Technical Details and Clinical Outcomes of Transpopliteal Venous Stent Placement for Postthrombotic Chronic Total Occlusion of the Iliofemoral Vein

PurposeTo evaluate the technical aspects and early clinical results of stent placement for managing postthrombotic chronic total occlusion (CTO) of the iliofemoral vein through ipsilateral popliteal access.Materials and MethodsA retrospective analysis of 110 patients (44 men; mean age, 51 y; 118 limbs; 102 left limbs) with postthrombotic CTO of the iliofemoral vein treated with stent placement in a single institution from January 2007–December 2011 was conducted. All occlusions were initially accessed via ipsilateral popliteal veins under the guidance of venography or ultrasonography. Technical aspects, quality of life, stent patency, and Villalta scores were recorded at follow-up evaluation. Risk factors of in-stent restenosis and early in-stent thrombosis were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards regression model.ResultsPercutaneous recanalization was successful in 112 of 118 limbs (95%). The mean duration of the procedure was 43 minutes (range, 10–120 min). The quality of life and Villalta scores were significantly improved (P < .01). The 3-year primary, assisted primary, and secondary cumulative stent patency rates were 70%, 90%, and 94%. During a median follow-up period of 25 months (range, 1–52 mo), the relief rates of severe leg pain (visual analog scale > 5) and severe leg swelling (grade 3) were 72% (49 of 68) and 70% (64 of 91), respectively, and the healing of ulcers was successful in 78% (36 of 46) of the cases. After stent placement, the limbs with visible remaining collateral circulation had a higher rate of early in-stent thrombosis (22.5% vs 6.1%; P = .007). The patients with long stents extending below the inguinal ligament had a higher rate of in-stent restenosis (hazard ratio = 1.77–6.5; P = .0146).ConclusionsTranspopliteal venous stent placement is an effective, safe, and feasible method of managing postthrombotic CTO of the iliofemoral vein. The stent extending below the inguinal ligament is the major risk factor of in-stent restenosis. The visible remaining collateral circulation after stent placement may indicate persistent hemodynamically significant stenosis.     

Dispositivos de modificación de placa en oclusiones coronarias crónicas totales: estudio PLACCTON

Introduction and objectivesSevere calcification is present in > 50% of coronary chronic total occlusions (CTOs) undergoing percutaneous intervention. We aimed to describe the contemporary use and outcomes of plaque modification devices (PMDs) in this context.MethodsPatients were included in the prospective, consecutive Iberian CTO registry (32 centers in Spain and Portugal), from 2015 to 2020. Comparison was performed according to the use of PMDs.ResultsAmong 2235 patients, wire crossing was achieved in 1900 patients and PMDs were used in 134 patients (7%), requiring more than 1 PMD in 24 patients (1%). The selected PMDs were rotational atherectomy (35.1%), lithotripsy (5.2%), laser (11.2%), cutting/scoring balloons (27.6%), OPN balloons (2.9%), or a combination of PMDs (18%). PMDs were used in older patients, with greater cardiovascular burden, and higher Syntax and J-CTO scores. This greater complexity was associated with longer procedural time but similar total stent length (52 vs 57 mm; P = .105). If the wire crossed, the procedural success rate was 87.2% but increased to 96.3% when PMDs were used (P = .001). Conversely, PMDs were not associated with a higher rate of procedural complications (3.7 vs 3.2%; P = .615). Despite the worse baseline profile, at 2 years of follow-up there were no differences in the survival rate (PMDs: 94.3% vs no-PMDs: 94.3%, respectively; P = .967).ConclusionsFollowing successful wire crossing in CTOs, PMDs were used in 7% of the lesions with an increased success rate. Mid-term outcomes were comparable despite their worse baseline profile, suggesting that broader use of PMDs in this setting might have potential technical and prognostic benefits.     

冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞治疗策略

冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞性病变（chronic total occlusion,CTO）约占所有冠心病患者的15%~25%,是冠心病介入治疗领域最后的“壁垒”,而且对患者的生活质量和长期预后有不利影响。随着新型介入治疗器械、CTO介入治疗新技术和术者操作水平不断进步,接受经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（percutaneous coronary intervention, PCI）手术的成功率甚至可达90%。但目前对于CTO是否需要开通存在较大争议,以及临床获益尚不明确。本文就最新的研究对CTO的治疗策略作一介绍。     

Challenges in coronary CTO intervention after TAVR: A case report and discussion

Progression of coronary arteries after transcatheter aortic valve replacement is an important issue. Coronary revascularization in these patients can be challenging because of potential hindrance posed by the artificial valve structure in getting access to the coronary ostium. This gets even more difficult in chronic total occlusions (CTOs) that represent the most complex subset of coronary lesions. We report the first case of coronary CTO revascularization in a patient who underwent TAVR a few months prior and discuss the complexities involved in intervening such lesions.     

Drug-Eluting Stent Versus Drug-Coated Balloon Revascularization in Patients With Femoropopliteal Arterial Disease

Background

Randomized trials of drug-eluting stents (DES) and drug-coated balloons (DCB) for femoropopliteal interventions reported superior patency rates for both strategies compared to standard balloon angioplasty. To date, head-to-head comparisons are missing.

Patient Radiation Dosage During Lower Extremity Endovascular Intervention

Objectives

The aims of this study were to determine the incidence of actionably high radiation dosages and to identify predictors of increased patient dosage.