宫颈环形电切术诊治宫颈上皮内瘤变价值的研究

目的探讨使用高频电波刀作宫颈环形电切术（LEEP）治疗宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）的临床价值。方法经宫颈液基薄片细胞学检查（TCT）和阴道镜下活检,病理诊断为CIN232例,行LEEP治疗。术后3个月、6个月～2年常规行TCT追踪随访,异常者再行阴道镜检查及活检。结果术后3个月复查232例,TCT正常者220例（94.83%）,异常者12例（5.17%）,阴道镜检查宫颈表面出现红斑,活检均为炎性反应或正常宫颈组织;术后6个月复查228例,TCT正常者222例（97.37%）,异常者4例（2.63%）,阴道镜检查及活检均为炎性反应;术后2年复查172例,TCT阴性170例（98.84%）,异常者2例（1.16%）,阴道镜检查及活检1例为炎性反应,1例为CINⅠ。结论宫颈环形电切术治疗宫颈上皮内瘤样病变操作简单、安全、成功率高,但要注意病变切除的范围及随访,宫颈环行电切除是治疗CIN有效手段。     

宫颈癌及宫颈上皮不典型增生组织中ER、PR的表达及其意义

目的探讨ER、PR表达水平与宫颈癌各项临床病理指标、组织分化的关系及其意义。方法用免疫组化方法对60例宫颈癌、41例宫颈上皮不典型增生（CIN）及40例慢性宫颈炎组织的石蜡标本进行ER、PR检测。结果ER、PR在慢性宫颈炎组、CIN组及宫颈癌组中的表达逐渐减低,其差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;随着临床分期及肿瘤细胞病理分级的提高,ER、PR水平呈下降趋势,但差异无显著性意义（P〉0．05）,ER、PR与临床分期、肿瘤细胞病理分级关系不明;宫颈癌组绝经前的ER、PR阳性率虽然均高于绝经后,但差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论雌、孕激素及其受体可能在宫颈癌的发生、发展中起一定的作用,对宫颈癌或CIN患者进行ER、PR检测有助于指导治疗及预后。     

液基细胞学检查、阴道镜及病理诊断在子宫颈病变诊断中的作用

目的对液基细胞学检查（TCT）筛查、阴道镜下活检及病理检查模式在子宫颈病变诊断中的临床应用价值进行评价。方法对2520例妇女进行TCT筛查,阳性诊断的患者进行阴道镜下活检,后病理检查。结果200例未明确意义的不典型鳞状上皮细胞（ASC—US）及以上病变者,活检中发现鳞状细胞癌（SCC）4例、腺癌（GCC）2例、宫颈上皮内病变Ⅲ（CINⅢ）15例、宫颈上皮内病变Ⅱ（CINⅡ）20例、宫颈上皮内病变Ⅰ（CINⅠ）77例。结论TCT筛查、阴道镜下活检、病理检查模式是子宫颈病变诊断的可靠方法。     

Management options for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

Management of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) needs to protect women at risk from developing cervical cancer and to avoid over-treatment as well as obstetrical complications in women undergoing invasive treatment. Strong evidence shows that CIN3 is a true precursor and must be treated, whereas CIN1 lesions do not benefit from immediate surgery and should be followed conservatively. Although the clinical course of CIN2 differs from CIN3, it should be treated the same way for legal reasons. Colposcopy plays a central role in selection of patients and treatments. Treatment of CIN2 and 3 should be excisional. Large loop excision of the transformation zone, high-frequency-needle or laser conisation are equally good, whereas cold-knife conisation is associated with an excess risk for subsequent obstetrical complications. Human papillomavirus testing and cytology at 6 months seems to be the best post-treatment monitoring, although this needs to be confirmed by randomised-controlled trials. Future research needs to focus more on how the quality of colposcopy and the overall management concept determines the clinical outcome instead of exploring the role of single technical methods. Furthermore, it seems to be necessary to evaluate the best management of CIN2 in young and in vaccinated women.     

