Cardiac hemangioma presenting as atypical chest pain.

A 44-year-old man presented with atypical chest pain and dyspnea. Investigation revealed the presence of a 15-mm rounded, well-vascularized left-ventricular mass. The mass was removed surgically and histopathologic evaluation identified a cardiac hemangioma.     

National survey on the management of primary hyperparathyroidism by Swiss endocrinologists

Background From the endocrine surgeon’s perspective, it is important to know how endocrinologists manage patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT). The aim of this survey was to evaluate the preoperative diagnostic workup and referral pattern for parathyroidectomy by Swiss endocrinologists. Materials and methods The survey was conducted by mailing a questionnaire to all members of the Swiss Society for Endocrinology and Diabetes in spring 2005. Results The questionnaire was sent back by 68 of 124 endocrinologists (55%). The median annual case volume of patients with pHPT was 6 (range 1–50). The mean fraction of these patients referred for surgery was 59 ± 24%. This fraction was significantly higher in the German-speaking part of Switzerland than in the French-speaking part (67 ± 21% vs 51 ± 27%). When considering surgery for asymptomatic pHPT, 62% of the endocrinologists rely routinely on the recommendations of the NIH consensus conference and 86% on the subsequent guidelines of the workshop in 2002. Sixty-seven percent of the endocrinologists routinely perform localization studies before possible referral for surgical exploration. Typically, they consisted of an ultrasonography of the neck (93%) and a ^99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy (80%). The impact of the availability of a minimally invasive surgical procedure on the number of patients referred for surgery seems to be considerable. Sixty-one percent of the participants would expand the indication for surgery if the operation could be done by a limited surgical approach. Conclusions In a relevant fraction of patients with pHPT, endocrinologists still do not regard curative therapy as mandatory. Surprisingly, there are significant cultural differences concerning referral patterns to surgery between the German-speaking and the French-speaking parts of Switzerland. Minimally invasive procedures seem to lower the threshold for referral for surgical therapy. This work was presented at the 2nd Biennial Congress of the ESES, May 2006, Krakow, Poland.     

胸腔镜下胸交感神经干切断术治疗手汗症(附300例报告)

目的总结胸腔镜胸交感神经干切断术300例的临床经验。方法分析2003年1月至2006年1月经胸腔镜胸交感神经干T_2～T_4切断术治疗手汗症的临床资料。以患侧手掌皮肤温度较术前升高1℃～3℃或更高,转干燥者为有效。手掌皮肤温度较术前增加小于1℃仍为潮湿者为无效。结果300例手术均获成功,术后患者手掌多汗症状消失,双手转为干燥温暖状,术后掌温升高(2.8±0.8)℃;282例术后随访1～36个月无一例复发,术后转移代偿性多汗60例占21.2%。结论胸交感神经干切断术是治疗手汗症安全、微创和有效的方法。     

有限手术配合分期外固定治疗胫腓骨远端骨折

20世纪90年代AO学者Gerber、Palmar等相继提出生物学固定(biological osteosynthesis,BO)的新概念以来,出现了以生物学固定为基础的经皮微创接骨板内固定技术,这一崭新的骨折治疗方法已逐渐应用临床并取得了优良的治疗效果[1-2]。自2005年1月-2006年4月采用微创锁定加压接骨板内固定治疗胫骨骨折18例,取得了良好的临床效果,现报告如下。1临床资料本组18例,男12例,女6例;左7例,右11例;年龄18~54岁,平均32岁。其中交通伤10例,跌伤4例,砸伤4例。合并同侧腓骨骨折15例。按AO长管状骨骨折的综合分类法:42-B1型5例,B2型6例,B3型2例;42-C1型2…     

彩超对人工心脏起搏的血液动力学研究

目的　本文采用彩色多普勒超声心动图研究了心脏起搏前、后的血液动力学变化 ,以评价不同起搏模式血液动力学效应。方法　对 32例植入人工心脏起搏器的患者 ,采用 M型、二维及多普勒超声心动图检测了心室按需起搏 (VVI)不伴室房逆传 (A组 )和伴室房逆传 (B组 )及房室顺序起搏 (AVP) (C组 )的左心结构、左室的泵血功能、左室收缩及舒张功能指标。结果　 1 .心室起搏 (VP)不伴室房逆传和房室顺序起搏(AVP)组起搏后的心输出量 (CO)明显增加 (P<0 .0 5〉,而 VP伴室房逆传组则 CO增加不明显 (P>0 .0 5 )。心搏量 (SV)各组均呈下降趋势 ,VP伴室房逆传者下降更明显。但起搏后三组间比较无显著差异 (P>0 .0 5 ) ;2 .VP后左室的收缩及舒张功能均有受损 ,而 AVP后主要损害左室的舒张功能 ,对左室收缩功能影响不明显 ;3.VP伴室房逆传者 ,起搏后血液动力学效应在三组间最差。结论　无论 VP还是 AVP起搏后由于心率的增加均可使CO增加 ,但对左室的功能均有不同程度的损害 ,VP伴室房逆传者最为明显 ,AVP损害程度三组间最轻。因此 ,AVP也并非真正的生理起搏器。临床上提倡埋植更接进生理状态的起搏器 (多部位心脏起搏 ) ,以保持良好的心功能状态     

