Natural history of atopic dermatitis and its relationship to serum total immunoglobulin E in a population-based birth cohort study

We investigated the natural history of atopic dermatitis (AD) in a population-based birth cohort and assessed whether children at risk of visible eczema at 5 years of age can be identified from total immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels measured at 8, 12 and 18 months. AD data collected included a whole body examination for visible eczema at 49 months (4 years) and 61 months (5 years) of age and parent completed questionnaire data throughout their early lives. Children were divided into four groups based on their natural history of early AD: persistent (AD at 1, 6, 18, 30 and 42 months, n  = 34), intermittent early onset (before 18  months of age, n  = 495), intermittent late onset (18–42 months of age, n  = 273) and unaffected ( n  = 429). Visible eczema at 5 years of age was present in 12.2% (117/957) (95% confidence interval [CI] 10.1–14.3%) of the children. Levels of total IgE at 8, 12 and 18 months of age were associated with early onset of AD, but not with AD of later onset. For all four natural history groups, the geometric mean total IgE at 12 months was higher in those who subsequently had visible eczema than those who did not. However, the degree of overlap was such that total IgE at 12 months of age was a poor predictor of eczema at age five. A cutoff point of 78 kU/l had the highest positive predictive value for visible eczema at 5 years of age of 28.6%, with a sensitivity of 12% and specificity of 95%.     

eIF4E在乳腺癌中表达的研究进展

真核细胞翻译起始因子是调节蛋白质翻译的关键因素,作为mRNA帽结合磷蛋白,过度表达能使一些肿瘤相关恶性基因的蛋白质表达量发生变化,引起致癌性改变。笔者就eIF4E在乳腺癌中的表达、作用以及治疗研究的最新研究进展作一综述。     

前列腺素E1抑制血吸虫病家兔肝脏Ⅰ，Ⅲ型胶原生成的研究

目的:探讨前列腺素E1对血吸虫病家兔肝脏Ⅰ，Ⅲ型胶原的生成及分子伴侣Grp78/BiP基因表达的影响。 方法:用血吸虫尾蚴皮肤敷贴法感染14只家兔，构建血吸虫病肝纤维化动物模型。其中7只兔于感染后60d开始静脉注射PGE1［2.5μg/（kg.d）］至120d。用RT-PCR检测肝组织Ⅰ，Ⅲ型胶原和Grp78/BiP基因mRNA的表达水平。 结果:血吸虫病家兔肝纤维化形成过程中Ⅰ，Ⅲ型胶原基因表达水平明显增加，分别为(14.81±3.57)%和(12.9±3.25) %;Grp78/BiP mRNA表达显著上调(P<0.05)。外源性PGE1与模型组比较显著降低胶原Ⅰ，ⅢmRNA，分别为(5.79±1.26)%和(5.34±1.08) % （P<0.01)。分子伴侣Grp78/BiP mRNA水平显著下调，分别为(0.43±0.07)%和(0.29±0.02) % （P<0.05)。结论:PGE1可通过抑制基因表达和阻遏胶原成熟而有效地降低血吸虫病家兔肝脏胶原纤维的生成。     

军人花粉症106例快速免疫治疗

目的　探讨军人花粉症治疗的有效方法。方法　采用提高起始浓度和快速递增浓度 ,上臂外侧皮下注射的方法对 10 6位军人花粉症患者行快速免疫治疗 ,并对每一位患者治疗前后检测血清中总IgE和嗜酸细胞阳离子蛋白 (ECP)。 结果　治疗前后患者总IgE和ECP值有显著性差异。 10 6例患者经 1～ 3年随访复查 ,78例 2个以上发病季节未发作 ,或仅有轻微鼻痒、眼痒 ,18例症状减轻 ,发病时间缩短半月 ,10例症状无明显改善。显效 82例 ,有效 14例 ,无效 10例 ,总有效率为 90 .5 7%。结论　快速免疫治疗能使患者血清总IgE和ECP下降 ,对军人花粉症疗效好。     

Apolipoprotein E4 enhances brain inflammation by modulation of the NF-κB signaling cascade

Apolipoprotein E4 (apoE4), the major genetic risk factor of Alzheimer's disease (AD), is associated with enhanced brain inflammation. Genome-wide gene expression profiling was employed to study the effects of apoE genotype on hippocampal gene expression in LPS-treated mice, transgenic for either apoE4 or the AD benign allele, apoE3. This revealed that the expression of inflammation-related genes following intracerebroventricular injection of LPS was significantly higher and more prolonged in apoE4 than in apoE3 transgenic mice. Clustering analysis revealed gene clusters which responded differently in apoE4 and apoE3 mice and were significantly enriched in NF-kappaB response elements. Direct measurement of NF-kappaB-regulated genes revealed that their extent of activation was greater in the apoE4 mice. Immunohistochemistry experiments revealed that microglial and NF-kappaB activation were more pronounced in apoE4 than in apoE3 mice. These findings suggest that the increased brain inflammation in apoE4 mice is related to disregulation of NF-kappaB signaling pathway.     

