A secondary analysis of racial differences in periodic leg movements in sleep and ferritin in hemodialysis patients

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Hemodialysis (HD) is associated with restless legs syndrome (RLS) and periodic leg movements in sleep (PLMS), but the mechanisms underlying these relationships remain unclear. African-American HD patients have been reported previously to have a reduced likelihood of RLS. Alterations in iron metabolism, known to be a risk factor for idiopathic forms of RLS, could represent the basis for these racial differences. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In secondary data analyses from a previously published study, we examined raw and log-transformed values for plasma ferritin and polysomnographically recorded PLMS in Caucasian and African-American HD patients. RESULTS: African-American (n=36) HD patients had higher ferritin and lower PLMS than Caucasians (n=10). However, within the African-American population, ferritin levels were unrelated to PLMS. CONCLUSIONS: These results are compatible with previously reported racial differences in RLS to the extent that PLMS were less common in the African-American population. However, they suggest that if a differential genetic vulnerability underlies those racial differences, it may not manifest as a deficiency in iron metabolism, at least within the constraints of the marker of iron stores used here (e.g. serum ferritin) and in the specific population studied (hemodialysis). Future studies with larger, more representative samples of African-Americans and Caucasians will be required to replicate such differences.     

Ferritin levels in children with severe sepsis and septic shock

AIM: To evaluate serum ferritin level in children with severe sepsis and septic shock and its association with mortality. METHOD: A cohort study of 36 children aged 1 month-16 years with severe sepsis or septic shock requiring intensive care was conducted. Serum ferritin levels were measured at the time of diagnosis of sepsis and a ferritin index (FI=observed serum ferritin divided by the upper limit of normal ferritin for age and gender) was calculated. RESULTS: The median age (range) of the children was 6 (2-100) months. Ferritin was <200 ng/mL in 13 children, 200-500 ng/mL in 11 children and >500 ng/mL in 12 children. The mortality associated with these groups was 23%, 9% and 58%, respectively. A ferritin>500 ng/mL was associated with a 3.2 (1.3-7.9) relative risk of death (p=0.01). FI of 1.7 was the best cutoff value for identifying those who died. In a logistic regression analysis, ferritin level and PRISM were independently associated with mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Ferritin is raised in children with septic shock and high ferritin level is associated with poorer outcome.     

血液透析患者血清SF、TSAT水平与营养状况的相关性分析

目的分析维持性血液透析(MHD)患者血清铁蛋白(SF)、转铁蛋白饱和度(TSAT)水平与营养状况的关系。方法选取MHD患者92例(MHD组)和健康体检者50例(对照组),所有受试对象均完成营养状况评估[改良主观综合营养评估法(MQSGA)]、营养生化指标检测[血清白蛋白(Alb)、血红蛋白(Hb)],并行血清SF、TSAT测定。根据MQSGA评分将MHD组进一步分为重度营养不良亚组、轻中度营养不良亚组、营养正常亚组。结果相较于对照组,MHD组BMI、TSF、MAC、HGS及血清A1b、血清Hb均明显降低(P <0.05),MQSGA评分明显增高(P <0.05)。MHD组血清SF明显高于对照组(P <0.05), TSAT明显低于对照组(P <0.05)。MHD患者不同营养状况亚组血清SF、TSAT水平比较差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05),随着营养不良状况越严重,患者血清SF逐渐增高(P <0. 05),TSAT逐渐降低(P <0.05)。相关性分析显示,MHD患者MQSGA评分与血清SF水平呈正相关(r=0.468,P<0.05),与TSAT水平呈负相关(r=-0.394,P<0. 05)。结论 MHD患者血清SF明显增高,TSAT明显降低,血清SF、TSAT水平可能与MHD患者营养不良相关。     

Iron supplement in pregnancy and development of gestational diabetes—a randomised placebo-controlled trial

Objective  To test the hypothesis that iron supplement from early pregnancy would increase the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
Design  Randomised placebo-controlled trial.
Setting  A university teaching hospital in Hong Kong.
Population  One thousand one hundred sixty-four women with singleton pregnancy at less than 16 weeks of gestation with haemoglobin (Hb) level between 8 and 14 g/dl and no pre-existing diabetes or haemoglobinopathies.
Methods  Women were randomly allocated to receive 60 mg of iron supplement daily ( n = 565) or placebo ( n = 599). Oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) were performed at 28 and 36 weeks. Women were followed up until delivery.
Outcome measures  The primary outcome was development of GDM at 28 weeks. The secondary outcomes were 2-hour post-OGTT glucose levels, development of GDM at 36 weeks and delivery and infant outcomes.
Results  There was no significant difference in the incidence of GDM in the iron supplement and placebo groups at 28 weeks (OR: 1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.7–1.53 at 90% power) or 36 weeks. Maternal Hb and ferritin levels were higher in the iron supplement group at delivery ( P < 0.001 and P = 0.003, respectively). Elective caesarean section rate was lower in the iron supplement group (OR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.37–0.89). Infant birthweight was heavier ( P = 0.001), and there were fewer small-for-gestational-age babies in the iron supplement group (OR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.24–0.85).
Conclusion  Iron supplement from early pregnancy does not increase the risk of GDM. It may have benefits in terms of pregnancy outcomes.     

