尿糖与尿微量白蛋白联合检验诊断糖尿病早期肾损伤的临床价值

目的探讨尿糖与尿微量白蛋白联合检验诊断糖尿病早期肾损伤的临床价值。方法在我院2012年1月到2013年12月收治的所有2型糖尿病患者中随机抽取50例患者作为观察组。另外随机抽取来我院进行健康体检的健康人群50例为对照组,对两组的尿糖和尿微量白蛋白的水平进行检测。结果观察组患者尿糖和尿微量白蛋白的水平显著高于对照组（P＜0．05）;对照组尿糖和尿微量白蛋白阳性率均为0,观察组分别为84％、72％。结论使用尿糖和尿微量白蛋白进行联合检验,能够有效提高对糖尿病的正确诊断率,减少误诊和漏诊的发生．提高对糖尿病早期肾损伤诊断的可信度和准确性。     

细菌溶解产物口服治疗通过影响T细胞平衡改善PM2.5所致大鼠气道炎症

目的本研究旨在从Th1/Th2及Th17/Treg平衡轴的角度探讨PM2.5暴露及细菌溶解产物Broncho-Vaxom(BV)治疗与健康大鼠气道炎症的关系。方法PM2.5暴露组鼻内滴注PM2.5混悬液,口服生理盐水;BV治疗组暴露与PM2.5暴露组相同,口服BV溶液;对照组均用生理盐水代替。对大鼠鼻黏膜进行组织病理学检查;用流式细胞仪和酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg细胞的表达和功能。结果PM2.5暴露组大鼠鼻黏膜出现炎症细胞浸润;Th2细胞和Th17细胞显著上调,Treg细胞显著下调;血清中相关细胞因子IL-4、IL-5、IL-13及IL-17显著升高,IFN-γ和IL-10显著下降。BV干预后鼻黏膜炎性细胞浸润减少、Th细胞相关免疫失衡减轻。结论PM2.5可诱导健康大鼠产生气道炎症,PM2.5暴露所诱导的气道炎症可能与Th1/Th2和Th17/Treg细胞免疫失衡有关,BV可减轻PM2.5诱导的气道炎症及Th细胞相关免疫失衡。     

A meta-analysis about the association between −1082G/A and −819C/T polymorphisms of IL-10 gene and risk of type 2 diabetes

The present meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the association between the −1082G/A and −819C/T polymorphisms of the IL-10 gene and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Relevant articles were identified by searching PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) were used to assess the strength of the association between target polymorphisms and the risk of T2DM. Significant associations between the −1082G/A polymorphism and T2DM were found for the allele contrast (OR = 0.90, 95% CI: [0.83, 0.98], P = 0.02), homozygote contrast (OR = 0.82, 95% CI: [0.69, 0.97], P = 0.02), and recessive genetic model (OR = 0.85, 95% CI: [0.74, 0.96], P = 0.01). However, no significant association was found for the dominant genetic model (OR = 0.91, 95% CI: [0.80, 1.05], P = 0.08). The association between −819C/T polymorphism and T2DM was significant for the allele contrast (OR = 0.73, 95% CI: [0.64, 0.84], P < 0.01); however, no significant associations were found for −819C/T in the homozygote contrast (OR = 1.01, 95% CI: [0.38, 2.67], P = 0.99), dominant genetic model (OR = 0.94, 95% CI: [0.50, 1.77], P = 0.86), and recessive genetic model (OR = 0.92, 95% CI: [0.50, 1.68], P = 0.78). No significant publication bias was detected. This meta-analysis suggests that allele A of −1082G/A and allele C of −819C/T in the IL-10 gene have potentially protective effects in terms of risk of T2DM.     

An autoradiographic study of neurotensin receptors in the human hypothalamus

The aim of the present investigation was to determine a detailed mapping of neurotensin (NT) in the human hypothalamus, the brain region involved in neuroendocrine control. For this, we investigated the presence and the distribution of neurotensin binding sites in the human hypothalamus, using an in vitro quantitative autoradiography technique and the selective radioligand monoiodo-Tyr3-neurotensin (2000 Ci/mM). This study was performed on nine adult human postmortem hypothalami. We first determined the biochemical kinetics of the binding and found that binding affinity constants were of high affinity and do not differ significantly between all cases investigated. Our analysis of the autoradiographic distribution shows that NT binding sites are widely distributed throughout the rostrocaudal extent of the hypothalamus. However, the distribution of NT binding sites is not homogenous and regional variations exist. In general, the highest densities are mainly present in the anterior hypothalamic level, particularly in the preoptic region and the anterior boarding limit (i.e. the diagonal band of Broca). Important NT binding site densities are also present at the mediobasal hypothalamic level, particularly in the paraventricular, parafornical and dorsomedial nuclei. At the posterior level, relatively moderate densities could be observed in the mammillary complex subdivisions, apart from the supramammillary nucleus and the posterior hypothalamic area. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates the occurrence of high concentrations of NT binding sites in various structures in many regions in the human adult hypothalamus, involved in the control of neuroendocrine and/or neurovegetative functions.     

中医药防治雾霾致病的研究进展

正世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)2014年3月的最新估计认为,全球2012年由于大气污染导致的过早死亡约七百万人,占全球总死亡的八分之一,这一数字比早前其公布的数据高出近一倍,并认为大气污染已经成为当今世界最大的环境健康风险因素[1]。大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)是指空气动力学直径2.5μm的颗粒物,是大气污染中的主要有害成分[2],由于粒径小,表面积大,吸附有大量有害物质如有机物多环芳烃、无机物、重金属及致病     

广州市某区大气PM2.5浓度与儿童呼吸门诊量相关性

目的 分析广州市某区大气细颗粒污染物(PM_2.5)对儿童医院呼吸系统日门诊量的影响。方法 收集广州市某儿童医院2013年1月1日—2016年12月31日呼吸系统疾病日门诊量,结合同期环保与气象资料,采用时间序列分析方法,运用广义相加模型(GAM)控制时间趋势、温度、湿度以及星期几效应后对PM_2.5与门诊量进行单污染物模型分析,得出当天及滞后1~5 d的效应值,采用最大效应值作为PM_2.5对门诊量影响的评估值。结果 广州市2013—2016年大气PM_2.5年均值分别为54.11、48.58、39.74和35.11 μg/m³。Spearman相关分析得呼吸系统疾病日门诊量与PM_2.5、PM₁₀、NO₂、SO₂为正相关,均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。时间序列分析显示PM_2.5浓度升高与当天以及滞后1~5 d的呼吸系统疾病就诊量呈显著相关,并在滞后第二天达到高峰,PM_2.5浓度每增加10 μg/m³,呼吸系统疾病就诊量增加1.11%(95%CI:0.59%,1.64%)。结论 2013—2016年广州市某区大气PM_2.5污染对儿童呼吸系统门诊量有显著影响,PM_2.5浓度增加会导致儿童呼吸系统门诊量增加。