四氢生物蝶呤反应性苯丙氨酸羟化酶缺乏症的临床与基因研究

目的 探讨四氢生物蝶呤（tetrahydrobiopterin,BH4）反应性苯丙氨酸羟化酶（phenylalanine hydroxylase,PAH）缺乏症临床表型和基因型的关系。方法 38例高苯丙氨酸血症（hyperphenylalaninemia,HPA）患儿均进行口服BH。负荷试验（20ms／kg）或Phe-BH。联合负荷试验,同时进行尿蝶呤谱分析、红细胞二氢蝶啶还原酶（dihyaropteridine reductase,DHPR）测定。对7例BH4反应性PAH缺乏症患儿采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）和单链构象多态性（single strand conformation polymorphism,SSCP）分析对PAH外显子进行突变筛检,并结合DNA直接测序方法进行突变分析。结果 确诊10例BH4反应性PAH缺乏症患儿,男6例,女4例;平均年龄7．8个月;生化代谢表型均为轻度或中度HPA。7例BH4反应性PAH缺乏症患儿PAH基因型分别为S70del／-、R241C／R243Q、S70del／A389G、Y166X／-、R11lX/-、EX6-96A〉G／R241C和IVS4-1G〉A／R241C。A389G是新发现的突变基因型。结论 BH4反应性PAH缺乏症多表现为轻、中度HPA生化代谢表型,R241C是BH4反应性相关突变基因型中较常见的一种类型。推测S70del可能是一种BH4反应性相关突变类型.     

UPLC-MS/MS研究披针灰叶素B在不同种属肝微粒体中的代谢稳定性及代谢酶表型

应用体外肝微粒体孵育体系,研究披针灰叶素B(lanceolatin B)在大鼠、人、比格犬、猴肝微粒体中的代谢稳定性及体外代谢参数,确定主要代谢披针灰叶素B的CYP酶表型。将披针灰叶素B与不同种属肝微粒体共同孵育,应用UPLC-MS/MS检测孵育液中披针灰叶素B的含量,考察其代谢稳定性与体外代谢动力学参数。将披针灰叶素B与各CYP450同工酶CYP2E1,2C19,1A2,2D6,2C9,3A4,2A1的特异性抑制剂共同孵育,确定其代谢酶表型。研究结果显示,披针灰叶素B在人、比格犬肝微粒体中不代谢,而在大鼠与猴肝微粒体中可代谢,它们的体外半衰期(T_(1/2))与固有清除率(CL_(int))分别为11.57,8.07min和0.12,0.17 m L·min-1·mg-1,结果没有显著性差异;披针灰叶素B在肝微粒体中的代谢存在种属差异,在大鼠肝微粒体中由多个酶共同参与代谢,其中CYP1A2酶的作用最强,是主要代谢披针灰叶素B的酶。     

EB病毒对新生儿脐带血单核细胞来源的树突状细胞表型的影响

从脐带血单核细胞来源树突状细胞(DC)表型变化的角度来探讨EB病毒对DC表型的影响,以阐明其逃逸宿主免疫的机制。将GM-CSF和IL-4、EB病毒和LPS不同组合对单核细胞来源DC进行刺激培养,利用单染色和三染色免疫荧光抗体标记—流式细胞术检测单核细胞来源DC表面CD14、CD11c、CD1a、HLA-DR、CD86、MR和MHCⅠ类分子。加入EB病毒后,DC表面CD14分子表达的下调不明显,CD1a的表达则随病毒加入时细胞的分化阶段有关;同时EB病毒还影响了加入LPS后HLA-DR和CD86的升高和MR的降低;EB病毒还影响了细胞表面MHCⅠ类分子的表达。因此EB病毒可抑制单核细胞来源DC的分化和成熟,这可能是其逃逸宿主免疫的机制之一。     

Sputum Metabolomic Profiling Reveals Metabolic Pathways and Signatures Associated With Inflammatory Phenotypes in Patients With Asthma

