Uveitis occurrence in early inflammatory back pain. Five years data from the prospective French nationwide DESIR cohort

ObjectiveUveitis is a frequent extra rheumatological manifestation in axial Spondyloarthritis (SpA). The aim of study was to evaluate the prevalence and incidence of uveitis over the first five years of a prospective nationwide cohort of patients with high suspicion of early axial SpA, and to evaluate its associated factors.MethodsDESIR is a prospective observational cohort of patients with recent onset inflammatory back pain (more than 3 months, less than 3 years), suggestive of axial SpA, All available factors in the database were compared between patients with and without uveitis at 5 years, by uni and then multivariate analysis. Baseline factors associated with new cases of uveitis occurrence over the 5 years were also analyzed. Significance: P less than 0.05.ResultsAfter 5 years, 91 patients (out of 480 with complete follow-up) had at least one uveitis episode, giving an estimated prevalence of 18.9% [95% CI: 15.4–22.4]. In multivariate analysis, uveitis was significantly associated with dactylitis, and elevated ESR. New incident uveitis occurred in 31 cases over 5 years, giving an estimated incidence rate of 1.29 [0.84–1.74]/100 patient-years. Incidence of new uveitis was associated in multivariate analysis with baseline factors: diagnosis of SpA, sacro iliac MRI inflammatory SPARCC score, dactylitis, syndesmophyte score. No significant association was found with HLA-B27, DMARDs, BASDAI, ASDAS, BASFI.ConclusionFive-years data of the DESIR cohort allowed an estimation of incidence rate of uveitis of 1.3/100p-y; over five years, uveitis was associated with dactylitis, biologic and sacro iliac MRI inflammation.     

Obstructive sleep apnea remission following bariatric surgery: a national registry cohort study

BackgroundObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is strongly associated with metabolic syndrome. Bariatric surgery is an effective available treatment for OSA; however, limited research predicts which patients undergoing bariatric surgery will undergo OSA resolution.ObjectivesTo determine perioperative predictors for OSA resolution following bariatric surgery using a national database.SettingUnited Kingdom national bariatric surgery database.MethodsThe UK National Bariatric Surgery Registry (NBSR) was interrogated to identify all patients with OSA that underwent primary bariatric surgery between January 2009 and June 2017. Those with at least 1 follow-up recording postoperative OSA status were selected for further analysis. Demographic, pre- and postoperative outcomes were collected and analyzed. Poisson multivariate regression was conducted to identify predictors of OSA remission.ResultsA total of 4015 bariatric cases were eligible for inclusion: 2482 (61.8%) patients underwent laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB), 1196 (29.8%) sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), and 337 (8.4%) adjustable gastric banding (LAGB). Overall, the mean excess weight loss (EWL) % for the whole group was 61.2 (SD ± 27.2). OSA resolution was recorded in 2377 (59.2%) patients. Following Poisson regression, LRYGB (risk ratio [RR], 1.49 confidence interval [CI] 1.25–1.78) and LSG (RR, 1.46 [CI 1.22–1.75] were associated with approximately 50% increased likelihood of OSA remission compared with LAGB. Greater weight loss following intervention was associated with greater likelihood of OSA remission, while both greater age and greater preoperative body mass index (BMI) were associated with reduced likelihood of OSA remission (P < .001).ConclusionThis study demonstrated that metabolic surgery results in OSA remission in the majority of patients with obesity. Younger age, lower BMI preprocedure, greater %EWL and the use of LSG or LRYGB positively predicted OSA remission.     

Impacto de la fragilidad y COVID-19 en una cohorte de gente mayor de la ciudad de Barcelona

Objetive To describe the incidence and mortality of the first wave of COVID-19 in the elderly population of Barcelona, according to their previous levels of frailty.DesignRetrospective cohort study.Setting and participantsPopulation aged 65 or over assigned to the Barcelona Primary Care centres of the Institut Català de la Salut, followed between March and June 2020.Main measurementsFrailty was calculated at baseline from the computerised medical records. Results during follow-up: diagnosis of COVID-19, possible or confirmed with PCR and all-cause mortality.Results251 788 patients over 64 years of age were analysed, 61.3% had some level of frailty, 27.8% moderate or severe. The incidence of COVID-19 was 3.13 cases per 100 inhabitants (N = 7883) and the mortality from COVID-19 was 21.5% (N = 1691). Both the incidence and mortality from COVID-19 were higher at older age, in men, at greater deprivation and at a higher level of frailty. Individuals with mild, moderate, and severe frailty had an adjusted Hazard Ratio (HR) for COVID-19 disease of 1.47, 2.08, and 3.50, respectively. Among subjects with COVID-19, those with mild, moderate, and severe frailty had an adjusted HR for COVID-19 mortality of 1.44, 1.69, and 2.47, respectively.ConclusionsWe consider it necessary to address frailty also in a pandemic situation, since it is a treatable condition and in turn a more serious risk factor for COVID-19, where the role of primary care is essential, due to its accessibility and longitudinal character.     

