Comparative study of awake endotracheal intubation with Glidescope video laryngoscope versus flexible fiber optic bronchoscope in patients with traumatic cervical spine injury

BackgroundThe Gldiescope video laryngoscope (GVL) as a recent intubating device has gained much popularity in difficult intubation over the last decade. It can be used as a substitute to flexible fiber optic bronchoscope (FOB) in intubating challenges. The object of this study is to compare the utility of GVL and FOB for intubating time, attempts, effects on hemodynamics, adverse effects, patient satisfaction and post intubation neurological outcome during awake intubation in traumatic cervical spine injury.MethodsFifty patients undergoing post traumatic cervical spine fixation under general anesthesia were randomly allocated to two groups in a prospective, controlled non-blinded study. All patients were premedicated with glycopyrrolate 0.2 mg iv and midazolam 1 mg iv that be repeated up to 0.05 mg/kg followed with a bolus dose of remifentanil 1.5 μg/kg then a continuous remifentanil infusion of 0.15 μg/kg/min for 3 min before procedure. Each patient underwent a wake endotracheal intubation with either GVL (G group) or FOB (F group) with manual in line stabilization (MILS). Intubating time, intubating attempts, hear rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), oxygen desaturation (SO₂ < 90%), sore throat, patient satisfaction and postintubation neurological outcome were recorded.ResultsIntubating time was significantly lower in G group compared with F group (26 ± 5 versus 72 ± 11 respectively), while the percentage of the first successful intubating attempt was insignificantly higher in G group (88%) than in F group (72%). Both HR and MAP were significantly increased only in F group during intubation in comparison with the basal line values. Both devices were safe for post neurological outcome. No significant differences of adverse effects or patient satisfaction were recorded between groups.ConclusionThe GVL is a safe surrogate for FOB during awake intubation for post traumatic cervical spine fixation.     

可视喉镜下不同鼻孔入路对鼻插管的影响

目的 在可视喉镜下观察经不同鼻孔入路对鼻插管的影响。方法 采用随机数字表法将120例美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)分级Ⅰ级的颌面手术患者随机分为A组(左鼻孔入路)和B组(右鼻孔入路),每组60例。麻醉快速诱导后,采用Tosight视频喉镜完成经鼻插管,记录并比较两组导管一次通过鼻腔率、导管通过鼻腔时间、声门暴露时间、插管总时间、插管成功率和鼻腔出血情况。结果 A、B两组患者在导管入鼻一次成功率(84.7%比81.7%;χ ² =0.202,P=0.653)、导管通过鼻腔时间[(7.3±4.6)s比(7.5±4.1)s;t=-0.223,P=0.824]、声门暴露时间[(6.6±1.4)s比(6.7±1.4)s;t=-0.348,P=0.728] 和插管总时间[(35.1±9.2)s比(34.0±7.8)s;t=0.663,P=0.509]方面差异均无统计学意义。两组的置管一次成功率均为100%。A组有16例(27.1%)发生插管相关鼻出血,B组有17例(28.3%),差异也无统计学意义(χ ² =0.022,P=0.882)。结论 经不同鼻孔入路对鼻插管影响无差别。     

