小骨窗开颅微创血肿清除术治疗高血压脑出血的临床体会

目的：探讨小骨窗开颅微创血肿清除术和传统骨瓣开颅血肿清除术治疗高血压脑出血的效果。方法：回顾性分析本院2010年1月-2014年10月采用两种手术方法治疗的高血压脑出血患者的临床资料。结果：传统手术患者再出血几率较低,小骨窗微创手术能减少患者术后的并发症,缩短患者的住院时间,并能有效降低患者的致残率,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：在人员技术、设施设备能满足条件的前提下,采用小骨窗开颅微创血肿清除术治疗高血压脑出血效果更好。     

不同术式对高血压基底节脑出血的临床效果观察

目的 探讨应用小骨窗显微镜下手术及CT引导穿刺微创碎吸术治疗高血压基底节区出血并对其临床效果进行比较分析.方法 回顾分析我院2009年6月至2010年12月期间62例高血压脑出血患者资料,其中32例采用小骨窗开颅术治疗(小骨窗组),30例采用CT引导穿刺微创碎吸术治疗(微创碎吸组),所有患者术后记录意识障碍的恢复时间,并完成1个月的随访对患者进行神经功能缺损程度评分对比观察两组患者的治疗效果.结果 小骨窗组患者意识障碍恢复时间为(2.75±1.18)天,神经功能缺损评分由(41.69±1.26)分改善为(18.53±2.16)分,微创碎吸组患者意识障碍恢复时间为(7.51±1.22)天,神经功能缺损评分由(41.32±1.32)分改善为(26.84±2.30)分,在意识障碍恢复时间及神经功能缺损程度评分方面,小骨窗组效果优于微创碎吸组,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);同样对于血肿清除量,小骨窗组也优于微创碎吸组,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 高血压基底节区出血,应用小骨窗显微镜下手术可以充分清除血肿并彻底止血,临床效果明显优于CT引导穿刺微创碎吸术.     

达芬奇机器人辅助下经双侧腋窝和乳晕入路甲状腺手术体位的护理体会(附83例报告)

目的：探讨达芬奇机器人经双侧腋窝和乳晕途径(bilateral axillo-breast approach, BABA)入路实施甲状腺手术时体位的摆放护理,以保障手术顺利进行。方法：2015 年5 月至2016 年12月我院运用达芬奇机器人手术系统完成机器人BABA 入路甲状腺手术共83例。本研究总结分析了病人手术体位的安置、术后并发症发生及相关护理因素。83例患者均采取头高脚低仰卧位(与地面约呈15-30°),肩部略垫高,患者乳房下方安置一条弹力绑带,固定于手术床旁,将患者双侧乳房向上推高,最大限度地减小术者的手术盲区,扩大手术视野。结果：83例均顺利完成达芬奇机器人BABA 入路甲状腺手术,无一例出现因体位不当、护理失误而引起的并发症。患者满意度为100%。结论：达芬奇机器人BABA入路甲状腺手术术中合理放置体位可保障手术安全顺利进行,并可有效预防术后并发症的发生。     

小骨窗入路显微外科治疗高血压基底核区脑出血51例临床疗效观察

目的研究小骨窗入路显微外科治疗高血压基底核区脑出血的临床效果,为临床高血压基底脑出血的治疗提供依据。方法对入院治疗的102例患者进行研究,随机分为二组,对照组采用常规骨瓣开颅手术,观察组采用小骨窗入路显微外科治疗,比较二组患者GCS评分、溃疡及癫的发生率,二组患者手术时间、血肿清除率以及术后再出血率,比较二组患者脑梗死、脑积液等并发症的发生率,并对二组患者日常生活能力进行评分比较。结果观察组患者术后24h GCS评分明显高于对照组,癫及溃疡的发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者手术时间明显低于对照组,血肿清除率以及术后再出血率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者脑梗死、脑积液、肺部感染等并发症的发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者生活能力良好率为80.4%,明显高于对照组54.9%,二组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论小骨窗入路显微外科治疗高血压基底核区脑出血临床效果显著,手术操作时间更短,患者并发症更少,患者恢复生活能力的良好率更高,值得临床推广应用。     

