胰腺癌细胞的增殖同膜脂质饱和度,膜胰岛素受体的关系

外源性表皮生长因子(或生长抑素)能促进(或抑制)胰腺癌细胞的增殖。胰腺癌细胞增殖速率的高低与细胞膜脂质饱和度的降、升;与膜胰岛素受体数量的增减密切相关。测定细胞膜脂质饱和度和胰岛素受体数量,是判断胰腺癌增殖状态的灵敏指标,有一定临床价值。     

Pulsatility and resistance indices in intrarenal arteries of normal adults

In order to establish the normal range of values of Pulsatility (PI) and Resistance (RI) Indices in the intrarenal vasculature, a study of 50 healthy volunteers (23 males, 27 females), divided into five groups of 10 according to age, was performed with Duplex Doppler ultrasound. Both kidneys were examined in all individuals and, in 12, indices were also compared between upper and lower poles of both kidneys. In addition, repeat examinations were performed in nine subjects on three different days, in order to assess the reproducibility of the method. No differences were found in the mean values of both indices between males and females, upper and lower poles, right and left kidneys. A statistically significant increase (p < 0.01, unpaired t-test) was demonstrated when the oldest age group (7th decade) was compared to the youngest age group (3rd decade). The method appeared remarkably reproducible for RI (4.2–7%), with wider variation in the PI (9.5–22.7%).     

How can we predict ureteral obstruction after gynecological surgery? The changes in Doppler resistive index and plasma creatinine and magnesium concentrations after surgical, unilateral ureteral obstruction in a rabbit model

The aim of this study is to evaluate the changes in Doppler resistive index (RI) and plasma creatinine and magnesium concentrations after unilateral ureteral obstruction in a rabbit model. Fourteen adult female rabbits were used in this study. In seven rabbits, the left ureter was ligated with silk suture, and the control group was sham operated. Before surgery and on the second and seventh days after surgery, blood samples were obtained to measure plasma creatinine and magnesium concentrations. Doppler RIs of both kidneys were also measured before surgery and on the second and seventh days after the surgical procedure. With regard to magnesium levels, there was a significant within-subjects sessions difference [F(2, 20) = 15.21, P= 0.001] indicating a decrease through sessions. Magnesium concentrations decreased significantly at the postoperative second and seventh days compared to preoperative baseline levels (P= 0.003 and P= 0.001, respectively). Multifactorial analysis of variance was applied for each session separately with laterality, and groups as factors. The Doppler RI and the creatinine level did not show any significant differences or interactions for all sessions (P > 0.05). The decreasing plasma magnesium concentration after surgery may indicate ureteral injury; however, Doppler studies and creatinine levels may not be useful as well.     

玉溪市农村室内鼠类及其体外寄生蚤类调查

笔者于１９９２年２月至１９９３年１月，在玉溪市两个自然村室内进行了鼠类及体外寄生蚤类调查研究。鼠类年均捕获率７．２５％；褐家鼠为优势种，占７３．４９％，捕获率高峰期在９月；黄胸鼠和小家鼠为常见种，捕获率高峰期分别在３和４月。３种家鼠年龄孕鼠率为１４．５７％，平均胎仔数为７．３只，１０月为全年生殖高峰。     

Three-dimensional bone kinematics in an anterior laxity test of the ankle joint

Questions addressed in this in-vitro study are (1) what are the actual three-dimensional kinematics of talus and calcaneus during an anterior drawer test as performed with the quasi-static anterior ankle tester (QAAT) (2) does laxity measurement with the QAAT represent the true anterior translation of talus relative to the tibia?. Simultaneous measurements were made with the QAAT and a three-dimensional kinematics analysis system in five specimens. The three-dimensional translations and rotations on three axes were analysed at 25, 50 and 100 N of applied anterior load, with increased ligament damage. For four out of five remaining specimens, anterior translation values of talus and calcaneus and values as measured with the QAAT show a significant increase with growing ligament damage and with higher loads. Skeletal motions of talus and calcaneus show great similarity in three different motion axes, with increased ligament damage and at any given load. Skeletal translations and rotations of talus and calcaneus show great similarity during an anterior drawer movement of the ankle joint. Anterior skeletal translation of the talus and calcaneus show fair correlation with the anterior displacements measurements of the QAAT. These QAAT measurements show an overestimation of the laxity value by more than 200% irrespective of the load applied.     

Closed tibial pilon fractures treated with external fixation

Fractures of tibial pilon are due to a high energy trauma. Associated skin complications are frequent as those of surgery of this pattern. Thus we performed external fixation as treatment for these fractures. Authors report a retrospective study of 17 closed fracture of tibial pilon, type C of Ruedi and Heim classification, treated by osteotaxis using external fixation of Hoffman with osteosynthesis of fibula by screwed plate. Our patients are of a mean age of 34 years with 11 men and 6 women. The right side was most frequently involved (12 patients). Skin injuries as phlyctena were seen in 6 patients. Delay of treatment did not exceed 72 h. We performed a closed reduction of the fracture of tibial pilon after internal fixation of fibula by screwed plate. Results were assessed after 24 months of study. Track pins infection was noted in three cases. Reduction was usually good, despite one case of recurvatum, one case of valgus, one case of Sudeck’s atrophy, three cases of arthritis have been noticed. Mobility decreased at about 30%. External fixation is a real alternative solution for treatment of these fractures for which osteosynthesis is not suitable. It allows us to avoid skin complications despite mobility decreasing.      

