益气活血冲剂对创伤骨折致肾脏损伤的保护作用

目的：探讨益气活血冲剂对创伤骨折所致肾损伤的保护作用。方法：将大鼠或小鼠分为空白组、对照组和实验组。分别于术后不同时期处死动物,测定三组的肾指数、肾中柠檬酸、DNA、RNA含量及^3H-TdR ^3H-UR参入率。结果：创伤骨折引起大鼠肾指数明显下降,^3H-TdR 参入受抑制,DNA含量降低,^3H-UR参入率和RNA含量升高;应用益气活血冲剂可以改善这些变化、促进DNA和RNA的合成。结论：创伤骨折后应用益气活血冲剂可以改善创伤引起的肾脏的变化。     

Association Between a Body Shape Index and Subclinical Carotid Atherosclerosis in Population Free of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases

Aim: We used a dataset from a cross-sectional survey conducted in China to determine which of the anthropometric indices of obesity are important in terms of carotid atherosclerosis free of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Methods: A total of 5,245 participants who were volunteering for carotid ultrasound unit in this cross-sectional survey were included in the present analysis. All subjects were free of angina, myocardial infarction, heart failure and stroke, and cancer. A low-risk subgroup was defined as people free of hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. All analyses based on logistic regression were gender-specific. Results: The present study consisted of 2,501 males and 2,744 females, with 776 (31.03%) diagnosed as carotid artery plaque in males and 550 (20.04%) in females. Univariable analyses in unadjusted logistic model showed significant associations between disease presence and all central obesity indices. After adjusting for more variables, only a body shape index (ABSI) was associated with the presence of disease in both males and females. Moreover, stepwise regression approaches revealed that ABSI was always an independent determinant of the presence of subclinical carotid plaque. Multiple regression shows a linear and significant increase in the prevalence of atherosclerosis in males and females as ABSI decile levels increased. Similar results were obtained when the association between ABSI and carotid plaque was studied in this low-risk subgroup. Conclusions: ABSI, as a novel anthropometric indicator compared with traditional indices, was found to have a closer relationship with subclinical carotid atherosclerosis, even in populations free of hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia.     

Ki-67 Labeling Index as a Marker of Malignancy in Ocular Surface Neoplasms

Purpose To evaluate the relationships among histopathological type, clinical malignant grade, and Ki-67 labeling index (LI) in sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC), conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), with pterygium and normal conjunctiva as controls.Methods This retrospective study was conducted at the Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan. We used tissue specimens obtained from 20 patients (four SGC, four SCC, four CIN, four pterygium, and four normal conjunctiva). Ki-67 immunohistochemical analysis was performed in all 20 cases.Results The Ki-67 labeling index (LI) was 46.1 ± 3.0% (average ± SD) in SGC, 28.4 ± 4.5% in SCC, 20.0 ± 7.2% in CIN, 9.0 ± 2.2% in pterygium, and 6.8 ± 2.3% in normal conjunctiva. Ki-67 LI was significantly (Mann-Whitney U test, P < 0.05) higher in SGC than in SCC, and higher, but not significantly, in SCC than in CIN. Ki-67 LI was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in SCC and CIN than in pterygium.Conclusions These results suggest that Ki-67 LI may be a sensitive marker for ocular malignant tumor grading. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2004;48:524–529 © Japanese Ophthalmological Society 2004     

Association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index and Gastric Disease Risk: Findings from a Korean Population-Based Cohort Study