复合维生素E,C,B组合物面膜治疗寻常痤疮117例的疗效和安全性(英文)

目的:了解维生素E,C,B组合物面膜治疗寻常痤疮的疗效及安全性。方法:117例13a以上、痤疮严重程度分级在2级以上且主要表现于脸部的病人,予维生素E,C,B组合物面膜治疗,每日1次,共8wk。观察治疗前后痤疮数量及性质,包括粉刺、丘疹、脓疱及囊肿之数目,并评估整体疗效。结果:治疗后,粉刺、丘疹、脓疱及囊肿数目下降了13±s13,10±12,5±7及3±3,均P<0.01。7例(6.0%)病人症状完全改善,44例(37.6%)中度改善,56例(47.9%)轻度改善,10例(8.6%)无改善。59例(50.4%)病人无红肿、搔痒、灼热及脱皮等现象发生。结论:维生素E,C,B组合物面膜治疗痤疮有效,超过半数的受试者无不良反应发生,可作为传统治疗寻常痤疮药物的替代。     

载脂蛋白A1、B基因多态性对非创伤性股骨头坏死发生的影响

目的:探讨载脂蛋白A1、B基因多态性对非刨伤性股骨头坏死(avascular necrosis of the femoral head,ANFH)发生的影响.方法:应用聚合酶链反应对中国北方汉族143例ANFH患者和92例正常人分别扩增含Apo AI基因启动子-75 bp和第一内舍子 83 bp及Apo B基因Eco RI、XbaI和3-VNTR的DNA片段,限制性内切酶酶切扩增产物,琼脂糖凝胶电泳分离基因多态性.结果:Apo A1基因启动子-75 bp处,ANFH患者中A/A基因型频率明显高于正常组(P＜0.01),而G/A基因型频率明显低于正常组(P＜0.01).Apo AI内舍子 83 bp位点,Apo B基因Eco RI、Xba I位点和3-VNTR区域ANFH患者组和正常组基因型及等位基因频率分布无统计学差异.结论:Apo A1基因启动子区域-75bp位点A/A型可能是非创伤性股骨头坏死易感基因之一,但未能发现Apo A1第一内舍子 83 bp位点及Apo B基因Eco RI、XbaI和3-VNTR位点多态性与非创伤性股骨头坏死发生有明显的关系.     

细胞周期蛋白E在瘢痕疙瘩不同区域中的表达及意义

目的探讨细胞周期蛋白E在瘢痕疙瘩形成过程中的作用及意义。方法应用免疫组织化学链霉亲和素-过氧化物酶（SP）法检测瘢痕疙瘩不同区域和正常皮肤组织成纤维细胞（fibro-blast,FB）中细胞周期蛋白E的表达。结果在瘢痕疙瘩周边部FB中存在细胞周期蛋白E的高表达;而在瘢痕疙瘩中央部阳性表达的FB数量少,8例标本FB中细胞周期蛋白E表达阴性。正常皮肤FB中细胞周期蛋白E表达阴性。经统计学处理,周边部与正常皮肤组及中央部比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01及P〈0.05）;中央部与正常皮肤（NS）组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论细胞周期蛋白E在瘢痕疙瘩周边部FB中的高表达,不仅可能促进了瘢痕疙瘩的形成,并可能是瘢痕疙瘩侵犯周围正常组织,呈浸润性生长的原因之一。     

Hepatoprotective action of prostaglandin A2 analogs under CCl4-induced liver injury in vitro

Aim: The cytoprotective effects of six novel synthetic prostaglandin A(2) analogs against carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) as a toxic agent were studied with isolated rat liver hepatocytes in vitro. Results: It was found that hepatocytes treatment with CCl(4) induced: (i) a significant increase of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) release from cytoplasm; (ii) leakage of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and acid phosphatase from mitochondria and lysosomes, respectively; (iii) 10-fold increase of trien conjugates formation; and (iv) a reduction of free SH-groups by 50%. Prostanoids U-26, U-9 and U-34 decreased cytotoxic index of CCl(4) on average by 1.5-2.0 times and were more effective than PGI(2), the well-known hepatoprotector of prostanoids type. The protective action of the prostanoids was not a cAMP- or Ca(2+)-dependent process. However, prostanoids U-26, U-9 and U-34 normalized intracellular content of SH-groups, reduced trien conjugates formation by 60-80% and strongly prevented enzyme leakage through cellular membranes. They were also able to inhibit CCl(4) effects via decreasing cytochrome P(450)2E1 activity. Conclusion: The results obtained demonstrate that prostanoids provide cytoprotective effects on liver hepatocytes through the prevention of lipid peroxidation of the plasma and the cellular membranes and maintenance of their barrier function.