Ross术后中远期主动脉瓣反流的危险因素分析

Objective To analyze the risk factors of the postoperative mid- and long-term aortic valvular regurgitation after ROSS procedure(pulmanary valve homograft transplantation). Methods Between March 1998 and July 2007,47 patients[25male, 22 female, mean age (13.31±5.79) years, ronge 1-34 years] with aortic valvular disease underwent the Ross procedure at our insti tution. There were 6 patients suffering fron rheumatic heart disease and 41 patients suffering from congenital heart disease. The aver age aortic blood flow velocity was (4.67±3.47) m/s, the average pressure gradient across aortic valve (88.26±58.06)mm Hg, LVEDD (45.53 ±10.78) mm, EF 0.69±0.08. All the patients were followed up in out-patient departement by ultrasonic cardio gram. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to find out the risk factors of the postive aortic valvular regurgitation. Results There was no poetoperative death in hospital. The mean follow-up periods was (36.15±22.1) months, rasnge from 12 to 110 months and none long-dated death. Compared with the data recorded in hospital, the diamenters of the aortic sinus and aortic annu lus enlarged significantly, respectively from (26.16±5.10) mm to (32.37±6.84) tam and from (19.41 ～3.98) mm to (23.45± 5.86) mm. The average flow velocity d the homograft (new aortic valve) was(1.39±0.48) m/s, graclient pressure (8.17+6.16) mm Hg. Mild aortic regurgitstion was present in 5 patients (10.6%), moderate aortic tegmgitafion in 2 pmieats (4.3%) and aevere aortic regurgitation in 1 petient (2.1%). The rate of free from regurgitation was 82.9%. Multiple logistic analyses identified the per esence of bicuspid aortic valve, enlargement of aortic annulus and age above 14 years as the risk factors for posterative aortic regurg itation. Conclusion The Ross procedure is a safe and effective procedure with good clinical results in mid-and long-term follow-up. However, the presence of bicuspid aortic valve, enlargement of aortic annulus and age above 14 years preoperatively were identified as the risk factors for postoperative aortic regurgitation.     

The use of telescoping guide catheters for coronary sinus cannulation and sub-selecting tributaries in left ventricular lead placement

Introduction Failure to enter the coronary sinus (CS) with a guiding catheter and entering its tributaries remains challenging in left ventricle (LV) pacing lead implants for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). A dual telescoping catheter system (8F outer/6F inner) is designed to provide the ability to adjust the catheter curve size, shape and/or reach to the patients’ anatomy avoiding the need for catheter change. Methods Five different designs for CS cannulation were randomly tested in 64 patients scheduled for CRT device implant. Results In 33 consecutive patients three adaptable telescoping guiding catheter systems were tested per patient, the adaptable catheters had higher overall cannulation success rates (68, 63 and 62%) compared to the fixed shape catheter (46%) and an greater cannulation success rate when the CS location was not known (70, 53 and 72% vs 33% for the fixed shape). In a second group of 31 CRT patients the two telescoping catheters had similar high levels of success (71–80%), with or without using the inner catheter. Conclusions The telescopic system is adaptable to a wide range of anatomical variations in patients and can result in a higher CS cannulation success rate due to its adjustability in the RA in search for the CS ostium. On top of this the inner catheter allows for sub-selecting the CS tributaries.     

Structure function interface with sequential shortening of basal and apical components of the myocardial band

Objective: To mechanically test the intact cardiac structure to determine the sequence of contraction within the myocardial mass to try to explain ejection and suction. Methods: In 24 pigs (30–85 kg), segment shortening at the site of sonomicrometer crystals was continuously recorded. The ECG evaluated rhythm, and Millar pressure transducers measured intraventricular pressure and dP/dt. Results: Study of segment shortening defined a sequence of contraction within the myocardial mass, starting at the free wall of the right ventricle and on the endocardial side of the antero-septal wall of the left. Crystal location defined underlying contractile trajectory; transverse in right ventricle followed by basal posterior left ventricle, and from the endocardial anterior wall to the posterior apical segment and finally to the epicardial side of the anterior wall. Mean shortening fraction averaged 18±3%, with endocardial exceeding epicardial shortening by 5±1%. Epicardial segment crystal displacement followed endocardial shortening by 82±23 ms in the anterior wall, and finished 92±33 ms after endocardial shortening stopped, time frame that matches the interval of fast drop of ventricular pressure and the start of suction. Conclusions: Crystal shortening fraction sequence followed the rope-like myocardial band model to contradict traditional thinking, with two starting points of excitation–contraction, the right anterior free wall of the right ventricle, and the endocardial side of the anterior wall. Active suction may be due to active shortening of the epicardial fibers of the anterior wall, because relaxation was not detected when both mitral and aortic valves were closed during the interval previously termed ‘isovolumetric relaxation’.     

改良Norwood手术临床应用

目的总结改良Norwood手术的临床应用经验。方法2004年7月和2005年3月分别为1例7月龄单心室伴左心室流出道梗阻女婴,采用主肺动脉和主动脉弓下缘直接吻合、主动脉肺动脉人工血管分流完成改良Norwood手术;1例出生13 d左心发育不良综合征新生儿,采用主肺动脉和主动脉弓下缘直接吻合、右心室肺动脉人工血管分流完成改良Norwood手术。结果例1术后平稳,动脉压为85～100/25～40mmHg（1 mm Hg=0．133kPa）,动脉血氧饱和度为0．75～0．85,术后第3d撤离辅助呼吸,第11 d出院。例2术后平稳,动脉压为65～80／40～60mmHg,动脉血氧饱和度为0．67～0．89,术后第12 d撤离辅助呼吸,第28 d出院。结论改良Norwood手术的先进方法和技术,值得在我国推广应用。