Intramural hydatid cysts of pulmonary arteries: CT and MR findings

Involvement of the pulmonary artery by echinococcosis usually occurs due to pulmonary embolization after rupture of the cyst in the right ventricle or, rarely, by dissemenation from a hepatic focus. This paper presents an adult patient with intramural hydatid cysts of the pulmonary arteries, which apparently grew slowly toward the lumina resulting in complete luminal occlusion, enabling sufficient time for development of sufficient perfusion from the bronchial arteries. The condition apparently resulted from embryos of the parasite, which entered the vasa vasorum of the pulmonary arteries, a previously unreported mechanism.     

Aortopulmonary collateral artery embolization during postoperative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation after arterial switch procedure

Aortopulmonary collateral arteries sometimes complicate cyanotic congenital heart defects. Combined with a relevant left-right shunt, this could result in massive airway bleeding during and after corrective surgery. A preoperatively diagnosed 1.2 mm small aortopulmonary collateral artery in a newborn suffering from transposition of the great arteries caused life-threatening airway bleeding during surgery. Postoperative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was necessary, and coil embolization was performed on ECMO to terminate pulmonary bleeding.     

Long-term lowering of blood pressure after carotid and vertebrobasilar ischemic stroke

We followed up 107 patients experiencing a first-ever ischemic stroke after having been affected by essential hypertension for at least one year, in order to analyze the phenomenon of post-stroke blood pressure lowering. Of the 82 patients still surviving after three months of follow-up, 44 (54%) had normal arterial blood pressure values. There were no significant differences between these normotensive patients and the 38 with high blood pressure in terms of cerebrovascular risk factors or disability, but blood pressure normalized in 34 of the 54 patients experiencing a carotid stroke (63%) and in only 10 of the 28 experiencing vertebrobasilar stroke (36%) (p=0.035). These data may offer a starting point for further studies of the neurogenesis of arterial hypertension.

---

Sommario Al fine di analizzare il fenomeno della normalizzazione della pressione arteriosa dopo ictus cerebrale in pazienti prima ipertesi, abbiamo osservato 107 soggetti con primo ictus ischemico, che erano già precedentemente affetti da ipertensione arteriosa da almeno un anno. Degli 82 (77%) sopravvissuti a tre mesi di follow-up, 44 (54%) hanno mostrato una normalizzazione della pressione arteriosa. L'incidenza di fattori di rischio per malattia cerebrovascolare e disabilità grave non è risultata significativamente diversa nel gruppo degli ipertesi rispetto ai normotesi. Tuttavia la normalizzazione della pressione arteriosa è stata osservata in 34 dei 54 pazienti con ictus carotideo (63%) e solo in 10 dei 28 con ictus vertebrobasilare (36%) (p=0.035). Riteniamo che tali dati offrano uno spunto per ulteriori ricerche sulla genesi neurogena dell'ipertensione arteriosa essenziale.

     

Biventricular Bypass: Alternative to Univentricular Bypass and Total Artificial Heart–Bridge

Left ventricular and biventricular bypasses (LVBs, BVBs) were performed in 102 experiments in sheep, goats, and donkeys. Biventricular bypass was performed in the assisted circulation mode or in the paracorporeal artificial heart bridge (PCAHB) mode when the natural heart fibrillates. During implantation of artificial ventricles instead of a heart-lung bypass, counterpulsation was used. Several types of connective conduits were developed and tested in experiments. The conduits included bifurcational connective pipes that permit "intake" of blood into artificial ventricles from atria and ventricles of the natural heart simultaneously and consequently provide effective blood flow through shunts not depending on the state of the natural heart (acute cardiac weakness or asystole). Monitoring gas content (PO2, PCO2, and pH) in the myocardium of both ventricles suggested development of right ventricular failure under conditions of LVB before hemodynamic changes occurred and confirmed the preferability of BVB over other methods of assisted circulation, as it is most effective and capable of normalizing short-term cardiac disturbances in the course of the 1st 2 days. Survival time of experimental animals (2-3 days for dogs, 5-12 days for sheep, goats, and donkeys) is sufficient to overcome acute cardiac insufficiency. This suggests that BVB in the assisted circulation mode or PCAHB mode can serve as a bridge for cardiac transplantation for the time of search for the available organ.     

