卒中急性期非痴呆型血管性认知障碍患者工作记忆的事件相关电位特征研究

目的 探索卒中急性期非痴呆型血管性认知障碍(PS-VCIND)患者的工作记忆特点.方法 卒中急性期PS-VCIND及卒中后无认知障碍(PS-NCI)患者各13例,行数字n-back (n=0,1)工作记忆任务的ERP实验,记录行为学数据及EEG,离线处理数据,比较两组在不同记忆负荷下的行为表现及ERP成分的差异.结果 两组被试1-back较0-back任务反应时均延长(P＜0.001),正确率无变化;不同组别(PS-VCIND和PS-NCI)间正确率与反应时差异均无统计学意义.ERP数据示PS-VCIND组1-back较0-back的P300潜伏期延长(P=0.011)、波幅减小(P=0.001);且在1-back任务中,PS-VCIND较PS-NCI组潜伏期延长(P=0.047)、波幅减小(P=0.035).结论卒中急性期PS-VCIND患者存在工作记忆损害,n-back范式诱发的ERP成分可增加卒中后认知障碍早期诊断的客观性.     

住院患者对无陪护病房支持度的调查分析

目的 了解住院患者对无陪护病房的支持度.方法 自行设计调查问卷,内容包括患者的社会学特征、家庭年收入、住院天数、住院频率以及对无陪护病房的支持度.对98例内、外科住院患者进行调查,调查结果行描述性统计分析.结果 47例患者支持开展无陪护病房(支持率48.0%),51例反对,与年龄、文化程度、家庭收入、住院时间、住院次...     

急性SIVmac感染猴模型评价中药1号体内抗病毒效果

采用ＳＩＶｍａｃ感染剂量（１～１０ＭＩＤ５０）和先给药后感染方式，中药Ⅰ号能１００％保护动物不发生活动性ＳＩＶ感染，表现在感染治疗后从血浆分离病毒阴性，无可检出的抗体，ＰＣＲ检测ＰＢＭＣＳＩＶｍａｃＤＮＡ阴性，但巢式—ＰＣＲ检测２／３猴阳性。对照组３／４猴建立了真正感染，病毒分离阳性，抗体上升。中ＳＩＶｍａｃ感染剂量（１０～１００ＭＩＤ５０和先感染后给药方式，中药Ⅰ号未能抑制感染后２周的血浆病毒水平，但与对照组比较明显降低感染２周后的血浆病毒水平。表明中药Ⅰ号有抗猴体内病毒的作用。本模型亦可应用于中药方剂猴体内抗病毒的效果评价。     

结直肠癌术后无病与术后转移证候特点及演变规律系统评价

[主要目的]分析结直肠癌术后无病与术后转移证候特点及演变规律,为临床治疗提供依据。[资料来源]2009年3月至2011年5月辽宁中医药大学附属医院住院结直肠癌术后患者。[选择文献量及依据]第一诊断为结直肠癌,术后患者,病理诊断明确;中医四诊资料全面;同一患者多次入院证候发生明显变化时,重复纳入,共116例住院结直肠癌术后患者原始病历。[数据提炼规则及应用方法]对四诊资料(乏力,纳差,腹痛,腹胀,大便干,便溏,消瘦,恶心,呕吐,失眠,口干苦,咳嗽,肝区不适,尿频,尿少,舌质暗,舌红,苔腻,苔白,苔黄,少苔,脉沉,脉细,脉弦,脉滑等)量化,有记为1,无记为0。用Microsoft Excel软件建立数据库统计,以证候出现频次排列,按术后是否发生转移分析。[数据综合得出结果与结论]结直肠癌术后术后无病与术后转移多有乏力、纳差、苔白、脉沉、腹胀等肝郁脾虚,术后无病脾虚为主,术后转移肝郁突出,并多有咳嗽。结直肠癌术后术后无病治宜健脾益气兼疏肝、调节情志等;术后转移治宜重在疏肝解郁、健脾益气、宣肺止咳等。     

川芎嗪对急性心肌梗死血运重建后"心肌无复流"患者心肌组织灌注的影响

目的 观察川芎嗪对急性心肌梗死（AMI）患者梗死相关血管（mA）再通后心肌无复流（No．reflow，NR）现象的疗效。方法 首次急性sr段抬高心肌梗死（STEMI）患者，急诊经皮经腔冠状动脉介入（PCI）后，经单光子发射型计算机断层显像（SPECT）诊断为心肌NR者，随机分为治疗组（40例）和对照组（42例）。对照组接受常规治疗，治疗组在常规治疗基础上静脉给予川芎嗪注射液。分别于24h内（4—24h）及15d后（15—28d）复查SPECT，观察左室心肌灌注缺损积分（myocardium peffusion defect score，MPDS），左室射血分数（LVEF）、左室舒张末期容积（LVEDV）和左室收缩末期容积（LVESV）。结果 24h内及15d后，治疗组的MPDS均较PCI后即刻减低，其减低幅度均显著大于对照组（均P〈0．05）；两组的LVESV和LVEDV均呈增加趋势，但治疗组LVESV和LVEDV的增加幅度显著低于对照组（均P〈0．05）；15d后治疗组SPECT心肌NR的发生率显著低于对照组。结论 川芎嗪可显著改善心肌组织灌注，减轻心肌NR现象，从而缩小心肌坏死范围。抑制心室重构。     

Safety assessment of sandalwood oil (Santalum album L.).

Sandalwood (Santalum album L.) is a fragrant wood from which oil is derived for use in food and cosmetics. Sandalwood oil is used in the food industry as a flavor ingredient with a daily consumption of 0.0074 mg/kg. Over 100 constituents have been identified in sandalwood oil with the major constituent being alpha-santalol. Sandalwood oil and its major constituent have low acute oral and dermal toxicity in laboratory animals. Sandalwood oil was not mutagenic in spore Rec assay and was found to have anticarcinogenic, antiviral and bactericidal activity. Occasional cases of irritation or sensitization reactions to sandalwood oil in humans are reported in the literature. Although the available information on toxicity of sandalwood oil is limited, it has a long history of oral use without any reported adverse effects and is considered safe at present use levels.     

Toxicological assessment of a particulate yeast (1,3/1,6)-beta-D-glucan in rats.

This study investigates the toxicity of WGP 3-6, a yeast-derived beta-glucan ingredient, during single-dose acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies in rats. For the acute study, Fisher-344 rats were administered WGP 3-6 via gavage at a dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight, and any evidence of toxicity was monitored over a 14-day period. WGP 3-6 was well tolerated, indicating that the LD(50) value is greater than 2000 mg/kg body weight. For the sub-chronic study, Fisher-344 rats (10/sex/group) were randomly allocated to receive daily gavage treatment with WGP 3-6 at doses of 0, 2, 33.3, or 100 mg/kg body weight. Control and high-dose satellite recovery groups of each sex also were included. Full toxicological monitoring and endpoint investigations were performed throughout and upon completion of the study. No negative effects on animal weights or food consumption attributable to WGP 3-6 were evident at any dose. In addition, no mortality, clinical pathology, functional/behavioral, microscopic, or gross observations indicating toxicity were observed. Sporadic changes in some biochemical and hematological parameters were observed; however, since the effects were within the physiological ranges in historical controls, were not dose-responsive, or were not observed in both sexes, they were determined to be of no toxicological significance. In conclusion, no adverse or toxic effects were observed after subchronic oral administration of 2, 33.3, or 100mg/kg body weight/day of WGP 3-6 in Fisher-344 rats, and therefore, a no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of 100 mg/kg body weight/day, the highest dose tested, was determined.