A -243A-->G polymorphism upstream of the gene encoding GAD65 associates with lower levels of body mass index and glycaemia in a population-based sample of 5857 middle-aged White subjects.

AIMS: The glutamate decarboxylase gene (GAD2) encodes GAD65, an enzyme catalysing the production of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) which interacts with neuropeptide Y to stimulate food intake. It has been suggested that in pancreatic islets, GABA serves as a functional regulator of pancreatic hormone release. Conflicting results have been reported concerning the potential impact of GAD2 variation on estimates of energy metabolism. The aim of this study was to elucidate potential associations between the GAD2-243A-->G polymorphism and levels of body mass index (BMI) and estimates of glycaemia. METHODS: Using high-throughput chip-based matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, the GAD2-243A-->G (rs2236418) polymorphism was genotyped in a population-based sample (Inter99) of 5857 middle-aged, unrelated Danish White subjects. RESULTS: The G-allele was associated with modestly lower BMI (P = 0.01). In a case-control study of obesity, the G-allele frequency in 2582 participants with BMI < 25 kg/m2 was 19.5% (18.4-20.6) compared with 17.1% (15.5-18.8) in 968 participants having BMI > or = 30 kg/m2 (P = 0.03), odds ratio 0.9 (0.7-1.0). Of the 5857 subjects, GG carriers had lower fasting plasma glucose levels (mmol/l) [AA (n = 3859) 5.6 +/- 0.8; AG (n = 1792) 5.5 +/- 0.8; GG (n = 206) 5.5 +/- 0.8, P = 0.008] and lower 30-min oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)-related plasma glucose levels (AA 8.7 +/- 1.9; AG 8.6 +/- 1.9; GG 8.6 +/- 2.0, P = 0.04), adjusted for sex, age and BMI. Analysing subjects who were both normoglycaemic and glucose tolerant (n = 4431) GG carriers still had lower fasting plasma glucose concentrations: AA (n = 2895) 5.3 +/- 0.4; AG (n = 1383) 5.3 +/- 0.4; GG (n = 153) 5.2 +/- 0.4 (P = 9.10(-5)). CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that the GAD2-243A-->G polymorphism in a population of middle-aged White people associates with a modest reduction in BMI and fasting and OGTT-related plasma glucose levels.     

精子形态变化对体外受精率的影响

目的:通过对ICSI和IVF受精率的统计,比较精子形态中的精子正常形态率、头部畸形率、畸形精子指数(TZI)和精子畸形指数(SDI)对受精结果的影响。方法:用Krger's严格标准法分别计算每组样本的精子正常形态率、头部畸形率、TZI和SDI值,与受精率进行比较。结果:①IVF组和ICSI组的受精率,与精子正常形态率、头部畸形率、TZI、SDI均无相关性。②IVF组和ICSI组中SDI>1.6和SDI<1.6的受精率、优质胚胎率和临床妊娠率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。③IVF组和ICSI组中精子正常形态率≤15%与精子正常形态率>15%的二组间受精率、优质胚胎率和临床妊娠率的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:精子形态在体外受精时对受精率无影响,不能用精子形态来直接评价体外受精的结果。     

大脑中动脉钙化的CT与经颅多普勒超声对照研究

目的探讨大脑中动脉（middle cerebral artery,MCA）水平段（M1）钙化的量化指标与血流动力学的关系。资料与方法搜集经头颅CT确诊M1段钙化且行经颅多普勒超声（transcranial Doppler,TCD）检查者41例,按有无钙化分为钙化组和无钙化组。分析MCA钙化组血流动力学参数与钙化量化指标是否有相关性;检验钙化组与无钙化组血流动力学参数及狭窄发生率的差异。结果MCA搏动指数（pulsatility index,PI）与钙化体积以及积分值呈线性相关;钙化组与无钙化组PI差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,但狭窄发生率差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论MCA钙化程度与TCD反映血管弹性的PI相关,但与反映狭窄程度的血流速度无相关性。     

老年冠心病患者踝臂指数和心脏结构与功能的相关分析

目的探讨老年冠心病患者踝臂指数(ABI)和心脏结构与功能的相关性。方法87例老年冠心病患者,按ABI分组,A组ABI≤0.9,B组ABI>0.9,同时测量2组的心脏结构指标:左心房直径(LAD)、左心室舒张期直径(LVDD)、左心室后壁厚度(LVPW)。左室收缩功能指标:左室缩短率(FS)、左室射血分数(EF)。左室舒张功能指标:EF斜率。结果A、B2组比较,年龄、血脂、血糖、肝功能、肾功能、LAD、LVDD、LVPW和EF斜率均无显著性差异。FS和EF均有显著性差异,A组较B组明显降低(P<0.05)。结论ABI与老年冠心病患者的心脏功能有较好的相关性,对其预后的判定有一定的价值。