拔对正常人群红细胞内铁蛋白有影响。     

Haematological changes and iron status in teenage girls with eating disorders and weight loss-the importance of menstrual status

AIM: To study haematological changes and iron stores in teenage girls with eating disorders and weight loss. METHODS: Blood haemoglobin concentration, white blood cell and thrombocyte count and serum ferritin concentration were measured at assessments of 446 subjects. RESULTS: Haemoglobin concentrations, leukocyte and thrombocyte counts were related to weight and rate of weight loss but were largely within reference ranges. Serum ferritin concentrations were high in girls with amenorrhea and related to weight and rate of weight loss. Girls who retained menstruations had low serum ferritin concentrations and 37% had depleted iron stores (serum ferritin<16 microg/L). CONCLUSION: Anaemia, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia are uncommon in teenage girls with eating disorders and weight loss. When present, other diseases causing haematological changes should be considered. In amenorrhoic girls muscle catabolism increases serum ferritin concentrations which may give a false impression of an adequate iron status. This is unmasked in girls with retained menstruations who often have depleted iron stores.