上海市松江区成年人高尿酸血症与慢性肾病关系的队列研究

目的 分析社区成年人高尿酸血症（HUA）与慢性肾病（CKD）发病风险的关系。方法 基于华东区域自然人群队列,对7 276例基线时未患CKD的上海市松江区20~74岁常住居民进行基于社区的前瞻性队列研究。CKD的诊断根据美国肾脏基金会慢性肾脏病实践指南的标准,HUA定义为血清尿酸（SUA）>420 μmol/L（男性）或>360 μmol/L（女性）。采用Cox比例风险模型分析HUA与CKD发病风险的关联。结果 经过中位时间2.65年的随访,队列人群新发CKD病例301例,累积发病率为4.14%,发病密度为16.01/1 000人年（95% CI：14.20~17.82）。CKD发病人群HUA的基线患病率显著高于非CKD发病人群。多因素Cox回归分析显示,HUA与CKD发病风险呈显著正关联,HUA患者的CKD发病风险HR值为1.92（95% CI：1.46~2.53）。在对性别、年龄、BMI、2型糖尿病、高血压等因素分层后,HUA与CKD发病风险仍呈显著正关联;在相加模型中,年龄与HUA存在交互作用,交互作用指数为1.78（95% CI：1.18~2.68）。结论 上海市松江区成年人CKD的发病率较高,HUA为CKD发病的独立危险因素。     

食管癌筛查队列操作流程与建设标准方案探讨

癌症防治工作的重点在于一级预防和二级预防,通过健康教育引起人们对疾病的重视、自觉改变不良行为习惯、主动参加定期体检是防治癌症性价比最高的措施之一。食管癌作为我国疾病负担较重的恶性肿瘤之一,定期筛查和早诊早治是该病防治工作的重点。而队列研究有助于了解食管癌的自然史和危险因素、识别食管癌高危人群。本研究拟从危险因素调查、疾病监测、生物样本信息搜集等方面对食管癌多维动态随访共享队列的建设规范进行探讨,为今后建立规范统一的食管癌筛查队列研究操作流程和建设标准提供参考。     

学龄儿童青少年骨折新发特点及其影响因素的研究

目的了解学龄儿童青少年的骨折发生特点及影响因素。方法选取参加“儿童青少年心血管与骨健康促进项目”2017年基线调查和2019年队列随访中骨折调查资料完整的12056名(男童49.4%)学龄儿童青少年作为研究对象。采用logistic回归分析年龄分组、BMI分组、骨折史及生活行为方式等因素与骨折发生风险的关系。结果北京地区学龄儿童青少年骨折的2年累计发生率为3.1%(95%CI:2.8%~3.4%),其中男童(4.1%)明显高于女童(2.1%),P<0.01;且在男童中呈现随年龄递增而在女童中递减的特点。骨折的发生部位以上肢为主(69.0%),不同性别年龄组间差异无统计学意义。此外,在男女童中均发现,骨折史是未来骨折发生的重要危险因素(男童:RR=1.81,95%CI:1.18~2.64;女童:RR=3.11,95%CI:1.74~5.13)。另在男童中发现,较长时间与频率的中高强度身体活动(≥120 min/d)和频繁饮用含糖饮料(≥1次/周)也可增加其未来骨折发生风险。结论北京地区学龄儿童青少年骨折率受到性别、年龄、骨折史和生活行为习惯的影响。应面向不同个体开展相应的预防策略,以避免儿童骨折的发生。     

中国国家出生队列研究质量控制策略与措施

出生队列是研究孕前和孕期各种环境暴露因素与胎儿、婴幼儿、青少年健康之间关系的有效方法。出生队列建设周期长、环节众多,研究质量可能受到多种因素的影响。本文对中国国家出生队列建设过程中的各项质量保证和质量控制措施进行梳理,归纳总结建设经验。以期为相关队列研究提供经验,减少相关因素对队列研究的影响,提升队列研究质量。中国国家出生队列在质量保证的顶层设计方面采取一系列措施保障研究质量,包括研究中心筛选、成员管理系统开发、标准化操作流程制定及工作人员规范化培训;在质量控制方面,包括针对队列数据产生过程的实时、及时、定时质控,针对生物样本采集、处理及保存的全周期质控,以及针对参与工作人员的培训、督查和量化考核的全面立体质控。     

出生队列技术规范 第1部分:现场调查

正前言本文件按照GB/T 1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分:标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规定起草。本文件是T/CPMA 015—2020《出生队列技术规范》的第1部分。T/CPMA 015已经发布了以下部分:——第1部分:出生队列现场调查;——第2部分:出生队列长期随访;——第3部分:出生队列成员信息系统。本文件由中华预防医学会归口。本文件起草单位:南京医科大学、北京大学第三医院、山东大学。     

中国社区老年人脑认知相关生活方式对早期认知功能下降的影响

目的 了解中国社区老年人脑认知相关生活方式的分布特征,并探讨其综合评分对早期认知功能下降的影响。方法 研究对象来自老年期重点疾病预防和干预项目。纳入2015年基线调查及2017年随访调查均完成认知功能状况评定,且基线未患痴呆的2 537名≥60岁的社区老年人。通过问卷调查收集其脑认知相关生活方式信息（体育锻炼、社会交往、脑力休闲活动、睡眠质量、吸烟状况与饮酒状况）并计算综合评分。通过多因素logistic回归模型分析脑认知相关生活方式综合评分与早期认知功能下降的关联。结果 2 537名社区老年人群中,评分5~6分者占28.7%,6项脑认知相关生活方式因子均健康者仅占4.8%。男性与女性的健康生活方式因子分布存在差异。多因素logistic回归模型结果显示,与评分0~3分组相比,评分4分和5~6分组早期认知功能下降的风险降低（OR=0.683,95%CI：0.457~1.019;OR=0.623,95%CI：0.398~0.976;趋势P=0.030）。在女性中,与评分0~3分组相比,评分4分和5~6分组的早期认知功能下降的风险降低（OR=0.491,95%CI：0.297~0.812;OR=0.556,95%CI：0.332~0.929;趋势P=0.024）。结论 脑认知相关综合健康生活方式与早期认知功能下降风险降低密切相关,在女性群体中尤为显著。