Effects of Nd-YAG laser on platelet function in vitro: A comparative study using the spectraprobe, ‘hot tip’ and bare fibres

The effects of Nd-YAG laser irradiation on platelet function in vitro were studied using platelet rich plasma obtained from the blood of healthy volunteers. Laser delivery was effected via the bare optical fibre, thermal hot tip fibre and spectraprobe and the effects of these probes on platelet function were compared. Fall in platelet count and mean platelet volume (MPV) were proportional to increasing energy delivery with all three probes, the effect being maximal with the spectraprobe, moderate with the hot tip and least with the bare optical fibre. A significant decrease in percentage aggregation of platelets in response to added ADP, collagen and ristocetin with increasing energy delivery was also observed with all three probes. The formation of preformed aggregates, however, showed an increase proportional to energy delivery with all three probes.The differential effects of the various probes used in this study on platelet function may enhance our understanding of the complex role played by platelets in the pathogenesis of complications such as arterial thrombosis and re-occlusion after laser angioplasty.     

家兔延髓吻端腹外侧区在“人中”穴加压效应中的作用

延髓吻端腹外测区(Rostral ventrolateral medulla,RVL)微量注射红藻氨酸(Kainic acid,KA)前,分别用弱、强电刺激“人中”穴时可引起动脉血压(BP)显著升高,心率(HR)明显增快。一侧或双侧RVL注射KA后,再用弱、强电刺激“人中”穴时,BP、HR的反应基本消失。结果表明,RVL在“人中”穴加压效应中起关键性作用。     

Occlusion of the cerebral arteries in Recklinghausen's disease

Summary Two children, aged 18 months and 6 years, who had Recklinghausen's disease, had occlusion of cerebral arteries. One child had no motor deficit but the other had right hemiparesis and partial occlusion of the left posterior cerebral artery, a fact not found in the literature.     

超声观察肝癌多次肝动脉栓塞术治疗前后肝脏声像图的变化及其预后的评估

目的探讨超声在评估肝癌肝动脉栓塞术后肝硬变受损程度方面的价值.方法对43例原发性肝癌患者进行了肝动脉栓塞术前与术后临床肝功能检查及超声分析.结果多次肝动脉栓塞术后肝硬变程度加重,根据Child‘s分级肝功能下降率达67.4%,超声检查肝硬变加重率达70%.两者检查结果相一致.结论超声观察肝内回声的变化对评估多次肝癌肝动脉栓塞术后肝功能损害程度有重要作用.     

甲状腺动脉栓塞治疗难治性甲状腺机能亢进

目的 探讨经导管甲状腺动脉栓塞治疗难治性甲状腺机能亢进的方法及疗效。方法 使用高压消毒后明胶海绵、聚乙烯醇(PVA)微球栓塞甲状腺上动脉及下动脉。结果 13例病人甲状腺动脉栓塞成功，颈围缩小，11例T3、T4降至正常，2例轻废增高。结论 经导管甲状腺动脉栓塞治疗难治性甲状腺机能亢进可作为内外科治疗及^131I治疗替代疗法，只要正确掌握操作方法，是安全有效的。     

急性肠系膜静脉血栓形成临床分析

目的探讨急性肠系膜静脉血栓形成(AMVT)的诊断与治疗方法。方法对8例AMVT患者资料进行回顾性分析。结果6例手术治疗，2例非手术治疗，其中1例死于术后中毒性休克。结论早期诊断，早期抗凝、缓解血管痉挛和及时的手术干预是改善AMVT患者预后的主要措施。CT和彩色多普勒对该病的诊断有很大帮助，选择性血管造影可明确诊断。