Orthodontic management of a complete and an incomplete maxillary canine-first premolar transposition

Maxillary canine and first premolar transposition is a complicated dental anomaly to treat, especially if the clinician''s goal is to orthodontically move the canine into its normal position. Early diagnosis with cone-beam computed tomography simplifies the treatment of this pathology. This case report describes a patient with bilateral transposition, one complete and the other incomplete, involving the maxillary canine and the first premolar (Mx.C.1P). The orthodontic treatment involved the correction of both transpositions. In the complete transposition, the traction was mesial and upward to move the canine into a more apical position with a wider dentoalveolar process for easier crown interchange.     

双侧唇腭裂新生儿数字化模型与硬石膏模型的比较

目的： 比较双侧唇腭裂新生儿口内扫描数字化模型和硅橡胶制取灌注的超硬石膏模型的可靠性和稳定性。方法： 收集19例双侧唇腭裂新生儿病例,分别制取口内扫描数字化模型和硅橡胶取模超硬石膏灌注模型,对上颌牙槽骨长度、上颌牙槽骨宽度、腭裂宽度及上颌中线偏斜量等指标进行测量。采用SPSS 24.0软件包对测量结果进行统计学分析。结果： 2种方法上颌牙槽骨长度、上颌牙槽骨宽度、腭裂宽度及上颌中线偏斜量3次测量间均无统计学差异（P>0.05）,2种方法的测量值无统计学差异（P>0.05）。结论： 双侧唇腭裂新生儿口内扫描获取的数字化模型与硅橡胶取模超硬石膏灌注获取的石膏模型各测量项目之间无显著差异。口内数字化扫描操作过程简便,可以提高诊疗效率,新生儿承受痛苦少,风险小,可广泛用于唇腭裂患儿的研究、诊断分析及临床治疗。     

腹腔镜与开腹全子宫加双侧输卵管切除术的疗效和对患者术后性生活质量影响的比较

目的 探讨腹腔镜与开腹全子宫加双侧输卵管切除术对子宫疾患患者的疗效和术后性生活质量的影响。方法 选择2018年1月至2019年9月在铜陵市人民医院接受全子宫加双侧输卵管切除手术治疗的115例子宫疾患患者,根据手术方式不同将患者分为腹腔镜组（n=43）和开腹组（n=72）,腹腔镜组采用腹腔镜下全子宫加双侧输卵管切除术治疗,开腹组采用传统的经腹式全子宫加双侧输卵管切除术治疗。比较两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间、术后通气时间、住院总费用以及阴道残端并发症与术后性生活质量等情况。结果 腹腔镜组患者术后通气时间及术后住院时间短于开腹组,术中出血量明显少于开腹组,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;腹腔镜组患者手术时间长于开腹组,住院总费用高于开腹组,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;腹腔镜组术后阴道残端肉芽增生发生率为7.9%,低于开腹组的29.7%,且术后性交痛和性交不适较开腹组也明显减少,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 腹腔镜全子宫加双侧输卵管切除术较传统开腹全子宫加双侧输卵管切除临床效果更好,患者术后性生活质量更满意,值得临床推广。     

快速开颅技术在外伤性颅内血肿合并脑疝抢救治疗中的效果

目的分析快速开颅技术在外伤性颅内血肿合并脑疝抢救治疗中的临床价值。方法随机选取2012-10—2013-10我院诊治的外伤性颅内血肿合并脑疝患者72例,按照完全抽样法1︰1分成2组,对照组患者行常规血肿清除术,研究组患者行快速开颅血肿清除术,比较2组治疗后近期疗效、血生化指标与生存质量情况。结果研究组患者骨窗完成时间(12.87±5.24)min,较对照组的(27.94±3.78)min短,随访良好率52.78%,对照组30.56%,研究组病死率11.11%,对照组33.33%,2组比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.01);研究组患者手术后的颅内压、手术第14天与第28天S-100B水平与NDS评分均显著低于对照组(P0.01),研究组手术第7、14与28天NSE水平均较对照组低(P0.05)。结论外伤性颅内出血合并脑疝患者开颅清除术前行快速减压法,可缩短完成骨窗时间,减轻神经功能缺损严重程度,改善术后生存质量。     

标准大骨瓣开颅手术对重型创伤性颅脑损伤所致颅内血肿的临床疗效研究

目的：探讨标准大骨瓣开颅手术对重型创伤性颅脑损伤所致颅内血肿（sTBI）患者的神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）和炎症因子的影响。方法将64例 sTBI 患者按照奇偶数字法随机分为常规手术组（常规组）与标准大骨瓣开颅手术组（标准组）,各32例。比较两组术后格拉斯哥预后评分（GOS）、手术前后血清各炎性因子（IL-8、IL-6、TNF-α、ICAM-1、IL-10）及神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）水平变化情况、术后并发症发生率。结果标准组 GOS 评分情况显著优于常规组（P ＜0．05）;常规组治疗后 IL-6、TNF-α、ICAM-1及 NSE 水平较治疗前均显著降低（P ＜0．05）,标准组治疗后 IL-8、IL-6、TNF-α、ICAM-1及 NSE 水平较治疗前均显著降低（P ＜0．05,P ＜0．01）,IL-10水平较治疗前显著升高（P ＜0．05）;常规组术后出现3例脑脊液漏、4例切口疝,标准组术后出现2例脑脊液漏、3例切口疝,二者术后并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义（P ＞0．05）。结论各炎症因子与 NSE 在急性创伤性颅脑损伤过程中均扮演着重要的角色,标准大骨瓣开颅手术可对上述指标进行有效控制,以减小患者病情严重程度。     

Immediate and durable clinical improvement in the non-operated hand after contralateral surgery for patients with bilateral Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Background

Little is known about clinical improvement in the non-operated hand after unilateral surgery for patients who present with bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). In this prospective study of patients with bilateral CTS, we evaluated the clinical effects on the non-operated hand following unilateral contralateral carpal tunnel surgical release.