颞肌切除辅助标准大骨瓣开颅治疗特重型颅脑损伤的可行性及安全性

目的:探讨颞肌切除辅助标准大骨瓣开颅治疗特重型颅脑损伤的可行性及安全性。方法:将31位特重型颅脑损伤的患者随机分为研究组及对照组,研究组16例患者行颞肌切除辅助标准大骨瓣开颅血肿清除减压术,对照组15例患者只行标准大骨瓣开颅血肿清除减压术,对两组患者进行为期3个月的随访,观察比较疗效及并发症的发生率。结果:研究组疗效明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组和对照组出现的不良反应发生率分别为43.8%和46.7%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:颞肌切除辅助标准大骨瓣开颅术疗效优于标准大骨瓣开颅术疗效。     

Bilateral Orbital IgG4-Related Disease with Systemic and Corneal Involvement Showing an Excellent Response to Steroid and Rituximab Therapy: Report of a Case with 11 Years Follow-Up

IgG4-related disease is a newly recognized fibro-inflammatory condition. The purpose of this report is to present a patient with 11 years of follow-up, who revealed characteristic features of IgG4-related disease with systemic, orbital and corneal involvement and showed a favorable response to steroids and rituximab treatment.     

颅内动脉瘤开颅夹闭术患者行围术期护理干预对术后康复的影响研究

目的：研究和探讨颅内动脉瘤开颅夹闭术患者行围手术期护理干预对术后康复的影响。方法选取我院2012年7月至2014年7月收治的150例颅内动脉瘤实施开颅夹闭术患者为研究对象,按照护理方法不同分为观察组（75例,围手术期护理干预）和对照组（75例,围手术期常规护理）,对比两组患者的术后康复效果。结果观察组患者恢复良好比例、护理满意率均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P ﹤0.05）;观察组患者并发症总发生率显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P ﹤0.05）。结论颅内动脉瘤开颅夹闭术患者在围手术期施行护理干预,可改善预后,减少并发症发生率,有利于患者更好的康复,值得临床推广应用。     

Effects of artificially induced bilateral internal rotation gait on gait kinematics and kinetics

BackgroundBilateral internal rotation gait is a common gait abnormality in children with bilateral cerebral palsy, but still not fully understood.Research questionThe aim of this clinical study was to analyze the effects of artificially induced bilateral internal rotation gait on kinematics and kinetics. Our hypothesis was, that the internal rotation gait defined as increased dynamic internal hip rotation itself causes significant alterations in gait kinematics and kinetics.Methods30 typically developing children with a mean age of 12 (SD 3) years (range 8 – 16) performed three-dimensional gait analysis in two different conditions: with unaffected gait and with artificially induced bilateral internal rotation gait with two rotation bandages worn in order to internally rotate the hips. Kinematic and kinetic changes between these two conditions were calculated and compared using a mixed linear model with “gait condition” as fixed effect and both “limb” and “patient” as random effects.ResultsThe rotation bandages induced a significant increase in internal hip rotation and foot progression angle towards internal without affecting pelvic rotation. The peak hip internal rotator moment during loading response and the peak hip external rotator moment during the first half of stance phase increased significantly and the peak hip internal rotator moment during the second half of stance phase decreased significantly. Anterior pelvic tilt, hip flexion, knee flexion and ankle dorsiflexion increased significantly. The first peak of the frontal hip moment decreased, and the second increased significantly. The second peak of the frontal knee moment decreased significantly, while the first didn’t change significantly.SignificanceThe data suggest, that the bilaterally increased dynamic internal hip rotation itself has a relevant impact on frontal hip moments. The increased anterior pelvic tilt, hip and knee flexion may be either induced by the pull of the rotation bandage or a secondary gait deviation.     

Bilateral atrial myxomas. Surgical correction after echocardiographic diagnosis

A case is reported of bilateral atrial myxomas diagnosed noninvasivelyby echocardiography and successfully removed. The excised tumormass consisted of a mobile right atrial myxoma prolapsing intothe right ventricle and a less mobile, not prolapsing myxomain the left atrium. The operation was performed entirely onthe basis of echocardiographic findings, which correlated wellwith the operative results. Further investigation by computertomography verified the diagnosis, but added no extra informationof importance for therapy. Diagnostic aspects of the combinedapplication of M-mode and cross-sectional echocardiography withDoppler echocardiography are emphasized. Postoperative follow-upechocardiography showed the complete removal of the myxomasand improvement of cardiac function.