可视喉镜联合光棒应用于咽喉部新生物患者的临床可行性分析

目的 观察咽喉部新生物患者采用可视喉镜联合光棒行麻醉气管插管的临床价值。方法 选择2018年12月至2019年3月于复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院择期行咽喉部新生物全麻手术的患者120例,采用随机数字表法分为可视喉镜组（A组,n=40）、帝视光棒组（B组,n=40）和可视喉镜联合帝视光棒组（C组,n=40）。观察并比较3组患者麻醉诱导前（T₀）、诱导后即刻（T₁）、气管插管后即刻（T₂）和插管后3 min（T₃）的血流动力学指标、首次气管插管成功率、总体插管成功率、插管时间,并同时记录插管期的相关并发症包括有无唇齿、牙龈出血、牙齿松动及口咽喉部出血情况。结果 C组插管时间和首次插管成功例率与B组比较,差异均有统计学意义[（28.9±9.9）s vs.（38.5±12.4）s,40（100%） vs.33（82.5%）,P均<0.05]。B组气管插管后即刻（T₂）的平均动脉压低于A组[（79±6）mmHg vs.（101.5±13.3）mmHg],C组插管即刻的心率高于A组[（102.6±9.3）次/分 vs.（94.2±12.7）次/分],差异均有统计学意义。T₀、T₁、T₃时间点3组心率、平均动脉压差异均无统计学意义。A组患者中2例出现牙龈少量渗血、1例会厌新生物少量出血,并发症发生率为7.5%。B组患者无明显并发症。C组患者有1例出血牙龈少量渗血,并发症发生率为2.5%。结论 联合使用可视喉镜和光棒,制定个性化的插管方案,可以发挥不同气道工具的优势,提高咽喉部新生物患者的插管成功率,缩短插管时间,减少并发症的发生。     

针刺加红外线照射五脏调神穴联合药物治疗不寐40例

目的:观察针刺加红外线照射五脏调神穴联合药物治疗不寐的临床疗效。方法:纳入80例不寐患者,按照随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组各40例,对照组采取地西泮和谷维素口服治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用针刺合红外线照射五脏调神穴治疗,10 d为1个疗程。3个疗程后,对比两组患者匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)得分、临床疗效及脑电图主要睡眠参数变化。结果:两组治疗后PSQI得分得到优化,观察组得分优于对照组(P<0.05);两组治疗后睡眠参数得到优化,观察组优于对照组(P<0.05);观察组痊愈率高于对照组(P<0.05);两组皆无明显不良反应。结论:针刺加红外线照射五脏调神穴联合药物疗法治疗不寐具有较好效果,能够改善患者睡眠质量、脑电图参数,且不良反应较少。     

Gasless,video endoscopic transanal excision for carcinoid and laterally spreading tumors of the rectum

Background: The aim of this study is to determine whether gasless, video endoscopic transanal–rectal tumor excision (gasless VTEM) is a valid treatment for rectal carcinoid and laterally spreading tumors (LST). Methods: Eighty-four patients with an adenoma, adenocarcinoma (Tis/T1), or carcinoid tumor of the rectum were divided into three groups: (i) LST (n = 17 patients), (ii) carcinoid (n = 11), and (iii) control with other types of tumors (n = 56). Results: The LST group had a longer median operating time than in the control group, whereas the carcinoid group had a shorter operating time. Two patients (11.7%) in LST group developed peritoneal entry during the operation, while 2 patients (3.6%) in the control group experienced postoperative complications. During a median follow-up length of 55.2 months, one patient in the LST group developed a recurrence. Conclusions: Gasless VTEM is a simple, minimally invasive procedure used to treat LST and carcinoid tumors of the rectum. However, resection for the LST group had a high risk of peritoneal entry during operation.     

The effect of watching live arthroscopic views on postoperative anxiety of patients

Surgery is a stressful experience. Many minor interventions have been shown to cause considerable anxiety in patients, but whether arthroscopy leads to such anxiety is not well-known. Methods for lowering perioperative anxiety have been sought and listening to music or watching a movie have been recommended. The method of permitting patients to watch their own endoscopy has been studied infrequently. Our aim in this study was to find out the effect of watching simultaneous arthroscopic views on postoperative anxiety. A total of 63 patients were randomly divided into two groups: those watching their own arthroscopy formed group W, while patients that were only verbally informed formed group NW. The mean age of patients in both groups were 33 and 34, respectively. Meniscal surgery was the most commonly performed procedure (49/63 patients). The patients filled in state scale of State-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) forms and the study questionnaire (SQ) prepared for this study, just before and after the arthroscopy. Group W had significantly lower postoperative scores of STAI-S, whole questionnaire (Q-score) and all but one of individual statements in SQ. Having a previous operation history did not affect STAI scores. Age and level of education was not correlated with any of the studied parameters either. The ratio of patients that were pleased with the arthroscopy experience in group W and NW were 94 and 63%, respectively. Watching live arthroscopic views has led to a significant decrease in postoperative anxiety and worries about the surgery and the postoperative period, while increasing overall understanding and satisfaction of the patient.     

