益生菌CMS-H002和CMS-H003联用对小鼠急性溃疡性结肠炎的影响

目的：研究肠道益生菌CMS-H002和CMS-H003对小鼠溃疡性结肠炎（UC）的治疗作用。方法：建立硫酸葡聚糖胺（DSS）诱导的小鼠急性UC模型。观察益生菌CMS-H002和CMS-H003治疗后，疾病活动指数（DAI）、肠道菌群及丙二醛（MDA）的变化。结果：肠道益生菌CMS-H002和CMS-H003均可明显降低DAJ的水平及结肠组织的MDA水平。疗效均优于或等于巴柳氮阳性治疗药物。治疗后，各益生菌治疗组粪便乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌菌数均有不同程度增加；而大肠杆菌及金黄色葡萄球菌菌数均有不同程度减少；其中用CMS-H003和合用组治疗后，丁酸梭菌菌数也有增加。以合用组小鼠粪便菌群更趋近于正常小鼠粪便菌群构成。而巴柳氮阳性治疗组对小鼠粪便的菌群菌数无明显影响。结论：口服肠道益生菌CMS-H002和CMS-H003可明显改善5％DSS诱导的Balb／c小鼠急性UC的一般表现及组织学损伤。两茼舍用效果尤为明显。减少自由基的产生及逆转病态菌群是它们发挥治疗UC作用的部分机制。     

Pyelonephritis mimicking colitis on CT: case report

We report a patient with acute pyelonephritis in whom the dominant computed tomographic findings were ascending colon and cecal wall thickening and pericolonic fat stranding, likely related to contiguous inflammation from the right kidney. To our knowledge, this is the first report of acute pyelonephritis affecting the right colon mimicking colitis on computed tomography.     

The “air enema” in acute colitis

The plain abdominal radiograph is an important investigation in acute colitis, but may fail to demonstrate the state of the colon owing to a lack of intracolonic gas. The extent of the colitis can be demonstrated by introducing air directly into the large bowel; the air also provides sufficient contrast to distinguish a granular from an ulcerated mucosa. The air enema may be used as an alternative to an unprepared barium enema. Its accuracy has been established by comparison with an unprepared barium enema in 10 patients with acute colitis.     

Colitis cystica profunda: MRI appearance

Colitis cystica profunda (CCP) is an uncommon benign condition characterized by mucin-filled cysts located in the submucosa, frequently associated with the solitary ulcer and rectal prolapse syndromes. The diagnosis of this entity is important as it can mimic rectal cancer and therefore may result in unnecessary surgical resection. Endoscopic examination and barium enema findings are suggestive but not specific, neither are superficial biopsy findings. Transrectal ultrasound is helpful in the diagnosis by imaging the layers of the rectal wall. The authors report a 16-year-old male with a rectal lesion mimicking malignant mass on endoscopic examination. The lesion was defined as CCP, based on MR imaging findings which disclosed multiple noninfiltrating submucosal cysts, confirmed by histopathological examination. To our knowledge, this is the first case of CCP in the radiology literature describing MRI findings.     

炎症性肠病患者病耻感体验的质性研究

目的探索炎症性肠病患者的病耻感体验,揭示患者的病耻感经历及其影响因素,为医护人员开展针对性心理护理提供理论依据。方法采用目的抽样法,选取2017年3月—2019年7月在浙江省3家三级甲等医院消化内科门诊就诊和病房住院的16例炎症性肠病患者为研究对象,采用描述性质性研究的方法,对患者进行面对面半结构式访谈,运用传统内容分析法分析资料。结果分析得出炎症性肠病患者病耻感体验的4个主题,分别为感知病耻感、实际病耻感、内化病耻感及影响病耻感产生的因素。结论受疾病、治疗、自身心理状态及社会风俗文化等因素的影响,多数炎症性肠病患者确诊疾病后存在病耻感体验,但其具体表现形式及程度存在差异。医护人员应在了解患者病耻感体验的基础上,提供个体化的照护,并给予可行的病耻感应对策略。     

Loss of CD103~+ intestinal dendritic cells during colonic inflammation

AIM:To investigate possible differences in dendritic cells(DC)within intestinal tissue of mice before and after induction of colitis. METHODS:Mucosal DC derived from intestinal tissue,as well as from mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen,were analyzed by fluorescence activated cell sorting(FACS) analysis.Supernatants of these cells were analyzed for secretion of different pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were performed on cryosections of mucosal tissue derived fro...     

Inflammatory bowel disease in the dog:Differences and similarities with humans

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) represent important chronic conditions affecting the gastrointestinal tract in man.However,similar disorders are found in several animal species and the IBD affecting dogs are particularly important.These are encompassed by an umbrella of probably several different entities with common symptoms,some of which seem to share striking similarities with human conditions.This review will focus on the actual knowledge of IBD in dogs,and attempt to identify differences and similarities with human IBD conditions.     

缺血性结肠炎与溃疡性结肠炎的临床鉴别诊断

背景:缺血性结肠炎(IC)与溃疡性结肠炎(UC,左半结肠型)在临床和内镜表现上有一定相似之处,对于临床表现不典型者,初步诊断颇具难度。目的:分析IC与UC的临i床鉴别诊断要点。方法:收集武汉大学中南医院2008年1月～2009年12月确诊为IC或UC左半结肠炎的住院患者,对其病史资料进行回顾性分析。结果:21例IC和25例UC患者纳入研究。IC患者以老年女性居多,病程相对较短,常伴有高血压和糖尿病,最突出的临床表现为突发腹痛后24 h内出现便血,贫血少见;UC患者的主要临床表现为黏液血便伴腹痛,贫血常见。IC病变多仅累及单一肠段,直肠受累少见,溃疡小而表浅,病理学表现为慢性炎,隐窝炎罕见;UC病变多起源于直肠,呈连续性,溃疡弥漫,病理学表现为慢性炎伴多种炎性细胞浸润,隐窝炎、隐窝脓肿常见。结论:根据性别、年龄、病程以及临床、实验室、内镜和病理检查结果进行综合分析,有助于IC与U C的鉴别诊断。     

暴发性溃疡性结肠炎临床诊治现状

暴发性溃疡性结肠炎(FUC)的确切定义尚待进一步明确。临床诊断除依据发热、大量黏液脓血便、腹痛、腹胀、严重毒血症以及粪便细菌培养阴性外,应强调内镜检查、肠黏膜破坏和溃疡特征的重要意义。临床处理FUC时,内外科必须紧密合作,采用重症监护、营养支持、输血和输血制品、皮质类固醇、环孢素或英夫利昔等急救措施。如内科治疗无效或出现并发症,应及时行外科治疗。     

炎症性肠病生物药物治疗现状和前景

炎症性肠病(IBD)包括溃疡性结肠炎(UC)和克罗恩病(CD),是一种病因不明的慢性非特异性炎性病变。随着免疫学和生物学的发展,越来越多的生物制剂用于IBD的治疗,这是其药物治疗的发展方向。本文就IBD生物药物治疗现状和前景作一简要综述。