Transvenous embolization of a dural arteriovenous fistula of the cavernous sinus through the contralateral pterygoid plexus

We report a new transvenous endovascular route for treatment of dural arteriovenous fistulas of the cavernous sinus. The cavernous sinus was approached from the contralateral pterygoid plexus and embolization of a dural fistula was performed successfully with Guglielmi detachable coils. Received: 16 June 1997 Accepted: 6 August 1997     

冠状动脉瘘

研究分析冠状动脉瘘的临床和影像诊断。材料和方法：收集３９例冠状动脉瘘,年龄５岁～６４岁（平均２５．２岁）;均有主动脉根部或（和）冠状动脉造影（ＤＳＡ １９例,电影造影１２例,大片快速换片８例）。结果：听诊有连续性或双期性杂音２８例,ＥＫＧ正常或大致正常心电图１８例,单支形成瘘３７例,双支形成瘘２例,瘘口在右心室１５例（ＲＣＡ８例,ＬＣＡ７例）,右心房７例（ＲＣＡ４例,ＬＣＡ３例）,肺动脉８例（ＲＣ     

Double congenital bronchoesophageal fistulae in an adult

We report adult congenital bronchoesophageal fistula with both symptomatic fistula and asymptomatic one. A 56-year-old woman with a history of cough after drinking fluids was diagnosed as bronchoesophageal fistula by upper gastrointestinal series that showed a diverticulum in the middle portion of the esophagus with a fistula between the esophagus and right lower lung. Esophagoscopy revealed an orifice of the fistula located 27 cm from the incisors. Computed tomography showed chronic inflammatory change with bronchiectasis in the S6 segment of the right lung. The patient underwent video assisted thoracic surgery that identified two fistulae without missing a symptomatic one, and both were successfully resected. The fistulae were lined by squamous epithelium and smooth muscle without evidence of malignancy, infection or chronic inflammation that were histologically compatible with congenital fistulae.     

次侧切术治疗期肛裂前后肛门直肠压力对比分析

目的 :探讨次侧切开内括约肌治疗肛裂术前、术后肛门直肌压力的变化。方法 :采用自行设计的次侧方内括约肌切开加双缘结扎术治疗 期肛裂 6 0例 ,测定手术前后肛门直肠压力 ,并与 6 0例正常人肛压比较 ,评价新术式治疗 期肛裂的临床疗效及其对肛门功能的影响。结果 :显示术后患者肛管静息压显著降低 ,与术前比较有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1) ,与正常人比较无显著性差异 (P>0 .0 5 ) ;肛管最大收缩压与术前及正常人比较无显著性差异 (P>0 .0 5 )。结论 :次侧方内括约肌切开加双缘结扎术能有效地解除内括约肌痉挛 ,从根本上消除高肛压 ,从而彻底治愈肛裂 ,而且不影响肛门功能。     

手术治疗小儿先天性动静脉瘘的疗效观察

目的探讨小儿先天性动静脉瘘的手术治疗效果。方法本组共收治先天性动静脉瘘惠儿5例,均行动脉造影及多普勒超声检查,发现局限型2例,弥漫型3例,病变均发生于四肢。对5例惠儿行手术治疗,局限型行病灶切除,弥漫型扩大切除病变组织,缺损区域以游离皮瓣移植修复。结果5例患儿随访1～3年。2例局限型患儿中1例治愈,1例病情得到控制;3例弥漫型病变中,2例病情得到控制,1例病情持续进展且因并发症已行左上肢截肢手术。结论手术治疗可作为cAvF局限型的首选治疗方式,而弥漫型单纯采取手术治疗则具有较高的复发几率。尽管如此,小儿CAVF还应尽早治疗以防止肢体畸形及循环系统衰竭等严重并发症的发生。     

