丹参和黄芪注射液在溃疡性结肠炎中的临床应用

目的探讨丹参和黄芪注射液治疗活动期的中重度溃疡性结肠炎(UC)的临床疗效.方法除常规治疗外,加用丹参注射液0.8～1.2 ml/kg/日及黄芪注射液0.6～1.0ml/kg/日静脉滴注,每疗程14天.并与常规治疗方法对照比较.结果丹参、黄芪组取得良好治疗效果的时间为12.7±5.6天,明显短于常规治疗组17.3±7.8天(P＜0.05);丹参、黄芪组糖皮质激素使用剂量也明显低于常规治疗组(P＜0.01);常规治疗组有2例出现严重并发症,而丹参、黄芪组无1例出现.结论丹参和黄芪注射液治疗活动期中重度UC有较好疗效,无明显副作用.     

凝结芽孢杆菌TBC-169菌株治疗抗原诱导大鼠结肠炎的实验研究

背景：开发新的溃疡性结肠炎（UC）治疗药物是当前研究的热点。目的：探讨凝结芽孢杆菌（B.coagulans）TBC-169菌株对抗原诱导的大鼠结肠炎的疗效和作用机制。方法：以牛结肠黏膜蛋白多次免疫建立大鼠结肠炎模型,予B.coagulansTBC-169菌株制剂和美沙拉秦单独或联合治疗。21d后处死大鼠,评定结肠湿重指数、溃疡指数和组织学评分,测定肠系膜淋巴细胞转化率和血清白细胞介素（IL）-8、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α、IgG水平。结果：美沙拉秦组、大剂量B.coagulans组和联合治疗组结肠湿重指数较模型对照组显著降低（P〈0.05）。各治疗组结肠溃疡指数和结肠中上段组织学评分较模型对照组显著降低,T细胞转化率显著升高,血清IL-8水平显著降低（P〈0.05）。与模型对照组相比,大剂量B.coagulans组和联合治疗组血清TNF-α水平显著降低（P〈0.01）,小剂量B.coagulans组血清IgG水平显著降低（P〈0.01）,单用美沙拉秦则无类似作用。结论：B.coagulansTBC-169菌株可明显改善模型大鼠的结肠黏膜损伤,其机制与调控炎症因子表达、恢复机体免疫功能等有关。     

趋化因子CCL20及其受体CCR6在实验性结肠炎小鼠中的表达及其意义

背景：溃疡性结肠炎（UC）的病因和发病机制尚不完全明确，趋化因子异常可能在其发生、发展中起重要作用。目的：研究趋化因子CCL20及其受体CCR6在葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）诱导的实验性结肠炎小鼠结肠黏膜中的表达以及CCL20与CCR6的相关性，探讨两者在结肠炎发病机制中的作用。方法：30只雌性BALB／c小鼠分为对照组和模型组。模型组小鼠自由饮用5％DSS溶液7d，建立实验性结肠炎模型；对照组小鼠自由饮用蒸馏水7d。第8d处死小鼠，观察疾病活动指数（DAI）、结肠组织学评分。以逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT．PCR）检测小鼠结肠黏膜CCL20、CCR6mRNA表达，以免疫组化和蛋白质印迹法检测结肠黏膜CCL20、CCR6蛋白表达，并分析CCL20与CCR6的相关性。结果：模型组DAI和结肠组织学评分均显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）；CCL20、CCR6mRNA和蛋白表达显著高于对照组（P〈0．01），且与结肠炎症程度呈正相关。CCL20mRNA表达与CCR6mRNA表达有明显相关性（r＝0．763．P=0．000071）。结论：CCL20和CCR6表达参与了结肠炎的发生和发展，两者相互作用可能在结肠炎局部结肠组织破坏和病理变化中起重要作用，有望成为UC的潜在治疗靶点。     

