眼舒滴眼液在激光泪道成形术中的应用

目的 :评价眼舒滴眼液在激光泪道成形术中应用的疗效。方法 :12 4例病人 ,男性 32例 ,女性92例 ,共 14 0只眼泪道阻塞。行Nd :YAG激光治疗后 ,采用眼舒滴眼液灌注冲洗泪道 ,观察疗效。结果 :病人溢泪症状明显好转 ,冲洗泪道通畅 ,疗效持久 ,治愈率为 95 % ,无不良反应。结论 :眼舒滴眼液有利于提高激光泪道成形术的治愈率。     

乳酸环丙沙星眼用即型凝胶的研制

目的 研制乳酸环丙沙星眼用即型凝胶。方法 以泊洛沙姆407为温敏型材料制备乳酸环丙沙星眼用即型凝胶,通过对胶凝温度的考察确定处方,考察了乳酸环丙沙星眼用即型凝胶的黏度,采用无膜溶出模型对药物的体外释放机制进行研究,对制剂的眼刺激性进行评价。结果 确定18%的泊洛沙姆407作为乳酸环丙沙星眼用即型凝胶的基质。药物的体外释放呈零级动力学特征,释放量取决于凝胶溶蚀量。该制剂对兔眼无刺激。结论     

0.005%阿托品滴眼液控制低度近视儿童近视进展的安全性及有效性

目的:观察低度近视儿童应用质量分数0.005%阿托品滴眼液控制近视进展的安全性及有效性。方法:前瞻性对照研究。116例116眼低度近视儿童根据受试者和监护人意愿分为两组。阿托品(试验)组：58例58眼近视儿童配戴全矫单焦框架眼镜,同时睡前双眼各点1滴质量分数0.005%的阿托品滴眼液。框架镜(对照)组：58例58眼近视儿童仅配戴全矫单焦框架眼镜。用药前及用药后每4mo复查一次,共随访12mo,观察两组近视等效球镜度、眼轴长度、瞳孔直径和调节幅度的变化情况及试验组的不适症状。结果:随访1a后,两组的近视等效球镜度和眼轴长度治疗前后均有差异(P<0.05);两组间近视等效球镜屈光度增加量无差异(P>0.05);两组间眼轴长度增加量有微小差异,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组的瞳孔直径增加量有差异(P<0.05);两组的调节幅度下降量有差异(P<0.01)。试验组不适症状：用药初期6眼(10.3%)出现畏光,其中4眼用药2wk后畏光消失,余2眼4wk后消失。无视近模糊、过敏等其它不适症状。结论:低度近视儿童规律应用质量分数0.005%阿托品滴眼液1a,与...     

圆锥角膜发病的力学因素及其机制

圆锥角膜是一种以角膜进行性变薄前突为特征的角膜扩张性疾病。其发病机制尚不清楚。体外实验表明力学刺激可能通过升高氧化应激水平和炎症因子浓度而损伤角膜基质细胞,造成角膜细胞外基质降解等一系列变化。大量临床研究证实揉眼、由睡姿引起的眼球压迫等力学因素可能在圆锥角膜发生发展的过程中起重要作用。它们可能通过增加泪液炎症因子水平、造成眼压变化、改变角膜生物力学性能以及机械摩擦直接损伤角膜组织、升高角膜上皮温度等机制对角膜造成影响。本文就力学因素对角膜基质细胞、角膜组织的影响及其在圆锥角膜发病机制中可能的作用进行阐述,以期为预防和管理圆锥角膜提供参考。     

折叠式人工玻璃体球囊在严重眼外伤眼及硅油依赖眼的应用

目的 观察折叠式人工玻璃体球囊(FCVB)用于眼球破裂伤伴眼内容物缺失患眼Ⅰ期植入及硅油依赖眼Ⅱ期植入的效果.设计回顾性病例系列.研究对象2017-2020年北京爱尔英智眼科医院接受FCVB植入的眼球破裂伤(7例)及硅油依赖眼(14例)的患者.方法 回顾患者的病历资料.平均随访(15.6±9.8)个月.主要指标视力、眼...     

