Organ-sparing surgical treatment of giant hepatic hydatid cysts

BACKGROUND: Excision of giant hepatic hydatid cysts may be associated with loss of hepatic tissue. We describe a method for obliterating spacious residual cavities that promotes salvage of healthy liver parenchyma. METHODS: After simple cystectomy, the residual cavity is obliterated by manual compression of the healthy liver parenchyma from the left and right toward the midline of the cavity. While compression is maintained, the approximated edges of the cyst's fibrous capsule are closed with mattress sutures. Omentoplasty or gelatine sponges are used to fill the dead space prior to suturing of the fibrous capsule. RESULTS: The method was used in 8 patients between 1993 and 2000. No sepsis, postoperative bile leak, or other complications occurred. No long-term adverse effects were found. CONCLUSIONS: This method is simple and effective for obliteration of extremely large residual cavities after cystectomy for liver hydatidosis. It may be used safely in selected patients.     

Alveolar echinococcosis of the liver: correlative color Doppler US, CT, and MRI study

Purpose: To determine and compare the imaging features of hepatic alveolar Echinococcosis using color Doppler US, CT, and MRI.

Material and Methods: Abdominal CT and MRI with and without contrast agents and color Doppler US were performed on seven patients with hepatic alveolar Echinococcosis. The lesions were evaluated for location, features of echogenicity, intensity and density, calcification, and vascular, hilar, and perihepatic involvement. The diagnosis was confirmed histopathologically in all patients.

Results: Six patients had solitary lesions, and one displayed multiple lesions. The lesions were generally seen as heterogeneous and hyper- or hypoechoic when imaged with color Doppler US, hypodense with CT, and hypointense with MRI, in comparison with the liver parenchyma. Calcification, central necrosis, and small peripheral cysts were observed in six, seven, and four patients, respectively. Vascular flow or contrast enhancement was not observed in any of the cases. A look at the respective advantages of each method reveals that calcification was best rendered visible via CT, small peripheral cysts with T2-weighted MRI, central necrosis with CT and MRI, and perihepatic invasion with multiplanar MRI. Vascular involvement was revealed by all methods.

Conclusion: Color Doppler US, CT, and MR imaging function extremely well as complementary methods in the diagnosis of HAE. Color Doppler US should be performed in these patients owing to its ability to efficiently detect the disease. Knowledge of imaging characteristics makes it possible to radiologically ascertain an early diagnosis.     

Preauricular hydatid cyst: an unusual location for echinoccosis

Hydatid disease is an important medical problem in countries of the temperate zones. A 21-year-old female patient was admitted to our outpatient clinics with a complaint of a progressive swelling in the left preauricular region. The case of the patient with hydatid disease that developed in the left preauricular region is presented in detail. Hydatid cyst in this location is rare.     

Intramural hydatid cysts of pulmonary arteries: CT and MR findings

Involvement of the pulmonary artery by echinococcosis usually occurs due to pulmonary embolization after rupture of the cyst in the right ventricle or, rarely, by dissemenation from a hepatic focus. This paper presents an adult patient with intramural hydatid cysts of the pulmonary arteries, which apparently grew slowly toward the lumina resulting in complete luminal occlusion, enabling sufficient time for development of sufficient perfusion from the bronchial arteries. The condition apparently resulted from embryos of the parasite, which entered the vasa vasorum of the pulmonary arteries, a previously unreported mechanism.     

肾包虫病（附二例报道）

目的：介绍内蒙古地区最先诊断并治疗肾包虫病患者的临床资料;方法：２例均施行内囊 除术,其中１例为开放性肾包虫,行患肾切除术;结果：近期随访均未复发;结论：Ｂ超检查,此病可因包虫内“子囊”、“孙囊”造成“混合性回声超波”;ＣＴ扫描本病的囊壁较肾囊肿略厚,并显示特有的“囊中囊”征或囊内窝状分隔;患者Ｃａｓｏｎｉ皮内多呈阳性。     