2型糖尿病患者血清铁蛋白、转铁蛋白的水平及与胰岛素抵抗的相关性分析

目的分析2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者血清铁蛋白（SF）、转铁蛋白（TRF）水平及与胰岛素抵抗的相关性。方法选择山西医科大学第一医院T2DM患者60例为T2DM组,选择同期健康体检者56例为对照组,比较两组收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、体重指数（BMI）、总胆固醇（TC）、尿酸（UA）、腰臀比（WHR）、三酰甘油（TG）、空腹血糖（FPG）、空腹胰岛素（FINS）、胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、胰岛β细胞功能（HOMAβ-cell）、血清铁蛋白（SF）、转铁蛋白（TRF）;分析SF、TRF的相关影响因素。结果①两组DBP、TC、UA水平差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;T2DM组SBP[（133.95±17.64）mm Hg]、BMI[（24.57±3.04）kg/m2]、WHR（0.91±0.04）、TG[（2.09±0.87）mmol/L]、FPG[（7.90±3.04）mmol/L]、FINS[（13.38±6.27）mU/L]、HOMA-IR[（4.64±2.02）]等指标高于对照组[（125.02±12.56）mm Hg、（23.02±2.93）kg/m2、（0.86±0.05）、（1.55±0.67）mmol/L、（4.83±0.53）mmol/L、（9.84±4.72）mU/L、（2.06±1.03）],差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）;T2DM组HDL-C[（1.17±0.49）mmol/L]、HOMAβ-cell（55.81±25.84）低于对照组[（1.51±0.38）mmol/L、（76.79±51.56）],差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。②T2DM组血清SF[（5.84±0.69）ng/mL]、TRF[（13.32±5.88）ng/mL]高于对照组[（4.14±0.79）ng/mL、（9.14±2.93）ng/mL],差异有高度统计学意义（P〈0.01）。③2DM组血清SF水平分别与FINS、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、HOMA-IR、BMI、WHR及SBP呈正相关,与HOMAβ-cell呈负相关（P〈0.01）;血清TRF水平分别与FINS、HOMA-IR、TG及WHR呈正相关（P〈0.01）。结论铁参与了T2DM发生、发展,SF、TRF可能是预测T2DM的因子。     

铁蛋白在慢性肝病和肝癌中表达情况的研究进展

血清铁蛋白含量在慢性病毒性肝炎、肝硬化及肝细胞癌中均有不同程度的增高。组织铁蛋白在慢性病毒性肝炎中的表达尚不确切,而在肝硬化及肝细胞癌中呈高表达。二者含量的变化与上述疾病的发生发展关系密切,与其他指标联合检查有助于临床肝病的诊断及预后判断。     

CEA、AFP、CA199、FERR联合检测对肝癌的诊断意义

目的 探讨血清癌胚抗原(CEA)、甲胎蛋白(AFP)、糖类抗原199(CA199)和铁蛋白(FERRitin,FERR)联合检测在肝癌(LC)中的诊断意义。方法 选取2016-01～12在延安大学附属医院就诊的110例原发性肝癌患者(PHC),41例转移性肝癌患者(MHC),124例肝良性病变患者(良性组),及同期50例体检者(对照组),采用电化学发光技术检测PHC、MHC、良性组及对照组血清中的CEA、AFP、CA199、FERR的水平,并进行4组间单项及联合检测阳性率的比较。结果 MHC血清中CEA、CA199的水平最高,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);PHC组血清中AFP的水平最高,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);四项联合检测的阳性率在PHC与MHC差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);PHC与MHC四项联合测定阳性率均高于良性组及对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.01);良性组四项联合测定的阳性率高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.01)。结论 CEA、CA199对MHC诊断具有重要意义,AFP对PHC诊断具有重要意义,CEA、AFP、CA199、FERR四项联合检测可提高肝癌诊断的阳性率,有利于肝癌的早期诊断和治疗。     

肾性贫血患者血清铁蛋白与叶酸检测的价值

目的探讨肾性贫血患者血清铁蛋白与叶酸检测的价值。方法抽样选取该院诊治的肾性贫血患者75例（观察组）,再选取同期健康志愿者75例（对照组）进行对比分析,分别于治疗前后对两组进行血清铁蛋白于与叶酸的检测。结果观察组患者在治疗前的血清铁蛋白与叶酸含量明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。但是治疗后,观察组患者的血清铁蛋白含量略低于对照组,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;而叶酸含量,观察组却仍远低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论对于肾性贫血患者的血清铁蛋白、叶酸含量变化进行有效的掌握,为其具体的诊治极具指导意义。