探讨三维能量多普勒超声在宫颈癌与重度宫颈上皮内瘤变的应用价值

目的评价应用三维能量多普勒超声在重度宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN3）及宫颈癌的诊断价值。方法对宫颈CIN3患者37例、宫颈癌患者37例（Ⅰ期患者21例,Ⅱ期患者16例）及对照组患者34例（宫颈细胞学正常）进行阴道三维能量多普勒超声检查并测量相关数据（宫颈体积、血管化指数VI、血流指数FI、血管化血流指数VFI及阻力指数RI）,同时对宫颈血管进行分型。结果Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期宫颈癌组宫颈体积、VI、FI、VFI均明显大于CIN3组及对照组,RI明显小于CIN3组及对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;Ⅱ期宫颈癌组宫颈体积、VI、VFI大于Ⅰ期宫颈癌组,有统计学差异（P〈0.05）;CIN3组与对照组比较宫颈体积、VI、FI、VFI及RI均无明显差异（P〉0.05）。血管分型显示,宫颈癌以Ⅲ、Ⅳ型血管为主,CIN3以Ⅱ型血管为主,对照组以Ⅰ型血管为主。结论三维能量多普勒超声能客观地反映宫颈的血供状态,为CIN3及宫颈癌分期提供重要参考信息,有较高的应用价值。     

CD4(+)CD25hi regulatory T-cell frequency correlates with persistence of human papillomavirus type 16 and T helper cell responses in patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

CD4(+)CD25(hi)CTLA4(+)FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells (Treg) have been shown to maintain immune tolerance against self antigens and increased circulating frequencies have been reported in various types of cancers. Circulating invariant natural killer T-cells (iNKT) are reduced in cancer patients and low iNKT frequency is related to poor prognosis. It is not yet clear whether high Treg numbers and low iNKT cell numbers pose an increased risk for the progression of premalignant lesions or whether Treg and iNKT cell numbers are influenced by dysplasia. We therefore studied prospectively the relation between iNKT cell and Treg frequencies and the natural course of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) induced pre-malignant cervical dysplasia in 82 patients who participated in a nonintervention cohort study of women with abnormal cytology. Treg frequencies were significantly increased in women who had persistent HPV16 infection. Within the HPV16 persistence group there was no difference in Treg frequencies among patients who developed a CIN3 lesion and patients who did not progress to CIN3. Furthermore, Treg frequencies were increased in patients who had detectable HPV16 E7 specific IL-2 producing T-helper cells, which suggests a causal role of HPV infection in Treg development in parallel with HPV16 specific T helper cells. No evidence was found for a role for iNKT cells in persistence of HPV16 and progression of HPV16 induced CIN lesions. However, HPV-persistence-associated Tregs may explain the inefficacy of concomitant persistence associated immunity and may contribute to subsequent progression to neoplasia.     

A randomized study of local or general anesthesia for laser conization of the cervix

Laser Conization of the cervix was performed in both inpatient and outpatient settings with either local or general anesthesia. All of the patients included had abnormal cervical smears, abnormal colposcopic findings and were allocated to one of two groups, A and B. Patients in group A had general anesthesia while patients in group B had only local anesthesia. A standard operative technique, was used and all patients had estimation of blood loss, recording of operative time, surgical suite time, anesthesia induction time, and assessment of postoperative pain and morbidity. Statistical analysis was performed using the student t-test. We concluded that laser conization of the cervix can be performed more cheaply with local anesthesia than with general anesthesia and with little discomfort, less nausea, and vomitting. Accepted: 12 September 1997     

The possible association between the presence of an MPO −463 G > A (rs2333227) polymorphism and cervical cancer risk

Purpose

The association between myeloperoxidase (MPO) polymorphism and the risk of cervical cancer is inconclusive. We performed a meta-analysis to clarify if a correlation exists between MPO polymorphism and the risk for developing cervical cancer.

高频电波刀用于宫颈锥切术196例的护理体会

近年来,宫颈上皮内瘤样病变(CIN)患者明显增多,加上宫颈糜烂患者的年轻化,其保留生育功能的意识增强,传统治疗方法已不能适应患者的需求。本院于2003年12月～2006年10月用高频电波刀(Leep)治疗CIN患者196例,收到良好的疗效。现将护理配合介绍如下。     

探讨宫颈环形电切术（LEEP）在治疗Ⅱ、Ⅲ级宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）的临床价值

目的探讨宫颈环形电切术（LEEP）在治疗Ⅱ、Ⅲ级宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）的临床价值。方法选择该院接诊的经相关检查确诊为Ⅱ、Ⅲ级CIN的90例患者进行研究。按照随机数表法,随机均分为两组。分别采用LEEP和宫颈冷刀锥切术（CKC）对患者进行治疗。术后,记录分析两组患者的术中出血量、手术时间及术后愈合时间,并随访调查两组患者术后并发症的发生率。结果术后,发现LEEP组的术中出血量明显少于CKC组（P〈0.01）,手术时间明显短于CKC组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,术后愈合时间明显低于CKC组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。随访调查发现LEEP组患者的并发症发生率明显低于CKC组,两组比较,差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.9390,P=0.0263）。结论 LEEP对Ⅱ、Ⅲ级CIN患者进行治疗,可显著改善患者手术情况,降低术后并发症的发生率,安全性高。