左冠状动脉瘘的影像诊断与介入治疗

目的 :探讨左冠状动脉瘘的影像诊断和介入治疗价值。方法 :2 7例均行X线平片和彩色多普勒检查 ;行升主动脉造影者 4例 ,选择性冠状动脉造影者 2 3例 ;3例行介入治疗 ,16例于体外循环下行冠状动脉瘘修复术。结果 :5例X线平片和 15例彩色多普勒检查基本上能提示诊断 ,血管造影均能明确诊断 ,血管造影显示左冠状动脉瘘通过左前降支和左回旋支形成较粗大的瘘口者 16例 (5 9.3% ) ,左冠状动脉细小分支瘘者 11例 (40 .7% ) ,其中发生于左冠状动脉前降支的细小分支者 6例、发生于左回旋支的细小分支者 4例、同时源于左前降支和左回旋支的细小分支者 1例。在这 2 7例中 ,瘘入右心室 13例 (48.2 % ) ,瘘入肺动脉者 7例 (2 5 .9% ) ,瘘入左心室 5例 (18.3% ) ,瘘入左房者 2例 (7.4 % )。 3例患者行介入治疗 ,经 6个月随访观察 ,未见异常改变。结论 :选择性冠状动脉造影是诊断冠状动脉瘘的最佳方法 ,在治疗方面目前除手术治疗外 ,介入治疗亦是一种较好的手段     

电刺激股薄肌成形术原位肛门重建的犬实验研究

目的　评价电刺激股薄肌成形术原位肛门重建的犬实验模型临床应用前景。方法　采用杂种犬 17条 ,分对照组和实验组两组 ,第 1期单行股薄肌原位游离 ,实验组术后行电刺激连续 6周 ;2组第 2期均行腹会阴联合切除肛门 股薄肌原位肛门括约肌重建 ,术后 2周测量基础新肛压、功能性新肛压和移位股薄肌肌肉耐疲劳性曲线 ,取肌肉样本进行显微结构观察。结果　实验组的I型纤维所占比例明显高于对照组 (P <0 0 0 1) ;两组间基础肛压、基础新肛压的差异无显著性意义 (P >0 0 5 ) ,而功能性新肛压的差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 1) ;实验组的移位股薄肌肌肉耐疲劳性曲线更平缓 ,平台期更长。结论　经过长期电刺激后 ,股薄肌纤维构成发生适应性改变 ,抗疲劳性改善 ,可替代括约肌的功能。     

手术方式对肛管直肠恶性黑色素瘤预后的影响

目的比较经腹直肠肛门切除术(abdominoperinealresection,APR)与经肛局部扩大切除术(widelocalexcision,WLE)对肛管直肠恶性黑色素瘤(anorectalmalignantmelanoma,AMM)预后的影响。方法回顾分析1980年至2002年经手术治疗的42例AMM患者的临床资料。结果局部复发WLE术后62%、APR术后61%;平均生存时间WLE术后24.3个月,APR术后20.0个月;两组生存期比较,χ2=0.728,P>0.05,差异无显著性意义。结论AMM患者的预后与外科手术方式无关,应根据患者的综合因素来选择手术方式。     

T管窦道的形成与临床意义

目的:了解胆道术后不同时期T管窦道的结构特点并探讨其临床意义.方法:选择胆总管切开探查T管引流术病人.术中测量胆道压力及术后测量胆道压力和T管窦道的牢固性;检查拔T管后胆瘘的位置;对术后行纤维胆道镜检查者,测量T管窦道的长度和宽度,取部分窦道壁组织进行病理检查;对再次手术者,术中形成窦道,术后对窦道壁进行病理检查.结果:T管窦道的长度为(6.3±4.1) cm,宽度为(0.74±0.09) cm,厚度及牢固性术后不同时期各不相同,并受一些因素影响,窦道与胆总管和腹壁连接处较薄弱.结论:T管窦道有其本身的结构特点,了解T管窦道的结构特点对术后胆汁漏的防治以及选择时期经T管窦道行胆道内的各种检查和治疗有意义.     

Analysis of factors affecting the spontaneous closure of a gastrocutaneous fistula

Background/purpose

Few reports have documented the rate of persistence of a gastrocutaneous fistula (GCF) after gastrostomy removal or the reason for the persistence of a GCF. The purpose of this report was to analyze a large group of pediatric patients with a persistent GCF to determine the rate of persistence and any factors that correlate with the persistence of a GCF.

Methods

This was a retrospective review of 1,042 children from The Children’s Hospital, Denver, Colorado who had a gastrostomy constructed between 1992 and 2002. The charts of all children with a persistent GCF after gastrostomy catheter removal were analyzed for correlation between 13 clinical parameters and the persistence of a GCF.

Results

There were 150 children with a persistent GCF for an incidence of 34%. Time elapsed between the creation of the GCF and removal of the gastrostomy appliance (≤8 months versus >8 months) was the only parameter that showed any correlation with persistence of a GCF (P < .05). None of the other parameters studied showed any conclusive correlation with persistence of a GCF.

Conclusions

Time was the only factor that determined whether a surgically created GCF would persist after removal of a gastrostomy appliance.