Pelvic floor neuropathy in relation to the outcome of burch colposuspension

The aim of the study was to determine the role of neurogenic damage to pelvic floor muscles on the outcome of Burch colposuspension. Thirty women objectively continent after Burch colposuspension and 18 women with recurrent stress urinary incontinence (RSUI) were investigated with concentric needle electrode electromyography (EMG) in both pubococcygeus muscles and the external anal sphincter muscle. Neurogenic EMG patterns were significantly more often seen in the pubococcygeus muscles in women with RSUI than in women continent after the colposuspension (P<0.05). The distribution of neurogenic EMG patterns in the investigated muscles was significantly more pronounced in women with RSUI than in continent women: at least one pubococcygeus muscle with neurogenic EMG pattern, 72% vs. 34% (P<0.05); both pubococcygeus muscles, 50% vs. 13% (P<0.05); and all three investigated muscles 41% vs. 10% (P<0.05). In conclusion, the results imply an association between the outcome of the Burch colposuspension and the occurrence of neuropathy in the pelvic floor muscles. Occurrence of neurogenic damage in the pubococcygeus muscles seems to impair the outcome of Burch colposuspension.     

特区农村城市化进程中损伤中毒及其外部原因分析

对某医院10年损伤和中毒及其外部原因进行统计分析,结果表明:开放性创伤和血管损伤、骨折、颅内和体内损伤(包括神经)是前3位的损伤中毒;机动车交通事故、机器切割和穿刺工具引起的事故、他杀和他伤是损伤和中毒的主要外部原因。颅内和体内损伤(包括神经)是损伤中毒的最主要死因。1999年后该院的损伤中毒病人有明显上升。烧伤、经腔口进入异物这两类损伤的顺位在上升。     

可调式外固定器治疗髌骨骨折50例报告

目的：介绍一种可调式外固定器，用于髌骨骨折的固定，可以早期功能锻炼。方法：既可开放复位穿针外固定，也可在透视下闭合穿针外固定。结果：本组50例，优28例，良20例，差2例。结论：该固定器操作简单，损伤小，免除第二次手术取固定器，是髌骨骨折外固定较佳器械。     

The external laryngeal nerve: surgical and anatomic considerations. Report of 50 total thyroidectomies

This surgical anatomy study aimed to evaluate the possibility of identifying the external laryngeal nerve during thyroid surgery and the possible variations of nerves at risk. Fifty patients underwent total thyroidectomies during a period of 12 months. Using a neurostimulator, the distal motor branch of the external laryngeal nerve was searched. Electrical stimulation of a nervous branch aimed to provoke a global contraction of the cricothyroid in order to identify with certitude the external laryngeal nerve. The external laryngeal nerve was identified in 20% of cases. Its course was, with almost equal frequency, either (1) between the vessels of the superior thyroid pedicle or (2) superficial and anterior to the fascia of the cricothyroid muscle. The external laryngeal nerve is hard to find during thyroid surgery, even with a neurostimulator. It can be vulnerable during thyroid surgery but only in cases of anatomic variations. Searching for the nerve systematically during thyroid surgery does not seem to be useful. Several precautions when dissecting the superior pole of the thyroid gland seem to be necessary and sufficient to respect the external laryngeal nerve.     

External load can alter the energy cost of prolonged exercise

Summary The present study was undertaken to examine the energy cost of prolonged walking while carrying a backpack load. Six trained subjects were tested while walking for 120 min on a treadmill at a speed of 1.25 m · s^–1 and 5% elevation with a well fitted backpack load of 25 and 40 kg alternately. Carrying 40 kg elicited a significantly higher (p<0.01) enery cost than 25 kg. Furthermore, whereas carrying 25 kg resulted in a constant energy cost, 40 kg yielded a highly significant (p<0.05) increase in energy cost over time. The study implies that increase in load causes physical fatigue, once work intensity is higher than 50% maximal work capacity. This is probably due to altered locomotion biomechanics which in turn lead to the increase in energy cost. Finally, the prediction model which estimates energy cost while carrying loads should be used with some caution when applied to heavy loads and long duration of exercise, since it might underestimate the acutal enery cost.     

Influence of extracellur Ca2+ on endogenous Cl− channels in Xenopus oocytes

Removal of Ca²⁺ from the external bath solution evoked marked depolarization and large currents (up to several microamperes) in voltage-clamped defolliculated oocytes of Xenopus laevis. The resulting current was not carried by a cation influx but was due to a huge Cl^– efflux, which could be strongly inhibited by the Cl^– channel blockers flufenamic acid and niflumic acid. Removal of Mg²⁺ or Ba²⁺ from the solutions had the same effects as removing Ca²⁺. The reversal potential of –12 mV also indicated that Cl^– channels were responsible for the large currents. Patch-clamp studies revealed a single-channel slope conductance of 90 pS. During oocyte maturation these channels remained active. The half-maximal Ca²⁺ concentration of about 20 M showed that quite low doses of extracellular Ca²⁺ profoundly influence the electrical properties of the oocyte membrane.     

体外反搏对血液流变性和血小板聚集性的影响

观察４０例心脑血管疾病患者体外反搏前后血液流变性和血小板聚集性变化。结果表明，反搏后全血比及还原比粘度、血浆粘度有不同程度的下降（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．０１）。反搏治疗后，１～５ｍｉｎ血小板聚集率、最大聚集率和最大聚集速度较反搏前均明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．０１），而５ｍｉｎ解聚率则明显增加（Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示体外反搏治疗不仅影响血液动力学，而且明显降低血液粘度，对血小板聚集功能有明显抑制作用。     

外固定架治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折

目的总结桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的外固定架治疗疗效。方法从1995年～2003年采用外固定架治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折46例,并进行随访。结果治疗后均随访1年,术后按Dienst评分,优良率为83．3％。结论外固定架固定牢靠,可早期活动腕关节,是治疗桡骨远端粉碎性、开放性骨折的有效方法。     

人工补片无张力疝修补术59例临床分析

目的：探讨人工补片无张力疝修补术的疗效和优点。方法：对59例71个腹外疝在疝囊高位结扎后行人工补片无张力修补术的临床效果进行回顾性分析。结果：本组51例63个腹股沟疝和股疝的手术时间为30—80min，平均55min。术后切口均一期愈合，无切口感染、硬结、异物反应等并发症；术后并发短暂尿潴留2例；阴囊血肿2例、积液4例5侧。腹股沟疝术后5～7天(平均6天)出院，切口疝术后8-11天(平均9天)出院。随访5—51个月，复发2例。结论：人工补片无张力疝修补术是一种简单、安全、痛苦小、恢复快、效果好的疝修补方法，适用于腹壁缺损不严重的各种腹外侧及复发疝。