美沙拉嗪对结肠炎大鼠肠黏膜免疫反应中DCs的影响

目的观察树突状细胞（dendriticcells，DCs）在实验性结肠炎大鼠肠道免疫系统中的变化及对炎症细胞因子的影响，并探讨美沙拉嗪治疗机制。方法30只雄性大鼠建立实验性结肠炎模型，随机均分为正常对照组（NC组）、模型对照组（CC组）和美沙拉嗪治疗组（MC组）。光镜下观察大鼠结肠组织炎症并评分，检测DCs细胞表面标志物OX-62、CD83、MHC—Ⅱ和CD86分子表达率，检测伊尔氏淋巴滤泡（PP）炎症细胞因子的表达。结果NC、CC和MC组炎症评分分别为4．35±0．88、10．25±t．36和6．78±0.71，各组间均有显著差异（P〈0．05）。免疫组化示NC、CC和MC组肠系膜淋巴结DCs上OX-62表达分别为198．6±87．7、1422．1±598．2、503．2±78．4；CD83表达分别为87．6±24．4、709．2±199．6、322．7±112．3；流式细胞仪检测MHC—Ⅱ表达率分别为（26．2±7．2）％、（84．6±9．4）％和（48．1±9．0）％；CD86为（20．5±7．7）％、（80．6±8．8）％和（47．8±11．4）％，各组间均有显著差异（P〈0．05）。酶免疫分析法CC组检测PP细胞因子TNF—α、IFN-γ和IL—12表达高于NC组，而IL-10低于NC组，MC组TNF-α、IFN-γ和IL-12表达均低于CC组，但高于NC组，IL—10表达相反，各组间比较均有明显差异（P〈0．05），三组大鼠的TGF—β表达则均无差异（P〉0．05）。结论树突状细胞分化、发育与成熟，影响肠道炎症细胞因子的失平衡，可能与结肠自身免疫损伤有关；美沙拉嗪抑制DCs的活化，促进促炎因子和抑炎因子平衡。     

实验性结肠炎大鼠内毒素-Toll样受体4-核因子κB信号通路的变化及益生菌的作用

目的探讨和分析实验性结肠炎大鼠血浆内毒素水平的变化及结肠Toll样受体4（TLR4）和核因子κB（NF-κB）表达及意义,并分析益生菌的作用。方法30只雄性W istar大鼠均分为正常对照组（NC组）、模型对照组（UC组）和益生菌治疗组（PC组）;UC和PC组建立2,4,6-三硝基苯磺酸（TNBS）实验性结肠炎大鼠模型,PC组大鼠给予双歧三联活菌悬液（2.2×10^9CFU/只）治疗,1次/d,共4周。光镜下观察肠黏膜炎性反应并评分;鲎试验检测各组大鼠血浆内毒素水平;W estern印迹法和实时荧光定量PCR法检测大鼠结肠TLR4和NF-κB p65蛋白及mRNA的表达,分析其变化及益生菌的作用。结果PC组炎性反应评分较UC组明显降低（P〈0.05）,但高于NC组（P〈0.01）;PC组血浆内毒素明显低于UC组（P〈0.05）,但高于NC组（P〈0.01）;UC组TLR4和NF-κB p65的蛋白及mRNA表达明显高于PC组和NC组（P〈0.05、0.01）,PC组高于NC组（P〈0.01）。结论内毒素-TLR4-NF-κB信号通路参与了大鼠实验性结肠炎的发生和发展,减少内毒素的产生、降低大鼠结肠TLR4和NF-κB表达可能是益生菌减轻大鼠结肠炎症的机制之一。     

复方甘草酸苷对小鼠实验性结肠炎NF-κB、STAT3信号转导通路的影响

背景：溃疡性结肠炎（UC）的病因、发病机制不明,且缺乏有效治愈手段.对相关信号转导通路的研究有助于了解药物干预的作用机制.目的：观察复方甘草酸苷对小鼠实验性结肠炎的治疗作用及其对NF-κB、STAT3信号转导通路的影响.方法：40只健康昆明小鼠随机分为四组,一组为正常对照组,另三组以噁唑酮诱导实验性结肠炎,随后分别腹腔注射0.9%NaCl溶液（模型对照组）、复方甘草酸苷（甘草酸苷组）或予柳氮磺砒啶（SASP）灌胃（SASP组）7 d.观察各组小鼠疾病活动指数（DAI）、结肠组织大体和组织学损伤评分以及髓过氧化物酶（MP0）活性,蛋白质印记法检测结肠黏膜NF-κB、STAT3活化水平.结果：模型对照组DAI、大体和组织学损伤评分、MP0活性以及结肠黏膜固有层单个核细胞中活化NF-κB p65、STAT3的表达均显著高于正常对照组（P＜0.05）,甘草酸苷组和SASP组则较模型对照组显著降低（P＜0.05）,甘草酸苷组与SASP组间仅DAI和组织学损伤评分有显著差异（P＜0.05）.结论：复方甘草酸苷能有效改善小鼠实验性结肠炎的炎症活动水平,其作用机制可能与下调NF-κB、STAT3信号转导通路有关.     