Evidence suggests that diets with high pro-inflammatory potential may play a substantial role in the origin of gastric inflammation. This study aimed to examine the association between the energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII^TM) and gastric diseases at baseline and after a mean follow-up of 7.4 years in a Korean population. A total of 144,196 participants from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study_Health Examination (KoGES_HEXA) cohort were included. E-DII scores were computed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to assess the association between the E-DII and gastric disease risk. In the prospective analysis, the risk of developing gastric disease was significantly increased among individuals in the highest quartile of E-DII compared to those in the lowest quartile (HR_quartile4vs1 = 1.22; 95% CI = 1.08–1.38). Prospective analysis also showed an increased risk in the incidence of gastritis (HR_quartile4vs1 = 1.19; 95% CI = 1.04–1.37), gastric ulcers (HR_quartile4vs1 = 1.47; 95% CI = 1.16–1.85), and gastric and duodenal ulcers (HR_quartile4vs1 = 1.46; 95% CI = 1.17–1.81) in the highest E-DII quartile compared to the lowest quartile. In the cross-sectional analysis, the E-DII score was not associated with the risk of gastric disease. Our results suggest that a pro-inflammatory diet, indicated by high E-DII scores, is prospectively associated with an increased risk of gastric diseases. These results highlight the significance of an anti-inflammatory diet in lowering the risk of gastric disease risk in the general population.     

Association between Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index and Depression after Ischemic Stroke

Background: Malnutrition is associated with poor outcomes after stroke. However, the association between malnutrition and post-stroke depression (PSD) remains unelucidated. We aimed to explore the association between geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) and depression after ischemic stroke. Methods: In total, 344 patients with ischemic stroke were included in this analysis. The GNRI was calculated from serum albumin level, weight, and height at admission. Malnutrition was defined using the GNRI cutoff points. A lower GNRI score indicates an elevated nutritional risk. The outcome was depression, measured 14 days after ischemic stroke. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between the GNRI and risk of PSD. Results: A total of 22.9% developed PSD 14 days after stroke. The mean GNRI was 99.3 ± 6.0, and 53.8% of the patients had malnutrition. After adjusting for covariates, baseline malnutrition was not associated with risk of PSD (OR, 0.670; 95%CI, 0.370–1.213; p = 0.186). The restricted cubic splines revealed a U-shaped association between the GNRI and PSD. Compared to moderate GNRI, higher GNRI (OR, 2.368; 95%CI, 0.983–5.701; p = 0.085) or lower GNRI (OR, 2.226; 95%CI, 0.890–5.563; p = 0.087) did not significantly increase the risk of PSD. Conclusion: A low GNRI was not associated with an increased risk of depression after ischemic stroke.     

A Novel Preparation of Special-Shaped Phosphors-in-Glass by Gel Casting with Isobam for High-Power WLEDs Lighting

Phosphors-in-glass (PiGs) regarded as a promising phosphor-converter for white light emitting diodes (WLEDs) is being researched widely. However, there are few reports on the effect of changing the shape of PiGs on the color rendering index (CRI) and heat dissipation of WLEDs. In this paper, gel casting with Isobam was first attempted in preparing special-shaped PiGs successfully. It exhibited that 76 wt.% was the optimum solid content based on the rheological properties of slurry and the shrinkage of green bodies. The sintering rate should be kept at a low speed and glass transition temperature (Tg) of glass powders must be higher than sublimation temperatures (Ts) of APS and Isobam. The CRI of PiGs was increased by about 27% after changing the shape of PiGs from cylinder to dome. Most importantly, operating temperature also reduced effectively the increase of the surface area of PiGs. Therefore, changing the shape of PiGs by gel casting with Isobam is a creative way for high-power WLEDs lighting.     

