支气管哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者血清Eotaxin检测分析

目的 探讨嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子（Eotaxin）在支气管哮喘（简称哮喘）和慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者血清中的水平变化。方法用双抗体夹心抗体酶联免疫吸附法检测56例哮喘、27例急性加重期COPD患者以及20例正常人血清Eotaxin的水平。结果哮喘急性发作期组血清Eotaxin水平显著高于慢性持续期组（P〈0．05）以及其余三组（P〈0．01）,哮喘慢性持续期组显著高于COPD组（P〈O．05）及健康对照组（P〈O．01）,但与缓解期组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;哮喘缓解期组、COPD组与健康对照组两两比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论Eotaxin可能通过对过敏性炎性细胞的激活和从血中向支气管粘膜浸润过程的调控,与支气管哮喘的病理生理过程有关,尤其与支气管哮喘急性发作和疾病严重程度密切相关,哮喘组血清Eotaxin水平与COPD比较具有一定的鉴别诊断意义。     

Effects of inhaled eotaxin on airway function and inflammatory cell influx in sensitised and non-sensitised guinea pigs

Eotaxin is a chemokine that has high potency and selectivity as a chemoattractant agent for eosinophils, signalling exclusively through the CCR3 receptor. Eotaxin is upregulated in the lungs within 3 h of antigen challenge, levels peak at 6 h in lung tissue and bronchoalveolar (BAL) fluid, and fall within 12 h of exposure. This study aimed to look at the effect(s) of eotaxin inhalation on airway function in guinea pigs, to determine if the expected inflammatory cell (eosinophil) infiltration could induce airway hyperreactivity (AHR) and a bronchoconstrictor response equivalent to the late asthmatic response (LAR) seen after antigen challenge. Animals were sensitised with 100 microg/ml OA with a dose on days 1 and 5. Airway responses to inhaled eotaxin (10 or 20 microg/ml) were determined by whole body plethysmography as the change in specific airway conductance (sGaw). Inhaled histamine (1mM) was used to investigate AHR, and cell influx was determined by BAL. Senitised animals exposed to 10 microg/ml eotaxin did not reveal a bronchoconstrictor response or AHR and cellular infiltration to the lungs was not evident 24 h after exposure. Both sensitised and non-sensitised animals exposed to 20 microg/ml eotaxin however revealed a significant bronchoconstrictor response 6h post-challenge, with reductions in sGaw of -27.0+/-6.6% and -32.3+/-6.8%, respectively. Both groups also displayed a bronchoconstrictor response to inhaled histamine 24h after exposure, indicating AHR, and a significant increase in both total and differential cell counts. Sensitised animals, however, revealed a significant increase in cell influx compared to non-sensitised animals. Nebulised eotaxin can reveal a LAR, AHR to inhaled histamine, and cellular infiltration to the lungs, possibly via the mobilisation of eosinophils from the bone marrow, and their subsequent recruitment to the airways.     

哮喘患儿血IL-4及Eotaxin的含量变化及意义

目的　探讨支气管哮喘患儿血浆白细胞介素 - 4 (IL - 4 ) ,嗜酸性粒细胞趋化蛋白 (Eotaxin)含量的变化及临床意义。方法　采用ELISA法测定 4 7例哮喘患儿 (发作期 2 8例 ,缓解期 19例 )的血IL - 4、Eotaxin的含量 ,并与正常对照儿比较。结果　哮喘发作组、缓解组患儿与正常对照儿的IL - 4含量间差别有显著性意义 (P <0 0 5 ) ;发作组与缓解组患儿的IL - 4含量间差别亦有显著性意义 (P <0 0 5 )。哮喘发作组患儿与缓解组患儿及正常对照儿的Eotaxin含量间差别均有显著性意义 (P <0 0 5 ) ,而缓解组患儿与正常对照儿的Eotaxin含量间差别无显著性意义 (P>0 0 5 )。血IL - 4含量和Eotaxin含量呈正相关 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　哮喘患儿血IL - 4、Eotaxin含量能反应哮喘气道炎症活动情况及疾病的严重程度 ,两者存在正相关。     

Eosinophilic esophagitis: From pathophysiology to treatment

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune disease, characterized by a dense eosinophilic infiltrate in the esophagus, leading to bolus impaction and reflux-like symptoms. Traditionally considered a pediatric disease, the number of adult patients with EoE is continuously increasing, with a relatively higher incidence in western countries. Dysphagia and food impaction represent the main symptoms complained by patients, but gastroesophageal reflux-like symptoms may also be present. Esophageal biopsies are mandatory for the diagnosis of EoE, though clinical manifestations and proton pump inhibitors responsiveness must be taken into consideration. The higher prevalence of EoE in patients suffering from atopic diseases suggests a common background with allergy, however both the etiology and pathophysiology are not completely understood. Elimination diets are considered the first-line therapy in children, but this approach appears less effective in adults patients, who often require steroids; despite medical treatments, EoE is complicated in some cases by esophageal stricture and stenosis, that require additional endoscopic treatments. This review summarizes the evidence on EoE pathophysiology and illustrates the safety and efficacy of the most recent medical and endoscopic treatments.     

