紫外分光光度法同时测定增效黄连素胶囊中二组分含量

本文提出以紫外分光光度法测定增效黄连素胶囊含量。样品经乙醇溶解、水稀释后，不经分离提取，直接在３４６ｎｍ波长处测定盐酸黄连素；在３４６ｎｍ和２７１ｎｍ波长处以系数倍率法测定甲氧苄氨嘧啶，测得二组分的平均回收率分别为９９．１％和９９．６％，相对标准偏差为０．６７％和０．８２％（ｎ＝９）．本法简便，快速，适用于增效黄连素胶囊的常规分析．     

Infantile depression,nonorganic failure to thrive,and DSM-III-R: A different perspective

A controversy exists regarding the classification of nonorganic failure to thrive within the psychiatric nomenclature. There are a number of DSM-III-R diagnoses that may be applied to NOFTT, including Reactive Attachment Disorder of Infancy (RADI) and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). The behaviors characteristic of NOFTT are symptomatic of depression, and are similar to those exhibited by infants with anaclitic depression as well as those of the adult with depression. The correspondence of the behaviours of NOFTT and the DSM-III-R criteria for Major Depression are reviewed, as are the conceptual and therapeutic reasons to view NOFTT infants as suffering from Depression.     

河南省地方性高碘甲状腺肿的发现、流行特征及其干预研究

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Importance of Albumin, 25(OH)-Vitamin D and IGFBP-3 as Risk Factors in Elderly Women and Men with Hip Fracture

The relative importance of vitamin D deficiency, secondary hyperparathyroidism, nutritional deficiency and low bone mineral density (BMD) as risk factors for hip fracture is not definitely established. In the framework of a case-control study of risk factors for hip fractured, biochemical markers of bone metabolism and nutrition and femoral BMD data were compared in 136 female and 43 male hip fracture patients, 126 female and 44 male age-matched hospitalized controls, and 47 healthy elderly women (8 men). Patients with hip fracture had lower albumin (−10%9 and 25(OH)-vitamin D (25(OH)D; −19%) compared with hospitalized controls, and lower albumin (−28%) and 25(OH)D levels (−52%) compared with the elderly controls. Serum values of IGFBP-3 were also significantly lower (−33%) in hip fracture patients than in community controls. BMD of femoral neck was lower (p < 0.001) in patients than in hospitalized and community controls. In hip fracture patients, parathyroid hormone (PTH) correlated weakly with BMD (neck: r = −0.19, trochanter: r = −0.17; both p < 0.05). When all women were pooled (n = 233), albumin correlated significantly (age-adjusted) with BMD at all sites (neck: r = 0.27, trochanter: r = 0.25; all p < 0.001). Albumin, but not 25(OH)D, also correlated with skinfold thickness (r = 0.19, p < 0.0025) and with body mass index (BMI) (r = 0.14, p < 0.05). Male patients with hip fracture had lower BMD and albumin (both p < 0.001), 25(OH)D (p = 0.02) and IGFBP-3 levels (p <: 0.005) compared with the controls. When male patients and controls were pooled together, albumin, skinfold thickness and BMI were significantly correlated with each other, but not with BMD. IGFBP-3 was highly correlated with albumin (p < 0.0001), 25(OH)D (p < 0.005) and, less significantly, with PTH (p < 0.05), but not with BMI or skinfold thickness. IGFBP-3 was significantly correlated with BMD at all sites (neck: r = 0.27, p < 0.05); trochanter: r = 0.40, p < 0.0005). In conclusion, low albumin and low BMD were both important risk factors for hip fracture. Low serum albumin was the strongest independent variable correlated with hip fractures. In men, IGFBP-3 was correlated with BMD. The femoral BMD depended only weakly on PTH and 25(OH)D, but was correlated at all sites with albumin, a non-specific parameter of nutrition and general health.     

