CR16在特发性无精子症患者睾丸组织中的表达

目的:研究糖皮质激素区域表达基因16(corticosteroids and regional expression 16,CR16)在特发性无精子症患者睾丸组织中的表达,探讨CR16在精子发生中的作用。方法:采用免疫组化法和逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测CR16蛋白和CR16 mRNA在48例特发性无精子症患者(病例组)和10例正常生育男性(正常组)睾丸组织中的表达情况。结果:CR16蛋白表达于睾丸生精小管上皮,主要分布在支持细胞与生精细胞连接区,在特发性无精子症患者睾丸组织中的表达显著弱于正常生育男性睾丸组织中的表达。CR16 mRNA在病例组睾丸组织中的表达水平显著低于正常组。结论:特发性无精子症患者睾丸组织中CR16表达水平显著降低,这可能与无精子症相关。     

活体供肾术前评估中16层螺旋CT的价值

目的：评价16层螺旋CT三维重建在活体供肾血管、肾实质、泌尿系统评估中的实际应用价值.方法：回顾2004年以来41例活体肾移植供体临床资料,术前均行16层螺旋CT扫描,采集肾动脉期、静脉期以及排泄期的影像数据,采用MIP、VR、MPR和CRP等三维图像后处理技术,评估供体肾动脉、肾静脉、泌尿集合系统和肾实质情况,与术中所见相对照.结果：41例供肾动脉显示,34例双肾单支动脉供血,其中2例左肾动脉、3例右肾动脉分支较早;4例右肾见一支副肾动脉,3例左肾见一支副肾动脉;术中证实有1例右副肾动脉,1例左肾动脉早期分支未能在影像中显示清楚,准确率95.1%.41例供肾静脉显示,37例双肾静脉为单支,4例右侧双支肾静脉;术中证实5例右侧双支肾静脉未能在影像中显示,准确率87.8%;泌尿集合系统显影满意,1例左侧双肾盂双输尿管畸形.结论：16层螺旋CT三维重建能准确显示供体肾脏血管、泌尿集合系统、肾实质解剖及可能的病理情况,给临床肾移植术前评估提供有价值的帮助,可作为供体术前检查的首选方法.     

p16在星形胶质细胞瘤患者生存分析中的意义

目的探讨p16在星形胶质细胞瘤患者生存分析中的意义。方法采用免疫组化方法检测p16、Rb、细胞周期素D1(cyclinD1)及Ki-67蛋白在62例星形胶质细胞瘤中的表达,对患者进行随访,并结合临床和影像学资料进行生存分析,研究p16的预后意义。结果单因素分析表明p16阴性病例术后生存时间较阳性者明显为短(Logrank检验,P<0.001),而这种差别在卡诺夫斯基机能状态(KPS)评分<70分、复发性肿瘤、Rb和cyclinD1蛋白阴性的病例中不存在;p16不同表达强度的患者之间预后也有差别;但多因素COX模型分析显示p16不是独立的预后因子(P=0.06)。结论p16是能反映星形胶质细胞瘤恶性生物学行为的分子标志物之一,对星形胶质细胞瘤具有初步判断预后的价值,但不是独立的预后因子。     

抗HPV16E6与抗HPV18E6核酶的设计,表达与活性鉴定

获得特异性抗人乳头瘤病毒１６型和１８型Ｅ６基因的核酶,用以在基因调控水平防治ＨＰＶ相关性肿瘤,采用计算机软件针对ＨＰＶ１６Ｅ６基因和ＨＰＶ１８Ｅ６基因,设计相应的ｒｉｂｏｚｙｍｅ;体外合成核酶基因后,克隆于原核表达质粒中,将ＨＰＶ１６Ｅ６,ＨＰＶ１８基因片段也克隆入原核表达质粒中,体外转录而得到核酶和病毒ｍＲＮＡ,进行体外切割实验以鉴定核酶的抗性。抗ＨＰＶ１６Ｅ６核酶与抗ＨＢＶ１８Ｅ６核酶（抗１６     