柳氮磺胺吡啶联合培菲康治疗溃疡性结肠炎的临床研究

目的探讨柳氮磺胺吡啶联合培菲康治疗溃疡性结肠炎患者的临床疗效。方法将52例溃疡性结肠炎患者随机分成两组。治疗组采用柳氮磺胺吡啶联合培菲康治疗（n=27）;对照组单纯采用柳氮磺胺吡啶治疗（n=25）,观察两组患者治疗后临床活动指数及临床综合疗效。结果两组治疗前临床活动指数：治疗组为7.85±2.93,对照组为7.68±2.88,两组差别无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,治疗后临床活动指数治疗组为1.56±1.78,对照组为3.64±2.50,两组均较治疗前下降了（P〈0.001）,但治疗组临床活动指数的改善优于对照组（P〈0.05）;治疗后两组临床综合疗效比较,治疗组完全缓解20例,有效5例,无效2例,总有效率92.6%,对照组完全缓解11名,有效6例,无效8例,总有效率68%,治疗组临床综合疗效也优于与对照组,两组完全缓解率和总有效率有显著差别（P〈0.05）。结论柳氮磺胺吡啶联合培菲康治疗溃疡性结肠炎患者有利于临床症状的好转,提高临床疗效。     

Predicting the depressive status using empirical dietary inflammatory index in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody‐associated vasculitis

BackgroundThis study investigated whether the empirical dietary inflammatory index (eDII) score is associated with the inflammatory burden as well as the depressive status in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody‐associated vasculitis (AAV).MethodsEighty‐four patients with AAV participated in this study. Birmingham vasculitis activity score (BVAS) and short‐form 36‐item Health Survey mental component summary (SF‐36 MCS) were considered as indices assessing the inflammatory burden and depressive status, respectively. The eDII includes 16 food components and consists of three groups: −9 to −2, the low eDII group; −1 to +1, the moderate eDII group; and +2 to +10, the high eDII group. Furthermore, the lower eDII group includes both the low and moderate eDII groups.ResultsThe median age was 64.5 years (36 men). The eDII scores inversely correlated with SF‐36 MCS (r = −0.298, p = 0.006) but not with BVAS. SF‐36 MCS significantly differ between the lower and higher eDII groups (69.7 vs. 56.7, p = 0.016), but not among the low, moderate and high eDII groups. Additionally, when patients with AAV were divided into two groups according to the upper limit of the lowest tertile of SF‐36 MCS of 55.31, patients in the higher eDII group exhibited a significantly higher risk for the lowest tertile of SF‐36 MCS than those in the lower eDII group (RR 3.000).ConclusionWe demonstrated for the first time that the eDII could predict the depressive status by estimating SF‐36 MCS without utilising K‐CESD‐R ≥ 16 in patients with AAV.     

医疗机构互联网便民惠民移动应用测评研究

通过多维度测评方法评估北京地区医疗机构互联网移动应用建设、管理情况,介绍测评范围、方法、指标体系,分析测评结果并提出建议,包括明确移动应用定位,建立业务规范和标准,加强诊中和诊后服务等.     

Comparison of six anthropometric measures in discriminating diabetes: A cross‐sectional study from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

BackgroundTraditional anthropometric measures, including body mass index (BMI), are insufficient for evaluating the risk of diabetes. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of new anthropometric measures and a combination of anthropometric measures for identifying diabetes.MethodsA total of 46 979 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey program were included in this study. Anthropometric measures, including weight, BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist‐to‐height ratio (WtHR), conicity index (CI), and A Body Shape Index (ABSI), were calculated. Logistic regression analysis and restricted cubic splines were used to evaluate the association between the anthropometric indices and diabetes. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to compare the discrimination of different anthropometric measures.ResultsAll anthropometric measures were positively and independently associated with the risk of diabetes. After adjusting for covariates, the per SD increment in WC, WtHR, and CI increased the risk of diabetes by 81%, 83%, and 81%, respectively. In the ROC analysis, CI showed superior discriminative ability for diabetes (area under the curve 0.714), and its optimum cutoff value was 1.31. Results of the combined use of BMI and other anthropometric measures showed that among participants with BMI <30 kg/m², an elevated level of another metric increased the risk of having diabetes (P < .001). Similarly, at low levels of weight, CI, and ABSI, an elevated BMI increased diabetes risk (P < .001).ConclusionsWtHR and CI had the best ability to identify diabetes when applied to the US noninstitutionalized population. Anthropometric measures containing WC information could improve the discrimination ability.