From airway inflammation to inflammatory bowel disease: Eotaxin-1, a key regulator of intestinal inflammation

Eotaxin-1 (CCL-11) is a potent eosinophil chemoattractant that is considered a major contributor to tissue eosinophilia. Elevated eotaxin-1 levels have been described in various pathologic conditions, ranging from airway inflammation, to Hodgkin lymphoma, obesity and coronary artery disease. The main receptor for eotaxin-1 is CCR3; however, recent evidence indicates that eotaxin-1 may also bind to other receptors expressed by various cell types, suggesting a more widespread regulatory role for eotaxin-1 beyond the recruitment of eosinophils.     

Eotaxin基因在真菌诱导的变应性鼻炎鼻黏膜中的表达及其意义

目的:探讨真菌诱导的豚鼠变应性鼻炎鼻黏膜中Eotaxin基因的表达及其意义。方法:采用真菌互 隔交链孢霉致敏豚鼠建立变应性鼻炎动物模型,用组织病理学方法观察鼻黏膜改变,原位杂交方法检测鼻黏膜中 Eotaxin基因的表达情况。结果:行为学打分,模型组明显高于对照组;鼻黏膜固有层中见大量嗜酸粒细胞浸润; 模型组鼻黏膜中Eotaxin基因的表达主要在黏膜固有层,对照组未见明显阳性表达。结论:真菌诱导的变应性鼻 炎鼻黏膜中Eotaxin基因表达明显增强,大量嗜酸粒细胞浸润,进而引起组织损伤,表明Eotaxin基因在真菌诱导 的变应性鼻炎病理过程中起重要作用。     

Eotaxin基因在真菌诱导的变应性鼻炎黏膜中的表达及其意义

目的探讨真菌诱导的豚鼠变应性鼻炎鼻黏膜中Eotaxin基因的表达及其意义.方法采用真菌互隔交链孢霉致敏豚鼠建立变应性鼻炎动物模型,用组织病理学方法观察鼻黏膜改变,原位杂交方法检测鼻黏膜中Eotaxin基因的表达情况.结果行为学打分,模型组明显高于对照组;鼻黏膜固有层中见大量嗜酸粒细胞浸润;模型组鼻黏膜中Eotaxin基因的表达主要在黏膜固有层,对照组未见明显阳性表达.结论真菌诱导的变应性鼻炎鼻黏膜中Eotaxin基因表达明显增强,大量嗜酸粒细胞浸润,进而引起组织损伤,表明Eotaxin基因在真菌诱导的变应性鼻炎病理过程中起重要作用.     

甘草酸对哮喘小鼠肺组织Eotaxin表达的影响

目的:观察甘草酸对哮喘小鼠肺组织嗜酸细胞活化趋化因子(Eotaxin)表达的影响,探讨甘草酸抗支气管哮喘的可能机制。方法:小鼠分为(哮喘)模型组、激素(强的松)组、甘草酸组和正常对照组,建立卵蛋白哮喘模型后给予相应药物,4周后处死小鼠,计数各组支气管肺泡灌洗液中嗜酸粒细胞及通过免疫组化检测各组肺组织中Eotaxin的表达,并与正常对照组比较。结果:与模型组比较,甘草酸能显著降低嗜酸粒细胞计数(P<0.01)及抑制肺组织Eotaxin的表达(P<0.05)。结论:甘草酸可能通过下调Eotaxin的表达而发挥抗嗜酸粒细胞性气道炎症的作用。     

鼻息肉与细胞因子的相关性研究进展

鼻息肉是耳鼻咽喉科常见病,其发病机制至今尚未明确,近年来研究表明细胞因子在鼻息肉的发生、发展中起着重要的作用。本文就白细胞介素、肿瘤坏死因子、嗜酸粒细胞特异性趋化因子在鼻息肉中的表达及其作用的研究现状进行综述。