Interactions of 16α-[F]-fluoroestradiol (FES) with sex steroid binding protein (SBP)

Fluorine-18 16alpha-Fluoroestradiol ([18F]-FES) is a positron-emitting tracer for the estrogen receptor that is used for positron emission tomography (PET) studies of tumor tissues rich in the estrogen receptor. The role of the sex steroid binding protein (SBP or SHBG) in the transport of the [18F]-FES to the estrogen-receptor-rich tissue in breast cancer patients in vivo was investigated. To determine the extent to which [18F]-FES is bound to SBP in the blood, we performed a series of studies using blood samples obtained from patients undergoing [18F]-FES PET scans. The binding of [18F]-FES to the SBP was measured using a simple protein precipitation assay. The binding of [18F]-FES metabolites to SBP was also measured. These measurements showed that the tracer was distributed between albumin and SBP, and the binding capacity of SBP was sufficient to ensure that the protein was not saturated when the tracer was fully mixed with the plasma; however, local saturation of SBP may occur when [18F]-FES is administered intravenously. Typically about 45% of [18F]-FES in circulating plasma was bound to SBP, but this fraction was dependent on the concentration of SBP in plasma. The transfer of the tracer between the two proteins was rapid, complete in less than 20 s at 0 degrees C, suggesting that the equilibrium was maintained under most circumstances and that local saturation resolved quickly when blood from the injection site entered the central circulation. These data suggest that SBP binding of [18F]-FES is significant and will affect the input function of the tracer for any model that is used for the quantitative evaluation of [18F]-FES uptake in PET studies. Estimates of equilibrium binding in blood samples are sufficient to characterize [18F]-FES binding to SBP in the circulation.     

P16、Rb、C—myc基因在肾癌中的表达及其与细胞凋亡的关系

目的探讨P16、Rb、C-myc基因在肾癌中的表达以及肾癌组织中细胞凋亡的发生,了解两之间的相互关系。方法采用免疫组织化学法检测肾癌组织中的P16、Rb、C—myc基因的表达情况,同时用TUNEL法观察肾癌中细胞凋亡现象。结果在肾癌中,P16总阳性率为61．3％,Rb总阳性率为64．5％,C—myc总阳性率为48．4％,它们的阳性表达与细胞凋亡有相关性。结论肾癌中P16、Rb、C—myc基因促进肾癌细胞凋亡的发生,在机体抗肿瘤机制中起积极作用。     

A case of pelvic malignant paraganglioma

We report a rare case of pelvic malignant paraganglioma that was treated with surgery, combination chemotherapy and radiation. A 47-year-old man was diagnosed with pelvic malignant paraganglioma that had metastasised to the thoracic vertebrae. The pelvic mass, which was 6 cm in size, was on the posterior side of the bladder and had invaded the prostate, seminal vesicle and bladder neck. We resected the intrapelvic tumor and lymph nodes using cystoprostatectomy. Metastases to bilateral obturator lymph nodes and the right internal iliac lymph node were shown by pathology. Adjuvant therapies included six courses of the combination chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, vincristine and dacarbazine), and 12 courses of VP-16 therapy. Radiation therapy was done for metastasis of the thoracic vertebrae. Local recurrence, progression of bone metastasis and new metastasis have not been detected since these treatments. The patient has been clinically stable during 20 months of follow-up. Chemotherapy of cyclophosphamide, vincristine and dacarbazine and VP-16 with radiation appears to be effective in treating advanced malignant paraganglioma.     