整体护理改善护患关系的体会

整体护理的实施,重塑了护士的职业价值观,增加了护患之间的接触。护士能够在自己的专业范围内积极主动地解决病人的问题,挖掘了护理人员的自身潜力,加深了护患交流,使护患关系明显改善。     

Nd：YAG激光对牙本质钙／磷比值的影响

为探讨Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ激光对牙本质矿物含量的影响，应用扫描电镜和能谱仪定点测量５０个上前牙标本的根管壁（激光照射工和正常对比区）的钙、磷含量，结果表明，照射区牙本质钙／磷（Ｃａ／Ｐ）比值高于对比区，当激光能量达１５Ｗ以上时变化更为显著，提示Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ激光能提高牙本质的钙化程度。     

ENDOSCOPIC PANCREATIC STENTING IN CHRONIC PANCREATITIS WITH DUCTAL DILATION PROXIMAL TO A STRICTURE: A SAFE and EFFECTIVE PROTOCOL

After removal of intraductal stones, a 10‐Fr or 7‐Fr pancreatic stent was placed in 16 patients with upstream ductal dilation proximal to a stricture of the main pancreatic duct. Stents were removed after a mean duration of 52.5 days. Nine patients underwent repeated stenting. About one year after removal of the initial stent, when the remaining upstream ductal dilation was found on follow‐up pancreatograms, the next stent was replaced. Repeated stenting improved outflow of pancreatic juice more effectively than one‐time stenting. Correlation between long‐term pain relief without recurrence of intraductal stones and reduction of duct diameter was also shown. Stent occlusion was observed in 14 of 30 stents. Stent occlusion was frequently associated with recurrence of pancreatitis and intraductal stones, and was also associated with morphologic changes in the pancreatic ductal system. Although there were no significant differences between stent patency of the initial stents and that of the next stents, stent patency of 10‐Fr stents was superior to that of 7‐Fr stents. 10‐Fr stents should be removed within 8 weeks and 7‐Fr stents should be removed within 4 weeks for the prevention of stent occlusion. Repeated stenting with short‐term stenting is therefore considered a safe and effective protocol of endoscopic pancreatic stenting.     

中西医结合疗法延缓慢性肾功能不全患者急性肾功能减退的临床研究

目的:探讨中医活血化瘀结合西医疗法是否具有延缓慢性肾功能不全患者急性肾功能减退的疗效.方法:回顾性分析未行透析的慢性肾功能不全患者32例,近期肾功能急性进行性减退,血尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen,BUN)、肌酐(serum creatinine,SCr)进行性升高.常规治疗基础上,均予以中药保留灌肠30 min,同时加静脉滴注活血化瘀等中西药物治疗14 d.观察治疗前后患者血常规、电解质、肝肾功能以及内生肌酐清除率(creatinine clearance rate,Ccr)的变化.结果:治疗后患者血常规、电解质无明显改变,大多数患者BUN和SCr较治疗前下降,而Ccr升高,总有效率达65.6%.结论:中西医结合疗法可有效逆转慢性肾功能不全患者伴发急性肾功能减退时肾功能的恶化.     

适应性反应对中医药研究的启示

适应性反应是近年医学研究的热点问题之一,利用适应性反应已作为疾病防治的新战略,其核心和精髓是充分调动和激发机体内源性保护机制,增加机体适应性和抗损伤能力,维持机体自稳态.适应性反应的研究表明了机体自身存在着很强的内源性保护机制,其本质是适应性反应诱导了内源性保护物质(保护性蛋白等)的产生,而用药物等途径则可模拟或增强适应性保护作用.适应性反应与中医学的天人相应、正气学说、扶正固本、藏象学说、治未病思想、适应原中药、针灸经络等理论有诸多联系,对中医药研究有一定的启示,对于揭示中医学的科学内涵和实质、发展和弘扬中医理论及促进中西医结合均具有一定参考意义.     

Singularities explained: Response to Klein.

Klein [Klein, A. S. (2006). Separating transducer nonlinearities and multiplicative noise in contrast discrimination. Vision Research, 46, 4279-4293] questions the existence of intrinsic singularities in two-alternative force-choice (2AFC) Signal Detection Theory (SDT) models, suggesting that the singularities found in Katkov et al. [Katkov, M., Tsodyks, M., & Sagi, D. (2006a). Singularities in the inverse modeling of 2AFC contrast discrimination data. Vision Research, 46, 259-266; Katkov, M., Tsodyks, M., & Sagi, D. (2006b). Analysis of two-alternative force-choice Signal Detection Theory model. Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 50, 411-420] are due to discarding higher order terms in the Taylor expansion of d' and/or limited to steep psychometric functions. Here we provide some simple intuitive examples that illustrate the results described in Katkov et al. (2006a, 2006b). We show, for the constant noise model, that singularities exist when exact values of d' are computed and that the singularities are not limited to steep psychometric functions. In these cases the disambiguation of the different models requires millions of trials.