PurposeThe molecular links between metabolism and inflammation that drive different inflammatory phenotypes in asthma are poorly understood. We aimed to identify the metabolic signatures and underlying molecular pathways of different inflammatory asthma phenotypes.MethodsIn the discovery set (n = 119), untargeted ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) was applied to characterize the induced sputum metabolic profiles of asthmatic patients with different inflammatory phenotypes using orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), and pathway topology enrichment analysis. In the validation set (n = 114), differential metabolites were selected to perform targeted quantification. Correlations between targeted metabolites and clinical indices in asthmatic patients were analyzed. Logistic and negative binomial regression models were established to assess the association between metabolites and severe asthma exacerbations.ResultsSeventy-seven differential metabolites were identified in the discovery set. Pathway topology analysis uncovered that histidine metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism as well as phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis were involved in the pathogenesis of different asthma phenotypes. In the validation set, 24 targeted quantification metabolites were significantly expressed between asthma inflammatory phenotypes. Finally, adenosine 5′-monophosphate (adjusted relative risk [adj RR] = 1.000; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.000–1.000; P = 0.050), allantoin (adj RR = 1.000; 95% CI = 1.000–1.000; P = 0.043) and nicotinamide (adj RR = 1.001; 95% CI = 1.000–1.002; P = 0.021) were demonstrated to predict severe asthma exacerbation rates.ConclusionsDifferent inflammatory asthma phenotypes have specific metabolic profiles in induced sputum. The potential metabolic signatures may identify therapeutic targets in different inflammatory asthma phenotypes.     

重庆地区血红蛋白病的患病率及其基因型和血液学表型分析

目的：分析重庆地区血红蛋白病的携带率、基因型构成及血液学特征,为血红蛋白病筛查及诊断方法的合理选择提供依据。方法：对49 551例进行血红蛋白病筛查的患者外周血样本,采用多重PCR-导流杂交或测序等方法检测地中海贫血常见23种基因位点及血红蛋白变异体(hemoglobin variants,HbVs)相关突变位点;再对确诊血红蛋白病患者的血常规和血红蛋白电泳结果进行回顾分析,评估血常规、血红蛋白电泳二者联合检查在血红蛋白病筛查诊断中的价值。结果：共检出3 511例血红蛋白病(7.09%),其中α地贫携带者1 840例,以--^SEA/αα、-α^3.7/αα和-α^4.2/αα为主;β地贫携带者1 540例,以CD17、IVS-Ⅱ-654、CD41-42为主;异常血红蛋白病65例,β链变异体为主;复合血红蛋白病64例,α地贫复合β地贫携带者57例,地贫复合异常血红蛋白病7例。血红蛋白病患者的血红蛋白、红细胞平均体积、红细胞平均血红蛋白量指标降低与α或β链合成的减少程度呈正相关,而血红蛋白A2(adult hemoglobin ...     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病频发加重表型患者危险因素分析

目的 分析导致慢性阻塞性肺疾病频发急性加重表型患者,频发加重的可能危险因素.方法收集2016年01月至2017年01月在上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院崇明分院呼吸科住院患者中被诊断为慢阻肺急性加重期的患者,根据患者急性加重发作频率,纳入51例频发急性加重表型患者并随访1年,观察1年内再次频发加重的患者比例及临床特征,采...     

双表型急性白血病流式细胞术免疫分型检测结果

 目的　应用流式细胞术（FCM）检测双表型急性白血病（BAL）的免疫表型。方法　采用四色FCM检测23例BAL患者的免疫表型。结果　23例BAL患者中有10例（43.4 %）表达cCD3,16例（69.6 %）表达cCD79a,20例（87.0 %）表达cMPO,14例（60.9 %）表达TdT,19例（82.6 %）表达CD34,20例（87.0 %）表达CD117,同时表达髓系和B系抗原者13例（56.5 %）,均共同表达cCD79a和cMPO;同时表达髓系和T 系抗原者7 例（30.4 %）,均共同表达cCD3和cMPO;同时表达T系和B系抗原者3例（13.04 %）,均共同表达cCD3和cCD79a。结论　cCD3、cCD79a、cMPO为系列特异性抗原标志,对诊断及鉴别BAL具有重要意义,FCM是目前诊断BAL特异可靠的方法,在临床白血病治疗和预后方面有重要的指导意义。     

Polymorphic acetylation and aminopyrine demethylation in Gilbert's syndrome.

Polymorphic acetylation was investigated in twenty-seven patients with Gilbert's syndrome using the sulphadimidine test. Whereas the finding of 51% slow acetylators in seventy-eight control persons agreed well with the expected frequency in a continental European population, the prevalence of slow acetylators in Gilbert's syndrome was increased to 78% (P less than 0.03, Woolf's G-test). After oral administration of 14C-aminopyrine there was no significant difference between seventeen patients with Gilbert's syndrome and twenty-seven normal controls in total plasma clearance of aminopyrine (280 +/- SD 100 and 270 +/- 60 ml/min) and in the disappearance curve of 14CO2 in breath (0.23 +/- 0.04 and 0.22 +/- 0.03 h-1, respectively). Thus, whereas aminopyrine metabolism appears unaffected in the examined patients, the data documents a new association between slow acetylator status and Gilbert's syndrome.