Brief pretreatment of radial artery conduits with phenoxybenzamine prevents vasoconstriction long term

Background. Radial artery bypass conduits are prone to early vasospasm or “string sign” with use of vasopressor therapy intraoperatively and postoperatively, causing increased resistance in coronary artery grafts. Current intraoperative treatment with papaverine fails to provide sustained inhibition of vasoconstriction. We tested the hypothesis that a 30-minute pretreatment of radial artery segments with the -adrenergic antagonist phenoxybenzamine (PB) or the putative protein phosphatase 2,3-butadione monoxime (BDM) attenuates vasoconstriction induced by the vasopressors phenylephrine or norepinephrine for as long as 48 hours compared with papaverine.

Methods. Canine radial arteries were harvested, incubated in control buffer or solutions of papaverine 10⁻⁶ M, BDM 10⁻⁶ M or phenoxybenzamine 10⁻⁶ M for 30 minutes, washed, and stored in drug-free culture medium for 2, 24, or 48 hours. After storage, constriction was induced by norepinephrine at incremental concentrations ranging from 0.7 to 3.5 μmol/L or by phenylephrine (0.300 to 1.5 μmol/L) with or without the inhibitors, and the degree of vasoconstriction was quantified in organ chambers. Responses to norepinephrine or phenylephrine were compared to constriction with receptor-independent potassium chloride KC1 (30 mmol/L).

Results. Maximum responses to phenylephrine and norepinephrine were comparable at 2, 24, and 48 hours after harvest in the control group (phenylephrine: 67% ± 4%, 62% ± 6%, 65% ± 6% of KC1 response; norepinephrine: 75% ± 4%, 62% ± 1%, 58% ± 7%, respectively). Papaverine failed to attenuate constriction to phenylephrine and norepinephrine 2, 24, or 48 hours posttreatment. Pretreatment with BDM did not reduce vasoconstriction responses to phenylephrine or norepinephrine 2 hours after incubation but did reduce constriction responses thereafter. In contrast, phenoxybenzamine completely attenuated constriction to both phenylephrine (19% ± 8%, 1% ± 4%, −12% ± 4%) and norepinephrine (7.1% ± 1%, −5% ± 5%, −20% ± 5%) at 2, 24, and 48 hours posttreatment, respectively. Phenoxybenzamine did not alter endothelial function relative to controls at any time point.

Conclusions. Thirty-minute pretreatment of RA conduits with 10⁻⁶ M phenoxybenzamine completely inhibits vasoconstriction to phenylephrine and norepinephrine for as long as 48 hours. Soaking radial artery grafts briefly in phenoxybenzamine solution before implantation may be effective in preventing postoperative vasospasm caused by two common -adrenergic agonists used in postoperative hemodynamic management.     

p16和nm23-H1蛋白的表达与胃癌生物学特性的关系

目的探讨p16和nm23-H1在胃癌组织中的表达及其与临床病理因素的关系。方法应用免疫组化标记链霉菌抗生物素-生物素(LSAB)方法,对65例胃癌患者癌组织中p16和nm23-H1蛋白的表达水平进行了检测,并对其结果与患者的临床病理资料进行了相关分析。结果p16和nm23-H1在胃癌组织中的阳性表达率分别为30.8%、41.5%;在分化好的癌组织,p16的阳性表达率高于分化差的癌组织(P＜0.05);p16和nm23-H1在无淋巴结转移患者的癌组织中阳性率高于有转移者(P＜0.05、P＜0.01);在Ⅰ、Ⅱ期患者癌组织中高于Ⅲ期患者癌组织,差异均有显著性意义(P＜0.05、P＜0.01)。p16蛋白表达阳性者3年生存率为45.0%,阴性者为28.9%;nm23-H1蛋白表达阳性者3年生存率为51.9%,阴性者为21.1%,阳性表达者与阴性表达者生存率差异有显著性意义(P＜0.05)。p16与nm23-H1蛋白的表达率呈正相关(r=0.0415,P＜0.05)。结论p16和nm23-H1参与了胃癌的发展过程,并与胃癌的部分生物学行为有关,可作为预测肿瘤转移和评估患者预后的指标。