Biting Innovations of Mosquito-Based Biomaterials and Medical Devices

Mosquitoes are commonly viewed as pests and deadly predators by humans. Despite this perception, investigations of their survival-based behaviors, select anatomical features, and biological composition have led to the creation of several beneficial technologies for medical applications. In this review, we briefly explore these mosquito-based innovations by discussing how unique characteristics and behaviors of mosquitoes drive the development of select biomaterials and medical devices. Mosquito-inspired microneedles have been fabricated from a variety of materials, including biocompatible metals and polymers, to mimic of the mouthparts that some mosquitoes use to bite a host with minimal injury during blood collection. The salivary components that these mosquitoes use to reduce the clotting of blood extracted during the biting process provide a rich source of anticoagulants that could potentially be integrated into blood-contacting biomaterials or administered in therapeutics to reduce the risk of thrombosis. Mosquito movement, vision, and olfaction are other behaviors that also have the potential for inspiring the development of medically relevant technologies. For instance, viscoelastic proteins that facilitate mosquito movement are being investigated for use in tissue engineering and drug delivery applications. Even the non-wetting nanostructure of a mosquito eye has inspired the creation of a robust superhydrophobic surface coating that shows promise for biomaterial and drug delivery applications. Additionally, biosensors incorporating mosquito olfactory receptors have been built to detect disease-specific volatile organic compounds. Advanced technologies derived from mosquitoes, and insects in general, form a research area that is ripe for exploration and can uncover potential in further dissecting mosquito features for the continued development of novel medical innovations.     

The Role of Resveratrol in Eye Diseases—A Review of the Literature

Resveratrol (3,5,4′-trans-trihydroxystilbene) is a polyphenolic phytoalexin belonging to the stilbene family. It is commonly found in grape skins and seeds, as well as other plant-based foods. Oxidative stress and inflammation play a key role in the initiation and progression of age-related eye disorders (glaucoma, cataracts, diabetic retinopathy, and macular degeneration) that lead to a progressive loss of vision and blindness. Even though the way resveratrol affects the human body and the course of many diseases is still the subject of ongoing scientific research, it has been shown that the broad spectrum of anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties of resveratrol has a beneficial effect on eye tissues. In our research, we decided to analyze the current scientific literature on resveratrol, its possible mechanisms of action, and its therapeutic application in order to assess its effectiveness in eye diseases.     

两种不同剂型的氟康唑治疗外耳道真菌病的最小成本分析

目的:比较氟康唑注射液和氟康唑滴眼液外用滴耳治疗外耳道真菌病的成本和效果。方法:回顾性分析我院采用氟康唑注射液或氟康唑滴眼液治疗的外耳道真菌病患者278例,按照不同的治疗方案进行分组,其中氟康唑注射液组88例,氟康唑滴眼液组190例,统计两组疗效及费用,并运用最小成本法进行分析。结果:氟康唑注射液组有效率为98.8%,氟康唑滴眼液组有效率为99.4%,两组比较差异无统计学意义;氟康唑注射液组治疗费用为(254.76±16.23)元,氟康唑滴眼液组治疗费用为(65.56±27.13)元,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:两种治疗方案治疗外耳道真菌病的疗效均较好,从经济学角度看,氟康唑滴眼液治疗成本较小,为较佳治疗方案。     

肉眼和电镜观察聚-DL-乳酸可吸收生物膜联合丹参预防硬膜外粘连的效果

目的观察聚-DL-乳酸（PDLLA）可吸收生物膜联合丹参预防腰椎术后硬膜外粘连的效果。方法将60只新西兰白兔随机均分成5组,施以L5—L7全椎板切除术,A组放置明胶海绵片,B组明胶海绵片＋丹参注射液,C组PDLLA可吸收膜．D组明胶海绵片＋丹参注射液＋PDLLA可吸收膜,E组空白对照组不作特殊处理,于术后2周、4周、8周、12周分别行肉眼大体观察、电镜观察瘢痕生长及硬膜外粘连情况。结果B组、C组和D组有非常明显防粘连效果,与E组及A组之间存在显著性差异（P〈0．05）,虽然B组,C组和D组之间在防粘连效果方面无显著差异（P〉0．05）,但D组的防粘连效果更为突出,直到12周时电镜下成纤维细胞和胶原纤维仍呈现生长缓慢,排列紊乱和结构疏松的镜像。结论丹参＋PDLLA可吸收膜有很好的三维防粘连效果．可作为理想的预防硬膜外粘连材料。     

HPLC法测定盐酸吗啉胍滴眼液的含量

目的建立HPLC法测定盐酸吗啉胍滴眼液中盐酸吗啉胍的含量。方法采用C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱;检测波长为237 nm;进样量为10μl;流动相为甲醇-水-三乙醇胺(100∶400∶1)(冰醋酸调节pH值至4.2);流速为0.8 ml·min-1。结果盐酸吗啉胍在4.03～40.27 mg·L-1范围内线性关系良好,r=0.999 9(n=8)。平均回收率为99.54%,RSD=0.84%。结论该方法灵敏、准确、简便,可作为盐酸吗啉胍滴眼液的质量控制方法。