Preoperative risk assessment for gastrostomy tube placement in head and neck cancer patients

BACKGROUND: The presentation and definitive surgical treatment of head and neck malignancies have varying impact on postoperative recovery and return of swallowing function, which heretofore has not been well defined. METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review of 142 patients who underwent extirpative surgery for head and neck cancer. RESULTS: Factors significantly associated with the need for long-term postoperative nutritional support (p < .05) included heavy alcohol use, tongue base involvement and surgery, pharyngectomy, composite resection, reconstruction with a myocutaneous flap, radiation therapy, tumor size, and moderately-to-poorly differentiated histology. Heavy alcohol users were at an absolute risk for gastrostomy tube dependence; patients who underwent radiation therapy, flap reconstruction, tongue base resection, and pharyngectomy were at a two to sevenfold increased risk for gastrostomy tube dependence, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: High-risk patients based on these criteria should receive a feeding gastrostomy at the time of their initial surgical therapy.     

全腔镜和腔镜辅助小切口甲状腺手术对机体免疫功能的影响

目的 研究全腔镜和腔镜辅助小切口甲状腺手术对机体免疫功能的影响。方法 选择2013年1月～2015年1月间笔者医院行甲状腺切除手术的患者共100 例,随机分为全腔镜组和腔镜辅助组各50例,观察两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、手术费用等手术情况,并且测定两组术前、术后24h外周血淋巴细胞亚群（CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD8⁺）和免疫球蛋白（IgA、IgG、IgM）水平。结果 全腔镜组手术时间长于腔镜辅助组,术中出血量多于腔镜辅助组,住院天数短于腔镜辅助组,医疗费用多于腔镜辅助组,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01）;两组患者手术前淋巴细胞亚群（CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD8⁺、CD4⁺∕CD8⁺）和免疫球蛋白（IgA、IgG、IgM）水平差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）,术后24h,各CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD8⁺和IgA、IgG、IgM明显下降,CD4⁺/CD8⁺比值明显升高,与术前相比差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,两组术后水平比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 全腔镜和腔镜辅助小切口均可抑制患者的免疫功能,但两种手术方式对机体免疫功能影响不明显。     

三种不同检查方法对早产儿脑损伤评估优越性比较

目的：探究与分析振幅整合脑电图、彩超、MRI在早产儿脑损伤中的诊断研究,旨在为早产儿的临床脑损伤提供可靠的诊断依据。方法：选取2012年8月-2014年8月本院儿科收治的120例早产儿,在其住院期间给予振幅整合脑电图、彩超、MRI检查,观察与记录三种方法的检测结果。结果：振幅整合脑电图检查结果：早产儿中有48例表现为不连续低电压或病理型图形,阳性率为40.00%（48/120）,且未能检测到成熟CY。彩超检查结果：早产儿中有33例颅内发现阳性病灶,阳性率为27.50%（33/120）,其中15例早产儿被诊断为脑室内出血,占45.45%（15/33）,另有18例早产儿被诊断为缺氧缺血性改变,占54.55%（18/33）。MRI检查结果：早产儿中有62例在颅内发现了阳性病灶,阳性率为51.67%（62/120）,其中有34例诊断为脑室内缺血,19例诊断为脑实质点状出血,占30.66%（19/62）,9例诊断为脑室内缺血合并蛛网膜下腔出血,占14.52%（9/62）。结论：MRI对于早产儿诊断的准确性及敏感性明显高于振幅整合脑电图及彩超检查,其中振幅整合脑电图可通过针对早产儿醒睡周期异常改变进行诊断,而彩超则可作为初诊及随访追踪的方法推广应用于临床工作中。