青藏高原地区泡型包虫病患者住院费用影响因素分析

目的 分析泡型包虫病（alveolar echinococcosis,AE）患者住院费用变化趋势及其主要影响因素,为AE的综合防治及控制住院费用提供参考依据。方法 收集2004年4月~2016年1月青海省两家三甲医院收治的肝AE患者的临床及住院费用相关资料,并采用多因素Logistic回归法分析住院费用的影响因素。结果 收集AE患者300例,其中男性132例（44.0%）,女性168例（56.0%）,平均年龄为（38.87±13.62）岁。藏族病例为225例（75.0%）,住院天数中位数为15（1~102） d,总住院费用的中位数为14 115.25（361.20~187 670.60）元,其中西药费占36.0%、诊断费占20.0%、耗材费占19.0%、治疗费占13.0%。多因素Logistic回归分析发现：住院天数、手术与否、付费方式及有无合并疾病是影响住院费用的主要因素,差异均具有统计学意义（均有P<0.05）。结论 近年来,AE住院费用呈逐年上升趋势,合并其他诊断、治疗方式及付费方式均是患者住院费用的影响因素,因此选择合适的治疗方式、制定合理的单病种管理措施等可能是控制住院费用的必要措施。     

青海省果洛藏族自治州班玛县肝棘球蚴病流行病学调查

目的 调查青海省果洛藏族自治州班玛县肝棘球蚴病的流行情况,旨在为该地区肝棘球蚴病的防治提供参考。方法 2014年7~8月对班玛县所属的5个乡镇中的2~3个自然村（每个乡）4岁及以上的常住居民通过调查问卷进行调查,并进行腹部B超检查。调查结果利用 SPSS 18.0 软件进行统计学分析。结果 共有1 801人接受此次调查,B超检出肝棘球蚴病患者共217例（12.05%）,其中囊型棘球蚴病（hepatic cystic enchinococcosis,HCE）47例、泡型棘球蚴病（hepatic alveolar enchinococcosis,HAE）170例,差异有统计学意义（χ²=74.12,P<0.001）。B超检出肝棘球蚴病男性患者61例,女性患者156例,差异有统计学意义（χ²=15.00,P<0.001）。不同职业中牧民检出率最高（19.91%）,职业间检出率差异有统计学意义（χ²=71.73,P<0.001）。不同地区之间HCE和HAE的检出率差异均有统计学意义（均有P<0.05）。结论 青海省班玛县存在较为严重的囊型和泡型肝棘球蚴病的流行（尤其在达卡乡人群）,该地区50~59岁、女性和牧民是泡型肝棘球蚴病的高危人群。     

宁夏农村女性人群包虫病流行病学调查

[目的]了解宁夏农村女性人群包虫病流行现状及其影响因素,探讨该类人群包虫病高发原因.[方法]采取整群分层随机抽样方法计算调查人群感染率和患病率.[结果]本次共调查6 039人,全人群包虫病感染率和患病率分别为11.72％ (708/6 039)和1.47％ (89/6 039);其中女性包虫病感染率和患病率分别为14...     

Possible spontaneous “birth” of a hydatid cyst into the lateral ventricle

Introduction Intraventricular hydatid cyst is an extremely rare entity. We report a solitary hydatid cyst in a lateral ventricle.Case report A 7-year-old girl had a free floating intraventricular cyst, diagnosed by computerized tomography examination inside the enlarged left lateral ventricle of an associated Dandy Walker malformation. The patient underwent surgery and the cyst was removed.Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first case report in which the natural developmental phases of an intraventricular hydatid cyst have been observed.     

Ultrasound changes in abdominal echinococcosis treated with albendazole.

Fifty patients with 81 abdominal hydatid cysts were followed with ultrasound during and after treatment with albendazole. In 61 cysts (75%), regressive changes were observed after treatment. Detachment of the membrane and change to a solid pattern in anechoic cysts were observed. Disappearance of septa or change to a solid pattern in anechoic cysts with intracystic septation were also found. There was an increase of hyperechoic structures in cysts with a mixed pattern. Follow-up ultrasound examination showed disappearance of 7 cysts, while anechoic structures reappeared in five cases. In anechoic cysts, regressive changes due to albendazole seem to be permanent, but in cysts with a mixed pattern recurrences are sometimes observed.