Material and Methods

During a consecutive period of 22 months, 69 patients with bilateral CTS underwent unilateral open carpal tunnel release. Bilateral subjective and objective evaluations were performed pre-operatively, at days 2, 15 and 180 after surgery. Subjective evaluations, analysed with Student t test, included the Boston-Levine symptom severity score and a visual analogue scale including pain, nocturnal symptoms and numbness. A telephone survey was conducted 12 months after surgery.

Results

The Boston-Levine severity score of the contralateral non-operated hand decreased from 2.70 pre-operatively to 1.70 at 2 days (p < 0.001). The visual analogue pain score decreased at 2 days for 61 patients (88 %), whereas the nocturnal symptoms decreased or disappeared in 63 cases (91 %) and the paresthesia in 52 cases (75 %) (ps < 0.001). These beneficial effects were stable in time with no statistically significant change at 180 days. Overall, 58 patients (84 %) observed a total resolution or a significant improvement in their symptoms at 6 months. At 12 months, 100 % of patients responded to a telephone survey. Fifty one of them (74 %) reported minimal or no symptoms on the non-operated hand. Linear regression (analysis of variance [ANOVA]) showed that gender, age, professional status, duration of pre-operative symptoms and severity of electrophysiological disturbances were not predictive of post-operative evolution in the non-operated hand after unilateral surgery for CTS.     

Anatomical Variations in the Pseudosylvian Fissure Morphology of Brachy‐, Dolicho‐, and Mesaticephalic Dogs

The purpose of the study is the following: (1) to anatomically characterize the right and the left pseudosylvian fissure (Psf) morphology; (2) to determine Psf variations between both hemispheres and between the three considered groups; and (3) to understand how these variations may influence brain surgery for dogs. Also we sought to determine whether there are any potential differences between brachy‐ (B), dolicho‐ (D), and mesaticephalic (M) dogs. The present study considered 138 brain hemispheres (N = 138) from 69 adult dog cadavers and used bregma craniometric point (b‐ the junction of coronal and sagittal cranial vault sutures) to characterize the Psf location on the superolateral brain surface. For statistical analysis, P values <0.05 were considered significant. The Psf was easily identified in all specimens at both hemispheres. Statistically significant differences for Psf width were registered between the groups, presenting M as the narrowest Psf regions. Fissure body length can be sorted in ascending order as D < M < B in both hemispheres, with the left Psf bigger than the right for all considered skulls. The greatest difference was registered in the B group with the left Psf 25.0% bigger than the right. Bregma has proved to be useful to appoint Psf location as more superior or inferior in the encephalic lateral surface, exhibiting in all groups the left Psf a superior position. For the groups the most inferior location was registered in M and the most superior in D. Understanding the Psf morphology and anatomical variations may provide important information to ensure safer intracranial procedures. Anat Rec, 298:1255–1260, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

额颞枕顶超大骨瓣减压术对幕上恶性脑梗塞的临床疗效研究

目的：评估额颞枕顶超大骨瓣减压术对幕上恶性脑梗塞（ supra－tentorial malignant in－farcts,STMBI）的临床疗效。方法：采用前瞻性研究的方法,将临床和放射学诊断为STMBI的患者分为手术组和对照组,比较两组的术后死亡率;随访1年后比较两组患者的格拉斯哥预后评分（ GOS）、Bar－thal指数。结果：本次研究共纳入共26例研究对象,其中手术组13例,对照组13例。术前两组年龄、GCS比较差异无统计学意义。随访1年结果显示,手术组和对照组1年生存率分别为为84．6％和69．2％（p＞0．05）。格拉斯哥预后评分（GOS）、Barthal 指数在手术组更好（p＜0．05）。结论：STMBI 患者早期行额颞枕顶超大骨瓣减压术与保守治疗相比,不仅降低了死亡率,还改善了预后。     

Nonsurgical orthodontic treatment of a hypodivergent adult patient with bilateral posterior scissors bite and excessive overjet

This report illustrates successful nonsurgical orthodontic treatment of a hypodivergent adult patient with bilateral posterior scissors bite (Brodie bite) and excessive overjet. A 26-year-old woman primarily reported maxillary incisor protrusion. She was diagnosed with Class ll division 1 malocclusion with skeletal Class I, short face, low mandibular plane angle and bilateral posterior scissors bite. A lingual arch with anterior bite block and posterior miniscrews with preadjusted edgewise appliances were used to improve the bilateral scissors bite. After achieving molar occlusion, the maxillary first premolars were extracted, and six miniscrews were used to improve the anterior-posterior and vertical discrepancies. After active treatment for 56 months, the convex facial profile with excessively protruded lips was improved and good interdigitation with ideal incisor relationship was achieved. Additionally, the irregular movements of the incisal path and the bilateral condyles during lateral excursion were improved. At 13 months of retention, a satisfactory facial profile, occlusion, and jaw movements were maintained. The treatment results suggest that miniscrews and fixed bite blocks were effective and efficient to facilitate correction of the bilateral scissors bite, excessive overjet, and vertical relationship correction in this nonsurgical orthodontic treatment.