溃疡性结肠炎患者手术治疗预测因素分析

手术是溃疡性结肠炎（UC）内科治疗无效或发生严重并发症者的治疗选择.目的：分析UC患者行手术治疗的可能预测因素.方法：纳入1998年8月～2009年9月北京协和医院住院UC患者312例,其中34例接受手术治疗,278例接受非手术治疗,回顾性分析、比较两组患者的各类临床资料.结果：住院UC患者手术率为10.9%,手术死亡率为5.9%,重度UC患者手术率为23.9%.手术组13例患者为激素抵抗,8例为激素依赖,9例发生严重并发症,4例激素治疗有效者主动要求手术治疗.手术组平均住院次数显著多于非手术组（P〈0.05）,术前Hb、白蛋白显著低于非手术组（P〈0.05）,CRP显著高于非手术组（P〈0.05）,重度结肠炎、全结肠炎患者比例显著高于非手术组（P〈0.05）.结论：疾病严重程度高、病变范围广、对激素抵抗的UC患者,手术需求增加.     

Clinical Characteristics and Long-term Outcomes of Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis: A Single-Center Experience in Korea

Background/AimsAlthough pediatric ulcerative colitis (UC) has a different phenotype and clinical course than adult UC, its clinical features and outcomes are poorly defined, especially in Asian populations. This study investigated the clinical features and long-term outcomes of pediatric UC in a Korean population.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 208 patients aged <18 years diagnosed with UC between 1987 and 2013. The patient characteristics at diagnosis according to the Paris classification and the clinical course were analyzed.ResultsThe male-to-female ratio was 1.31, and the median patient age was 15.5 years. At diagnosis, 28.8% of patients had proctitis (E1), 27.8%, left-sided colitis (E2); 5.2%, extensive colitis (E3); and 38.2%, pancolitis (E4). The cumulative probabilities of extension after 5, 10, 15, and 20 years were 32.7%, 40.4%, 52.5%, and 65.8%, respectively. Eighteen patients underwent colectomy, and three patients had colorectal cancer. The cumulative probabilities of colectomy after 5, 10, 15, and 20 years were 7.1%, 8.9%, 12.6%, and 15.6%, and those of colorectal cancer after 10, 15, and 20 years were 0%, 2.1%, and 12.0%, respectively. The disease extent, Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Activity Index severity, and systemic corticosteroid therapy were significant risk factors for colectomy. The development of primary sclerosing cholangitis was significantly associated with colorectal cancer.ConclusionsThis study provides detailed information on the disease phenotype and long-term clinical outcomes in a large cohort of Korean children with UC. They have extensive disease at diagnosis, a high rate of disease extension, and a low rate of cumulative colectomy.     

Mortality from Ulcerative Colitis in Denmark 1960–1969

The mortality from ulcerative colitis in Denmark, calculated on the basis of the mortality statistics, was 0.5/100,000/year for the period 1960–69. The total material consists of 110 females and 108 males with ulcerative colitis. The mortality showed a decreasing tendency during the study period, but the fall was not significant. The distribution of the deaths between rural and urban areas corresponded to the distribution of the general population. 93 % of the deaths took place in hospital, the greater part in surgical departments.     

Endoscopic ultrasonograms in patients with Behçet's colitis

Abstract

Low-field extremity magnetic resonance imaging (lfMRI) is currently commercially available and has been used clinically to evaluate rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, one disadvantage of this new modality is that the field of view (FOV) is too small to assess hand and wrist joints simultaneously. Thus, we have developed a new lfMRI system, compacTscan, with a FOV that is large enough to simultaneously assess the entire wrist to proximal interphalangeal joint area. In this work, we examined its clinical value compared to conventional 1.5 tesla (T) MRI. The comparison involved evaluating three RA patients by both 0.3 T compacTscan and 1.5 T MRI on the same day. Bone erosion, bone edema, and synovitis were estimated by our new compact MRI scoring system (cMRIS) and the κ coefficient was calculated on a joint-by-joint basis. We evaluated a total of 69 regions. Bone erosion was detected in 49 regions by compacTscan and in 48 regions by 1.5 T MRI, while the total erosion score was 77 for compacTscan and 76.5 for 1.5 T MRI. These findings point to excellent agreement between the two techniques (κ = 0.833). Bone edema was detected in 14 regions by compacTscan and in 19 by 1.5 T MRI, and the total edema score was 36.25 by compacTscan and 47.5 by 1.5 T MRI. Pseudo-negative findings were noted in 5 regions. However, there was still good agreement between the techniques (κ = 0.640). Total number of evaluated joints was 33. Synovitis was detected in 13 joints by compacTscan and 14 joints by 1.5 T MRI, while the total synovitis score was 30 by compacTscan and 32 by 1.5 T MRI. Thus, although 1 pseudo-positive and 2 pseudo-negative findings resulted from the joint evaluations, there was again excellent agreement between the techniques (κ = 0.827). Overall, the data obtained by our compacTscan system showed high agreement with those obtained by conventional 1.5 T MRI with regard to diagnosis and the scoring of bone erosion, edema, and synovitis. We conclude that compacTscan is useful for diagnosis and estimation of disease activity in patients with RA.