两种培养基分离鉴别酵母样真菌在临床上的应用

目的：探讨CHROMagar显色培养基和沙保弱培养基分离鉴别酵母样真菌的差异。方法：取临床标本263例，同时分别划线接种于两种培养基上，分离鉴别酵母样真茼。结果：CHROMagar显色培养基分离鉴别酵母样真茼快速、简便、准确，通过茸落显色易于观察、假阳性低、检测效果好。沙保弱培养基尚需改进本身质量。结论：CHROMagar显色培养基的质量在分离鉴别酵母样真苜上优于沙保弱培养基。     

Tim技术3D DCE-MRA诊断下肢动脉狭窄:与DSA对比研究

目的以数字减影血管造影（DSA）为金标准,对比评价Tim（total image matrix）技术三维动态增强磁共振血管成像（3DDCE-MRA）在下肢动脉（腘股段和腘下段）狭窄中的临床应用价值。资料与方法41例可疑下肢动脉狭窄患者,采用Tim线圈、多通道并行采集技术,并结合自动移床及无缝连接方法,行3DDCE-MRA检查。延迟时间采用试验团注（test-bolus）法,对靶血管作最大信号强度投影（MIP）后处理重组。所有病例均在1周内行动脉法DSA（IADSA）检查,对比分析3DDCE-MRA所示的轻度狭窄（≤50%）、显著狭窄（51%-99%）、完全闭塞（100%）的符合情况,并计算显示显著狭窄及完全闭塞的敏感性和特异性。结果图像质量的优良率为95.1%。与IADSA对照,3DDCE-MRA显示腘股动脉段显著狭窄及完全闭塞（狭窄程度〉50%）的敏感性91.1%,特异性92.9%,准确性92.3%;显示腘下动脉段的敏感性82.2%,特异性75.4%,准确性83.9%;显示下肢动脉狭窄总的准确性为87.5%。结论Tim线圈、多通道并行采集技术3DDCE-MRA是一种诊断下肢动脉狭窄的无创、安全、可靠、实用的血管检查方法,对腘股动脉段狭窄的诊断更加可靠,但对细小血管（尤其足部）的分辨率尚有待于进一步提高。     

The Potential Application of Natural Clinoptilolite-Rich Zeolite as Support for Bacterial Community Formation for Wastewater Treatment

The aim of this study was to investigate the use of natural zeolite as support for microbial community formation during wastewater treatment. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal decomposition and differential thermogravimetric curves (TGA/DGT) techniques were used for the physicochemical and structural characterization of zeolites. The chemical characterization of wastewater was performed before and after treatment, after 30 days of using stationary zeolite as support. The chemical composition of wastewater was evaluated in terms of the products of nitrification/denitrification processes. The greatest ammonium (NH₄⁺) adsorption was obtained for wastewater contaminated with different concentrations of ammonium, nitrate and nitrite. The wastewater quality index (WWQI) was determined to assess the effluent quality and the efficiency of the treatment plant used, showing a maximum of 71% quality improvement, thus suggesting that the treated wastewater could be discharged into aquatic environments. After 30 days, NH₄⁺ demonstrated a high removal efficiency (higher than 98%), while NO₃⁺ and NO₂⁺ had a removal efficiency of 70% and 54%, respectively. The removal efficiency for metals was observed as follows (%): Mn > Cd > Cr > Zn > Fe > Ni > Co > Cu > Ba > Pb > Sr. Analysis of the microbial diversity in the zeolite samples indicated that the bacteria are formed due to the existence of nutrients in wastewater which favor their formation. In addition, the zeolite was characterized by SEM and the results indicated that the zeolite acts as an adsorbent for the pollutants and, moreover, as a support material for microbial community formation under optimal conditions. Comparing the two studied zeolites, NZ1 (particle size 1–3 mm) was found to be more suitable for wastewater treatment. Overall, the natural zeolite demonstrated high potential for pollutant removal and biomass support for bacteria community growth in wastewater treatment.     

牙胚细胞条件培养液诱导大鼠胚胎面突外胚间充质细胞向成牙本质样细胞分化

目的：探讨牙胚细胞条件培养液（TGC—CM）在诱导面突外胚间充质细胞向成牙本质样细胞分化中的作用。方法：取妊娠12．5d SD大鼠胎鼠第4代下颌突外胚间充质细胞,在牙胚细胞条件培养液（TGC—CM）的诱导下,通过形态学观察、免疫组化、RT—PCR等方法,探索牙胚细胞条件培养液诱导面突外胚间充质细胞向成牙本质样细胞分化的可能。结果：面突外胚间充质细胞在诱导培养基中生长良好。培养7d,在诱导组中细胞出现核极化,有很长的突起,细胞平行排列。抗牙本质涎蛋白（DSP）呈阳性反应。RT—PCR显示mRNA水平表达成牙本质细胞特异的牙本质涎磷蛋白（DSPP）和牙本质基质蛋白-1（DMP-1）。结论：面突外胚间充质细胞在含有多种细胞因子的TGC—CM的作用下能分化为成牙本质样细胞,能为研究牙齿的分化和发育提供良好的模型和实验依据。     

培养基成分对怀牛膝愈伤组织诱导及牛膝多糖含量的影响

目的:研究培养基成分对怀牛膝愈伤组织诱导形成及牛膝多糖含量的影响。方法:以怀牛膝无菌苗的叶片、茎段为材料,采用正交设计研究基本培养基,碳源,2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D)、6-苄基腺嘌呤(6-BA)、N-苯基-N′-噻二唑-5-脲(TDZ)、水解酪蛋白(CH)对愈伤组织诱导和多糖含量的影响。结果:诱导叶片愈伤组织形成的适宜培养基为B₅+2mg·L^-12,4-D+0.5mg·L^-16-BA+30g·L^-1葡萄糖+1g·L^-1CH,诱导茎段愈伤组织形成的适宜培养基为B₅+2mg·L^-12,4-D+1mg·L^-16-BA+30g·L^-1葡萄糖+0.5g·L^-1CH;有利于叶片愈伤组织中多糖含量提高的培养基是LS+1mg·L^-16-BA+1mg·L^-1TDZ+30g·L^-1蔗糖,有利于茎段愈伤组织中多糖含量提高的培养基是LS+1mg.L^-12,4-D+0.5mg·L^-16-BA+1mg·L^-1TDZ+30g·L^-1葡萄糖。结论:初步建立了怀牛膝叶片、茎段诱导愈伤组织的适宜培养条件,为通过植物组织细胞培养途径生产牛膝多糖提供了依据。     

反复吗啡暴露后短期戒断时大鼠伏核大麻素CB1受体的功能变化

目的獉獉:探索反复吗啡暴露后短期戒断时,大麻素信号对大鼠伏核中等有棘神经元接受的自发性抑制性突触后电流调节功能的变化。方法獉獉:24只SD大鼠(♂)随机分为吗啡组和对照组,并分别按10 mg.kg-1.d-1的剂量腹部皮下注射吗啡和生理盐水,连续注射7 d。在药物戒断后的d3分别制备伏核脑片,在全细胞膜片钳模式下分别记录两组大鼠伏核中等有棘神经元所接受的自发性抑制性突触后电流,观察两组电流的频率和幅度是否存在差异,以及两者对大麻素受体激动剂的反应性的异同。结果獉獉:(1)在戒断3 d后,吗啡组和对照组自发性抑制性突触后电流的幅度分别为23.40±s 3.9 pA,21.60±s 4.1 pA,两组比较无显著差异(P>0.05);频率分别是1.62±s0.47 Hz,1.46±s 0.51 Hz,二者比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。(2)灌流大麻素CB1受体激动剂WIN55,212-2后,吗啡组和对照组自发性抑制性突触后电流的幅度分别为基线水平的75.1±s 7.6(%)和93.7±s 8.4(%),两组差异显著(P<0.05);频率分别为基线水平的64.6±s 6.3(%)和89.8±s 9.7(%),两组差异显著(P<0.05)。结论獉獉:大鼠反复吗啡暴露后短期戒断时,伏核大麻素CB1受体功能发生变化,表现为其对吗啡组伏核中等有棘神经元接受的自发性抑制性突触后电流的抑制作用显著增强。     

支原体培养基中真菌抑菌剂的筛选

目的 为支原体的培养基筛选一种抗真菌的药物,以防止真菌污染。方法 在五种备选药物中先找出不抑制支原体生长但是能够有效抑制真菌生长的药物。再选用20株白色念珠菌的临床株,各测此种药物对其MIC,最后得出MIC50与MIC90,选用MIC90的浓度加于支原体的培养基中。结果 最后选出的药物为氟康唑,用20临床株测得MIC50为15.6μg/ml,MIC90为31.25μg/ml结论选用浓度为31.25μg/ml的氟康唑加于支原体的培养基可以有效抑制白色念珠菌的生长。     

Investigation of the Thermodynamic Transformation and Rare Earth Microalloying of a Medium Carbon-Medium Alloy Steel for Large Ball Mill Liners

The medium carbon-medium alloy steel was developed for the manufacture of large ball mill liners and sports equipment. In this study, the continuous cooling transformation curve of a novel type of medium carbon-medium alloy steel was measured with a thermal simulation machine; based on this curve, the hardening and tempering processes were optimized. The steel was then complex modified with alkaline earth and rare earth alloys. The mechanical properties of the treated steel were tested. The microstructure of the steel was analyzed by metallographic microscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, and the wear surface of the steel was analyzed by a three-dimensional morphometer. After high-temperature tempering, the microstructure transformed into tempered sorbite, which possesses good mechanical properties and can adapt to working conditions that require high strength and toughness. Rare earth or alkaline earth modification of the medium carbon-medium alloy steel promoted microstructural uniformity and grain refinement and improved the mechanical and anti-wear properties.     

10 s团注对比剂方案联合80 kV管电压在颈动脉CT血管成像的应用

目的:探讨80 kV管电压联合个体化对比剂低剂量注射方案行颈动脉CT血管成像的可行性。方法:前瞻性纳入需要行颈部CT血管成像(CTA)检查的136名患者,采用完全随机区段法分成A、B、C、D 4组,A组为100 kV 15 s团注常规组,53例;其他3组为80 kV 10 s团注对照组,根据≤50 kg、50～70 k...     

响应面法结合满意度函数优化白囊耙齿菌发酵培养基

采用响应面法和满意度函数,以期望值作为响应值,提高白囊耙齿菌发酵的菌丝体干重以及胞内多糖、甘露醇、腺苷和蛋白质的含量.通过单因素法优化白囊耙齿菌发酵培养基中的碳、氮源和无机盐,然后进行部分因子试验考察培养基组分对菌株发酵的影响,并应用中心组合设计试验优化培养基,获得最佳培养基配方(%):乳糖2.94,酵母浸粉1.5,牛肉膏1.5,KH2PO4·3H2O 0.065,MgSO4·7H2O 0.06,NaCl 0.000 8,VB1 0.028 9.模型预测最佳培养基配方下白囊耙齿菌的发酵期望值为0.624,3次验证试验平均值为0.617 7,是优化前的5.27倍,与模型预测值间的误差为1.01%.